{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/usa/090412",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/090412",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/usa/090412",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "090412",
    "exporter_iso3": "USA",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 165,
    "current_lane_count": 103,
    "active_market_count": 103,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 24480011.004856795,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 24161984.918571413,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 21405913.692257237,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 19502355.96230312,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 25440697.20565996,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 12.593710572368156,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 2.3973119922046093,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -2.327018707538331,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 20633205.45634946,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 92660111.82243818,
    "historical_peak_year": 2000,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 14.920729279906487,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "CAN",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 12242337.656188916,
    "top_market_share_pct": 50.00952676761483,
    "destination_hhi": 2723.734310858642,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 37.01708732942401,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 3.6489733928981996,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.8241568703264649,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 75.16541364175087,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 15.757575757575758,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:14",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 90412,
      "hs_description": "Spices: pepper (of the genus piper), crushed or ground",
      "hs_chapter": 9,
      "hs_heading": 904,
      "substitution_elasticity": -6.5055566,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Spices: pepper (of the genus piper), crushed or ground",
    "hs_chapter": 9,
    "hs_heading": 904,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 90412,
        "corridor_rank": 6,
        "exporter_iso3": "USA",
        "importer_iso3": "CAN",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 12242337.656188916,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 8890120.29056953,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 9513673.356057977,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 8335244.139600715,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 12855783.983669277,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 24.579757716729954,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 6.033101323560119,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -4.399150068656121,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 24814362.991444774,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 32748527.811032847,
        "historical_peak_year": 2015,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 28.978907785386077,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 10.7074,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 12.349,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 37.382864130046556,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 8.21230178000269,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 40.40747685408234,
        "peer_top_exporter": "VNM",
        "supplier_count_latest": 83,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3241.63,
        "distance_km": 548.3945922851562,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.045807528214990095,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.031168520881953585,
        "volatility_cv": 0.7707911353898529,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 74.48363670247961,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 90412,
        "corridor_rank": 72,
        "exporter_iso3": "USA",
        "importer_iso3": "GBR",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 429876.4712867454,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 392165.41732244275,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 529317.9840293856,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 619665.491484386,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 629893.5564293502,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -12.067546062328027,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -10.818729723217668,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 1.075610333850996,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 878112.9395994486,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 42174414.59523601,
        "historical_peak_year": 2020,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -13.143156396179023,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 20.532,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 14.9218,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 1.019282603949419,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.09228208169395802,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 55.339148456283226,
        "peer_top_exporter": "VNM",
        "supplier_count_latest": 63,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3319.88,
        "distance_km": 5570.1611328125,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": null,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 0.6148082741110918,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 92.88027396690983,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "USA",
      "hs_code": 90412,
      "num_markets": 137,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CHE",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1164850,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "TZA",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 39.02439024390244,
      "median_price_across_markets": 9358.557643473845,
      "price_spread_pct": 12446.479681856024,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 31.262173824130883,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 121042031
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 15455145.37391228,
        "active_destinations": 96,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.7049930214048034
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 23137522.60015185,
        "active_destinations": 97,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 49.707570135232395
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 31226676.560700998,
        "active_destinations": 102,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 34.96119312486833
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 31797807.337305866,
        "active_destinations": 102,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1.8289835471112565
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 30576527.990776885,
        "active_destinations": 112,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.8407659168880803
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 39479319.658895314,
        "active_destinations": 111,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 29.11642443773822
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 35292024.02854093,
        "active_destinations": 113,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -10.60630139154619
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 35063686.39696243,
        "active_destinations": 109,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.6469950020260856
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 25597191.70373851,
        "active_destinations": 113,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -26.99800182459994
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 21462970.456946786,
        "active_destinations": 110,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -16.1510735030668
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 16366640.41476043,
        "active_destinations": 108,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -23.74475635797588
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 16927398.31998345,
        "active_destinations": 109,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.426224875798541
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 19572698.105954397,
        "active_destinations": 111,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 15.627326396922259
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 20483058.052245874,
        "active_destinations": 108,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 4.651172471793898
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 24161984.918571405,
        "active_destinations": 103,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 17.960828197341137
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "USA",
      "exports_usd": 1928272713928.0183,
      "imports_usd": 3183475665876.591,
      "trade_balance_usd": -1255202951948.5725,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 1.2130178753190668,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 5.721911300823623,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.2744468065821115,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.781784239418174,
      "export_partner_hhi": 615.0816428764754,
      "export_product_hhi": 95.45205217935323,
      "momentum_score": 2.43144655469798,
      "risk_score": 3.552668475279143,
      "gdp_million_usd": 28750956.1307312,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 84534.04078415484,
      "population": 340110988,
      "labor_force": 169004.92,
      "investment_rate_pct": 21.94,
      "savings_rate_pct": 17.5,
      "secondary_education_pct": 98.29,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 59.84,
      "total_factor_productivity": 2715.21,
      "trade_openness_pct": 25.25168145255992,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 9.525533087298541,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 20,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 3,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 77,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 8736.897119341564,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 7.4074074074074066,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 28.51851851851852,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.1111111111111112,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13674905652698968,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.1379975951427108,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.012729926750844386,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1252676683918664,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 8568.634628338012,
      "num_border_partners": 60,
      "num_colonial_partners": 222,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.91231056569188,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 76.00461893764434,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.655889145496536,
      "real_market_potential": 2439042.9588601724,
      "foreign_market_potential": 11758.09282424583
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "090412",
    "hs_description": "Spices: pepper (of the genus piper), crushed or ground",
    "hs_chapter": 9,
    "hs_heading": 904
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 90412,
      "corridor_rank": 6,
      "exporter_iso3": "USA",
      "importer_iso3": "CAN",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 12242337.656188916,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 8890120.29056953,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 9513673.356057977,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 8335244.139600715,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 12855783.983669277,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 24.579757716729954,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 6.033101323560119,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -4.399150068656121,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 24814362.991444774,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 32748527.811032847,
      "historical_peak_year": 2015,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 28.978907785386077,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 10.7074,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 12.349,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 37.382864130046556,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 8.21230178000269,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 40.40747685408234,
      "peer_top_exporter": "VNM",
      "supplier_count_latest": 83,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3241.63,
      "distance_km": 548.3945922851562,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.045807528214990095,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.031168520881953585,
      "volatility_cv": 0.7707911353898529,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 74.48363670247961,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 90412,
      "corridor_rank": 72,
      "exporter_iso3": "USA",
      "importer_iso3": "GBR",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 429876.4712867454,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 392165.41732244275,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 529317.9840293856,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 619665.491484386,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 629893.5564293502,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -12.067546062328027,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -10.818729723217668,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 1.075610333850996,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 878112.9395994486,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 42174414.59523601,
      "historical_peak_year": 2020,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -13.143156396179023,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 20.532,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 14.9218,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 1.019282603949419,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.09228208169395802,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 55.339148456283226,
      "peer_top_exporter": "VNM",
      "supplier_count_latest": 63,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3319.88,
      "distance_km": 5570.1611328125,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": null,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 0.6148082741110918,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 92.88027396690983,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "USA",
    "hs_code": 90412,
    "num_markets": 137,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CHE",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1164850,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "TZA",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 39.02439024390244,
    "median_price_across_markets": 9358.557643473845,
    "price_spread_pct": 12446.479681856024,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 31.262173824130883,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 121042031
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 15455145.37391228,
      "active_destinations": 96,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.7049930214048034
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 23137522.60015185,
      "active_destinations": 97,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 49.707570135232395
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 31226676.560700998,
      "active_destinations": 102,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 34.96119312486833
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 31797807.337305866,
      "active_destinations": 102,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.8289835471112565
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 30576527.990776885,
      "active_destinations": 112,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.8407659168880803
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 39479319.658895314,
      "active_destinations": 111,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 29.11642443773822
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 35292024.02854093,
      "active_destinations": 113,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.60630139154619
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 35063686.39696243,
      "active_destinations": 109,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.6469950020260856
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 25597191.70373851,
      "active_destinations": 113,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -26.99800182459994
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 21462970.456946786,
      "active_destinations": 110,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.1510735030668
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 16366640.41476043,
      "active_destinations": 108,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -23.74475635797588
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 16927398.31998345,
      "active_destinations": 109,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.426224875798541
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 19572698.105954397,
      "active_destinations": 111,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 15.627326396922259
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 20483058.052245874,
      "active_destinations": 108,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.651172471793898
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 24161984.918571405,
      "active_destinations": 103,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 17.960828197341137
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "USA",
    "exports_usd": 1928272713928.0183,
    "imports_usd": 3183475665876.591,
    "trade_balance_usd": -1255202951948.5725,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 1.2130178753190668,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 5.721911300823623,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.2744468065821115,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.781784239418174,
    "export_partner_hhi": 615.0816428764754,
    "export_product_hhi": 95.45205217935323,
    "momentum_score": 2.43144655469798,
    "risk_score": 3.552668475279143,
    "gdp_million_usd": 28750956.1307312,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 84534.04078415484,
    "population": 340110988,
    "labor_force": 169004.92,
    "investment_rate_pct": 21.94,
    "savings_rate_pct": 17.5,
    "secondary_education_pct": 98.29,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 59.84,
    "total_factor_productivity": 2715.21,
    "trade_openness_pct": 25.25168145255992,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 9.525533087298541,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 20,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 3,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 77,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 8736.897119341564,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 7.4074074074074066,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 28.51851851851852,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.1111111111111112,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13674905652698968,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.1379975951427108,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.012729926750844386,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1252676683918664,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 8568.634628338012,
    "num_border_partners": 60,
    "num_colonial_partners": 222,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.91231056569188,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 76.00461893764434,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.655889145496536,
    "real_market_potential": 2439042.9588601724,
    "foreign_market_potential": 11758.09282424583
  }
}