{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/tur/844010",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/844010",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/tur/844010",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "844010",
    "exporter_iso3": "TUR",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 138,
    "current_lane_count": 55,
    "active_market_count": 55,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 5084543.210297853,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 3904975.402640492,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 3012213.879801146,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2550909.3431547014,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2050700.9315131898,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 16.74110615917961,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 16.553895468359414,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 9.959813062299872,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 2812577.207602935,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 14604996.25464433,
    "historical_peak_year": 2024,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 6.781293096879736,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "DZA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 1806999,
    "top_market_share_pct": 35.53906270951222,
    "destination_hhi": 1547.7248641313113,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 7.891397481968123,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 3.2212993419236615,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 2.124700177257151,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 83.60555775357042,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 45.65217391304348,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:08",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 844010,
      "hs_description": "Book-binding machinery: including book-sewing machines",
      "hs_chapter": 84,
      "hs_heading": 8440,
      "substitution_elasticity": null,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way vertical trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Book-binding machinery: including book-sewing machines",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8440,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 844010,
        "corridor_rank": 62,
        "exporter_iso3": "TUR",
        "importer_iso3": "DZA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 23,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1806999,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 106229.97379631773,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 643506.0948230267,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 406552.80705476203,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 231120.5979318334,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 363.0101769728662,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 75.2932754388198,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 48.11115457901931,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1806999,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 16179140.860656135,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 63.63636363636363,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 314.89902239384685,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 665.7188,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 49.2723,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 11.168695640657884,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 6.68283226370947,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 74.80616631771615,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 10,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 5794.08,
        "distance_km": 2285.820556640625,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.24188185610101012,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 3.425869686926277,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 98.21529963672091,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "TUR",
      "hs_code": 844010,
      "num_markets": 98,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CAN",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 221211.53846153847,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SEN",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 284.10415856976294,
      "median_price_across_markets": 9789.323553382234,
      "price_spread_pct": 2256.8202296943978,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 5.28479044117647,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 12232181
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 1015697.3847380169,
        "active_destinations": 41,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -23.72312634188341
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 1769320.7339804564,
        "active_destinations": 44,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 74.19762623853016
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 998951.4660148496,
        "active_destinations": 43,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -43.54039678450499
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 1454145.8984286026,
        "active_destinations": 50,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 45.56722202227455
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 1511048.3958155683,
        "active_destinations": 51,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.91312160963053
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 1723143.7860910883,
        "active_destinations": 56,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 14.03630690207274
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 915749.4367689422,
        "active_destinations": 55,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -46.85588955717395
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 1532949.4346555984,
        "active_destinations": 55,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 67.39834862081224
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 1765169.7548039719,
        "active_destinations": 59,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 15.148596222323896
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 1815450.1870387928,
        "active_destinations": 56,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 2.848475739966705
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 1263496.3271841183,
        "active_destinations": 53,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -30.40313988206828
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 2454408.74918595,
        "active_destinations": 67,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 94.25531332219617
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 2694012.0977540887,
        "active_destinations": 64,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.762161606032716
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 2437654.139008858,
        "active_destinations": 56,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -9.515842893168456
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 3904975.4026404917,
        "active_destinations": 55,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 60.19398897286725
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "TUR",
      "exports_usd": 266453183406.02615,
      "imports_usd": 320288758005.0291,
      "trade_balance_usd": -53835574599.00296,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 2.4581553310775606,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -5.299584534146251,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.508421595949886,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.794190638166554,
      "export_partner_hhi": 316.3490925648709,
      "export_product_hhi": 60.710408947970876,
      "momentum_score": 3.3732352105392582,
      "risk_score": 1.8852975075642087,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1359123.7687741222,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 15892.715728724077,
      "population": 85518661,
      "labor_force": 34752.89,
      "investment_rate_pct": 27.54,
      "savings_rate_pct": 23.29,
      "secondary_education_pct": 65.14,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 11.93,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1356.29,
      "trade_openness_pct": 37.873145419129656,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 17.199077567657092,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 46,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 1,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6497.526748971193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 17.037037037037038,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.3703703703703704,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.9629629629629632,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1335110138343466,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13763990318574762,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.040500587572199306,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09713931561354831,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6524.584306311585,
      "num_border_partners": 200,
      "num_colonial_partners": 355,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.839634282742692,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.77319587628865,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6944704779756323,
      "real_market_potential": 99877.51048295038,
      "foreign_market_potential": 20872.279524361467
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "844010",
    "hs_description": "Book-binding machinery: including book-sewing machines",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8440
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 844010,
      "corridor_rank": 62,
      "exporter_iso3": "TUR",
      "importer_iso3": "DZA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 23,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1806999,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 106229.97379631773,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 643506.0948230267,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 406552.80705476203,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 231120.5979318334,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 363.0101769728662,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 75.2932754388198,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 48.11115457901931,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1806999,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 16179140.860656135,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 63.63636363636363,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 314.89902239384685,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 665.7188,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 49.2723,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 11.168695640657884,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 6.68283226370947,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 74.80616631771615,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 10,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 5794.08,
      "distance_km": 2285.820556640625,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.24188185610101012,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 3.425869686926277,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 98.21529963672091,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "TUR",
    "hs_code": 844010,
    "num_markets": 98,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CAN",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 221211.53846153847,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SEN",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 284.10415856976294,
    "median_price_across_markets": 9789.323553382234,
    "price_spread_pct": 2256.8202296943978,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 5.28479044117647,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 12232181
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 1015697.3847380169,
      "active_destinations": 41,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -23.72312634188341
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 1769320.7339804564,
      "active_destinations": 44,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 74.19762623853016
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 998951.4660148496,
      "active_destinations": 43,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -43.54039678450499
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 1454145.8984286026,
      "active_destinations": 50,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 45.56722202227455
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 1511048.3958155683,
      "active_destinations": 51,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.91312160963053
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 1723143.7860910883,
      "active_destinations": 56,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 14.03630690207274
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 915749.4367689422,
      "active_destinations": 55,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -46.85588955717395
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 1532949.4346555984,
      "active_destinations": 55,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 67.39834862081224
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 1765169.7548039719,
      "active_destinations": 59,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 15.148596222323896
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 1815450.1870387928,
      "active_destinations": 56,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.848475739966705
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 1263496.3271841183,
      "active_destinations": 53,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -30.40313988206828
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 2454408.74918595,
      "active_destinations": 67,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 94.25531332219617
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 2694012.0977540887,
      "active_destinations": 64,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.762161606032716
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 2437654.139008858,
      "active_destinations": 56,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.515842893168456
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 3904975.4026404917,
      "active_destinations": 55,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 60.19398897286725
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "TUR",
    "exports_usd": 266453183406.02615,
    "imports_usd": 320288758005.0291,
    "trade_balance_usd": -53835574599.00296,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 2.4581553310775606,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -5.299584534146251,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.508421595949886,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.794190638166554,
    "export_partner_hhi": 316.3490925648709,
    "export_product_hhi": 60.710408947970876,
    "momentum_score": 3.3732352105392582,
    "risk_score": 1.8852975075642087,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1359123.7687741222,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 15892.715728724077,
    "population": 85518661,
    "labor_force": 34752.89,
    "investment_rate_pct": 27.54,
    "savings_rate_pct": 23.29,
    "secondary_education_pct": 65.14,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 11.93,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1356.29,
    "trade_openness_pct": 37.873145419129656,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 17.199077567657092,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 46,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 1,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6497.526748971193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 17.037037037037038,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.3703703703703704,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.9629629629629632,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1335110138343466,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13763990318574762,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.040500587572199306,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09713931561354831,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6524.584306311585,
    "num_border_partners": 200,
    "num_colonial_partners": 355,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.839634282742692,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.77319587628865,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6944704779756323,
    "real_market_potential": 99877.51048295038,
    "foreign_market_potential": 20872.279524361467
  }
}