# Turkey HS 482020 exports | Yugalinks

Explore reported HS 482020 exports from Turkey: destinations, growth, concentration, prices, and history.

## Exporter position

| Measure | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Exporter | Turkey |
| HS6 | 482020 |
| Latest exports | $3.2M |
| Active destinations | 102 |
| Three-year growth | -6.2% |
| Destination HHI | 2,375 |
| Weighted share | 24.4% |

## Destination markets

No destination observations are available.

## Price intelligence

- Highest reported market price: Finland at $236.1K / ton.
- Lowest reported market price: Congo, Rep. of the at $8.8 / ton.
- Median reported price: $3.3K / ton.
- Price spread: 7,077.4%.

## Export history

- 2010: $1.8M
- 2011: $1.8M
- 2012: $2.1M
- 2013: $2.3M
- 2014: $2.5M
- 2015: $2.0M
- 2016: $1.8M
- 2017: $1.7M
- 2018: $3.9M
- 2019: $4.5M
- 2020: $3.9M
- 2021: $3.7M
- 2022: $6.3M
- 2023: $4.9M
- 2024: $3.0M

## Methods

Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.

Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed.

## Complete structured values

```json
{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/tur/482020",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/482020",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/tur/482020",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "482020",
    "exporter_iso3": "TUR",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 160,
    "current_lane_count": 102,
    "active_market_count": 102,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 3179079.394183671,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 3036235.980600066,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 4745439.863785827,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 4365173.3361392785,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 3568983.722424147,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -6.219480816754608,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -7.456443793904944,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 2.1363682875716883,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 3451274.978701359,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 15964549.294635804,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -8.355849104326296,
    "trend_label": "Declining",
    "top_market_iso3": "ROU",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 1470670.9292074286,
    "top_market_share_pct": 46.260905968505064,
    "destination_hhi": 2375.270359224775,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 24.353625076108656,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -0.7270368077585135,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.1535824708896028,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 79.50780897322247,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 31.25,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:08",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 482020,
      "hs_description": "Paper and paperboard: exercise books",
      "hs_chapter": 48,
      "hs_heading": 4820,
      "substitution_elasticity": -9.7181854,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Paper and paperboard: exercise books",
    "hs_chapter": 48,
    "hs_heading": 4820,
    "destinations": [],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "TUR",
      "hs_code": 482020,
      "num_markets": 144,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "FIN",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 236147.0588235294,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "COG",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 8.823529411764705,
      "median_price_across_markets": 3336.492890995261,
      "price_spread_pct": 7077.438586229945,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 17.090669509594886,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 19614544
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 1812513.6096873214,
        "active_destinations": 45,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1.4819316153646023
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 1778777.1561082643,
        "active_destinations": 57,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -1.8613076006020677
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 2143490.717888054,
        "active_destinations": 59,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 20.50361173839988
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 2256973.082420446,
        "active_destinations": 66,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.294278327652583
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 2457714.370101814,
        "active_destinations": 75,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 8.894270350184556
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 2005308.5165941792,
        "active_destinations": 79,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -18.407584665295886
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 1789044.2319767599,
        "active_destinations": 74,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -10.784589145650422
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 1742294.2042463156,
        "active_destinations": 78,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -2.6131286691994715
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 3854264.85312752,
        "active_destinations": 85,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 121.21779684130925
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 4473058.737600304,
        "active_destinations": 86,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 16.054783676079435
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 3908277.4901564317,
        "active_destinations": 112,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.626287303056186
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 3681269.599182483,
        "active_destinations": 116,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -5.8083872382578114
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 6272036.621193426,
        "active_destinations": 117,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 70.37699772345624
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 4928046.989563985,
        "active_destinations": 106,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -21.428281000274364
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 3036235.980600066,
        "active_destinations": 102,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -38.38865605320251
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "TUR",
      "exports_usd": 266453183406.02615,
      "imports_usd": 320288758005.0291,
      "trade_balance_usd": -53835574599.00296,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 2.4581553310775606,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -5.299584534146251,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.508421595949886,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.794190638166554,
      "export_partner_hhi": 316.3490925648709,
      "export_product_hhi": 60.710408947970876,
      "momentum_score": 3.3732352105392582,
      "risk_score": 1.8852975075642087,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1359123.7687741222,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 15892.715728724077,
      "population": 85518661,
      "labor_force": 34752.89,
      "investment_rate_pct": 27.54,
      "savings_rate_pct": 23.29,
      "secondary_education_pct": 65.14,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 11.93,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1356.29,
      "trade_openness_pct": 37.873145419129656,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 17.199077567657092,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 46,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 1,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6497.526748971193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 17.037037037037038,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.3703703703703704,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.9629629629629632,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1335110138343466,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13763990318574762,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.040500587572199306,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09713931561354831,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6524.584306311585,
      "num_border_partners": 200,
      "num_colonial_partners": 355,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.839634282742692,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.77319587628865,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6944704779756323,
      "real_market_potential": 99877.51048295038,
      "foreign_market_potential": 20872.279524361467
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "482020",
    "hs_description": "Paper and paperboard: exercise books",
    "hs_chapter": 48,
    "hs_heading": 4820
  },
  "destinations": [],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "TUR",
    "hs_code": 482020,
    "num_markets": 144,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "FIN",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 236147.0588235294,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "COG",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 8.823529411764705,
    "median_price_across_markets": 3336.492890995261,
    "price_spread_pct": 7077.438586229945,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 17.090669509594886,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 19614544
  },
  "history": [
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      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 1812513.6096873214,
      "active_destinations": 45,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.4819316153646023
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 1778777.1561082643,
      "active_destinations": 57,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.8613076006020677
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    {
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      "export_value_usd": 2143490.717888054,
      "active_destinations": 59,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 20.50361173839988
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    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 2256973.082420446,
      "active_destinations": 66,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.294278327652583
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    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 2457714.370101814,
      "active_destinations": 75,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.894270350184556
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    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 2005308.5165941792,
      "active_destinations": 79,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -18.407584665295886
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    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 1789044.2319767599,
      "active_destinations": 74,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.784589145650422
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 1742294.2042463156,
      "active_destinations": 78,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.6131286691994715
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 3854264.85312752,
      "active_destinations": 85,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 121.21779684130925
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 4473058.737600304,
      "active_destinations": 86,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 16.054783676079435
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 3908277.4901564317,
      "active_destinations": 112,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.626287303056186
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 3681269.599182483,
      "active_destinations": 116,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.8083872382578114
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 6272036.621193426,
      "active_destinations": 117,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 70.37699772345624
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    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 4928046.989563985,
      "active_destinations": 106,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -21.428281000274364
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 3036235.980600066,
      "active_destinations": 102,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -38.38865605320251
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  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "TUR",
    "exports_usd": 266453183406.02615,
    "imports_usd": 320288758005.0291,
    "trade_balance_usd": -53835574599.00296,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 2.4581553310775606,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -5.299584534146251,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.508421595949886,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.794190638166554,
    "export_partner_hhi": 316.3490925648709,
    "export_product_hhi": 60.710408947970876,
    "momentum_score": 3.3732352105392582,
    "risk_score": 1.8852975075642087,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1359123.7687741222,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 15892.715728724077,
    "population": 85518661,
    "labor_force": 34752.89,
    "investment_rate_pct": 27.54,
    "savings_rate_pct": 23.29,
    "secondary_education_pct": 65.14,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 11.93,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1356.29,
    "trade_openness_pct": 37.873145419129656,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 17.199077567657092,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 46,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 1,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6497.526748971193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 17.037037037037038,
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    "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.9629629629629632,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1335110138343466,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13763990318574762,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.040500587572199306,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09713931561354831,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6524.584306311585,
    "num_border_partners": 200,
    "num_colonial_partners": 355,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.839634282742692,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.77319587628865,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6944704779756323,
    "real_market_potential": 99877.51048295038,
    "foreign_market_potential": 20872.279524361467
  }
}
```