{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/ukr/860712",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/860712",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/ukr/860712",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "860712",
    "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 39,
    "current_lane_count": 2,
    "active_market_count": 2,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 27499776.921922613,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 409516.1760162874,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 487761.2566337982,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1212094.036680657,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1270300.4793962736,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -29.454334949844053,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -27.38639813361735,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -31.516002845579916,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 17572670.565176673,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 67892218.79288596,
    "historical_peak_year": 2008,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 2.0616678957358623,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "TKM",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 10703790,
    "top_market_share_pct": 38.92318846945635,
    "destination_hhi": 2393.546615533262,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 69.30150591683743,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 26.07251936817157,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.439122726626038,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 44.92942995384167,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 71.7948717948718,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 71,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:13",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 860712,
      "hs_description": "Railway or tramway locomotives or rolling stock: parts, bogies and bissel-bogies (excluding driving bogies and bissel-bogies)",
      "hs_chapter": 86,
      "hs_heading": 8607,
      "substitution_elasticity": -24.380144,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way vertical trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Railway or tramway locomotives or rolling stock: parts, bogies and bissel-bogies (excluding driving bogies and bissel-bogies)",
    "hs_chapter": 86,
    "hs_heading": 8607,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 860712,
        "corridor_rank": 11,
        "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
        "importer_iso3": "TKM",
        "latest_data_year": 2014,
        "lane_data_years": 5,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 10703790,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 2141557.1117980457,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 10703790,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 10703790,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 10703790,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1320.0721026568606,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 391.34465663803803,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 121.66295510031398,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 10703790,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 11937512,
        "historical_peak_year": 2014,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 100,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 1198.4091475565465,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 267.3406,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 2068.531,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 70,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 89.66516640988507,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 32.87938821353446,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 89.66516640988507,
        "peer_top_exporter": "UKR",
        "supplier_count_latest": 2,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 8146.65,
        "distance_km": 2599.0634765625,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.027222813899616866,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.9990672462463683,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "Medium",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 860712,
        "corridor_rank": 23,
        "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
        "importer_iso3": "LVA",
        "latest_data_year": 2013,
        "lane_data_years": 7,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 4451822.364017743,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 785328.1325803536,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2521945.2149786213,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1760640.0211649777,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 916215.7410244116,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 165.44156728524,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 172.09458223845377,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 322.06085531515384,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 4451822.364017743,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 14709443.469158115,
        "historical_peak_year": 2013,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 83.33333333333333,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -156.61928802991383,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 109.1419,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 7749.3698,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 41.3793,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 94.57723467831556,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.6566685821965308,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 99.91958092226672,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CZE",
        "supplier_count_latest": 5,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 9983.93,
        "distance_km": 839.845703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.031070403245134104,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.029477482968927205,
        "volatility_cv": 1.921090835011291,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 79.8327197435535,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "Medium",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 860712,
        "corridor_rank": 41,
        "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
        "importer_iso3": "USA",
        "latest_data_year": 2010,
        "lane_data_years": 1,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1020975.300421173,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1020975.300421173,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1020975.300421173,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1020975.300421173,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1020975.300421173,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": null,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": null,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1020975.300421173,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 38730115.631152794,
        "historical_peak_year": 2010,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": null,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
        "trend_label": "Insufficient history",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 4.2623,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 26.6142,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 5.530354415222561,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 5.530354415222561,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 42.73348763641,
        "peer_top_exporter": "AUT",
        "supplier_count_latest": 17,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3053.42,
        "distance_km": 7515.91015625,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.02249336383524904,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0270813750921456,
        "volatility_cv": 0,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','long_distance_without_fta','limited_history']",
        "signal_flag": "Declining",
        "confidence_label": "Low",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 860712,
        "corridor_rank": 79,
        "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
        "importer_iso3": "ROU",
        "latest_data_year": 2016,
        "lane_data_years": 1,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 150740.66414542508,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 150740.66414542508,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 150740.66414542508,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 150740.66414542508,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 150740.66414542508,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": null,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": null,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 150740.66414542508,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 15393733.816547714,
        "historical_peak_year": 2016,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": null,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
        "trend_label": "Insufficient history",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -10.7628,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 648.0033,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.7925662733731267,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.7925662733731267,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 45.846421243893595,
        "peer_top_exporter": "AUT",
        "supplier_count_latest": 9,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3369.42,
        "distance_km": null,
        "has_reported_fta": null,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.1722859411111111,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 0,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','limited_history']",
        "signal_flag": "Declining",
        "confidence_label": "Low",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 860712,
        "corridor_rank": 93,
        "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
        "importer_iso3": "POL",
        "latest_data_year": 2018,
        "lane_data_years": 7,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 107769.36037481226,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 92325.09773655652,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 67260.01184249698,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 45557.6174090386,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 71420.73085122179,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 268.54904276298015,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 14.024272910478786,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -6.791942950106367,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 217751.2990485648,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 34134005.70769929,
        "historical_peak_year": 2003,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 33.333333333333336,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 275.3409857130865,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -26.4767,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 24.1212,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.19707350266214055,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.10806890049497997,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 38.00594549004357,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHE",
        "supplier_count_latest": 10,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2730.91,
        "distance_km": 690.8161010742188,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.14940361988505746,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 0.7524839019428775,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.01133607398516,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Slowing",
        "confidence_label": "Medium",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 860712,
        "corridor_rank": 94,
        "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
        "importer_iso3": "CZE",
        "latest_data_year": 2021,
        "lane_data_years": 3,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 106989.19112877442,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 44538.94264840804,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 106989.19112877442,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 106989.19112877442,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 66801.85196487827,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 59.00366245600075,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 32.082194731499754,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 146.10889872075705,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 106989.19112877442,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 24888260.408814035,
        "historical_peak_year": 2021,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 100,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -87.10523626475631,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 21.3018,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 496.9997,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 2.6037076553680083,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 2.400926434412442,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 83.54756719262237,
        "peer_top_exporter": "AUT",
        "supplier_count_latest": 8,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 7212.15,
        "distance_km": 1141.565185546875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.06127062713095239,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.0210116979084083,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','limited_history']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "Low",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "UKR",
      "hs_code": 860712,
      "num_markets": 7,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "GEO",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 8631.51724137931,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "LTU",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 860.3444444444444,
      "median_price_across_markets": 3573.4485964970067,
      "price_spread_pct": 217.4698358485643,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 197.7598181818182,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 7410353
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 3754399.6225079205,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -58.99260473743031
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 4525352.769713977,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 20.53465865977964
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 8770601.625125851,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 93.81034079427565
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 17620091.618678425,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 100.89946359210667
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 18045962.71330604,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 2.4169629979458476
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 424462.64174712135,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -97.64788031267433
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 1329090.786636744,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 213.12314816825872
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 1011533.6590906986,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -23.89280933544214
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 1848918.79402783,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 82.78371435409129
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 2028528.7290570573,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.714322533222289
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 3430752.6957990937,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 69.12517169001828
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 1166433.717702796,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -66.00064705535095
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 315871.95144702727,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -72.91985419719232
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 737895.6424380799,
        "active_destinations": 2,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 133.60594033681633
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 409516.1760162874,
        "active_destinations": 2,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -44.50215552659918
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "UKR",
      "exports_usd": 46009888073.83923,
      "imports_usd": 63755228066.1416,
      "trade_balance_usd": -17745339992.30237,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 10.024790940478322,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 7.4904747113502035,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -12.755514661344947,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -2.8564652500967735,
      "export_partner_hhi": 407.8876688987023,
      "export_product_hhi": 396.44853613554375,
      "momentum_score": 3.190699259931341,
      "risk_score": 4.0216810251712305,
      "gdp_million_usd": 190741.26241470463,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 5389.47314453125,
      "population": 37860221,
      "labor_force": 18791.16,
      "investment_rate_pct": 22.64,
      "savings_rate_pct": 11.09,
      "secondary_education_pct": 93.91,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 48.61,
      "total_factor_productivity": 230.08,
      "trade_openness_pct": 111.00251669483652,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 46.528565255019565,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 45,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 7,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 0,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6613.139917695473,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 16.666666666666664,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.5925925925925926,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.10647401810479985,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.11226020601979106,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.017654055245064037,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09460615077472702,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6628.135915747452,
      "num_border_partners": 155,
      "num_colonial_partners": 25,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.310859073704886,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 74.76869217304326,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.8757189297324333,
      "real_market_potential": 61249722.79357859,
      "foreign_market_potential": 480528.9341685225
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "860712",
    "hs_description": "Railway or tramway locomotives or rolling stock: parts, bogies and bissel-bogies (excluding driving bogies and bissel-bogies)",
    "hs_chapter": 86,
    "hs_heading": 8607
  },
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