# Turkey HS 410221 exports | Yugalinks Explore reported HS 410221 exports from Turkey: destinations, growth, concentration, prices, and history. ## Exporter position | Measure | Value | | --- | --- | | Exporter | Turkey | | HS6 | 410221 | | Latest exports | $9.9M | | Active destinations | 57 | | Three-year growth | -1.5% | | Destination HHI | 6,139 | | Weighted share | 30.6% | ## Destination markets - Italy: $7.8M; share 24.2%; growth -1.9% - Pakistan: $216.9K; share 1.6%; growth +127.3% ## Price intelligence - Highest reported market price: USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands at $3.3M / ton. - Lowest reported market price: United Kingdom at $1.0K / ton. - Median reported price: $4.3K / ton. - Price spread: 75,979.9%. ## Export history - 2010: $2.0M - 2011: $3.8M - 2012: $9.0M - 2013: $13.3M - 2014: $10.3M - 2015: $8.5M - 2016: $6.1M - 2017: $4.4M - 2018: $4.3M - 2019: $5.5M - 2020: $4.4M - 2021: $9.0M - 2022: $12.6M - 2023: $10.1M - 2024: $8.6M ## Methods Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade. Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed. ## Complete structured values ```json { "template": "T3", "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile", "source": "api", "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com" }, "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/tur/410221", "links": { "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/410221", "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/tur/410221", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology" }, "methodology": { "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.", "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.", "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.", "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.", "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed." }, "exporter": { "hs_code": "410221", "exporter_iso3": "TUR", "first_data_year": 1995, "latest_data_year": 2024, "observed_lane_count": 89, "current_lane_count": 57, "active_market_count": 57, "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 9939257.398291137, "exports_current_2024_usd": 8608242.96340358, "exports_avg_3y_usd": 10442141.515397312, "exports_avg_5y_usd": 8937895.603297148, "exports_avg_10y_usd": 7355814.633838171, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.4984363419674906, "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 9.224657003112835, "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -1.8256142096032768, "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 8439047.107903143, "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 28658530.962246228, "historical_peak_year": 2013, "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516, "trend_acceleration_pct": 0.32717786763578616, "trend_label": "Stable", "top_market_iso3": "ITA", "top_market_exports_usd": 7758709.776333525, "top_market_share_pct": 78.06126217907874, "destination_hhi": 6139.159587261998, "weighted_share_latest_pct": 30.64207395452103, "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 2.77731305927349, "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.9512313843636458, "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 90.77225560453351, "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 55.056179775280896, "data_freshness_years": 0, "coverage_score": 90, "confidence_label": "High", "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:08", "source": "api", "product": { "hs_code": 410221, "hs_description": "Skins: raw, of sheep or lambs, pickled (but not tanned, parchment-dressed or further preserved), without wool on", "hs_chapter": 41, "hs_heading": 4102, "substitution_elasticity": -14.166367, "price_range_label": "Low price range", "trade_type_label": "One-way trade" }, "hs_description": "Skins: raw, of sheep or lambs, pickled (but not tanned, parchment-dressed or further preserved), without wool on", "hs_chapter": 41, "hs_heading": 4102, "destinations": [ { "hs_code": 410221, "corridor_rank": 3, "exporter_iso3": "TUR", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "latest_data_year": 2024, "lane_data_years": 30, "exports_latest_observed_usd": 7758709.776333525, "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3600503.7863643756, "exports_avg_3y_usd": 9503765.346595371, "exports_avg_5y_usd": 8128605.437155078, "exports_avg_10y_usd": 6214413.335285723, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.8556837595223863, "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 14.535292295958202, "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -0.16357350797865378, "exports_historical_peak_usd": 11215372.531046435, "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 32037148.344977297, "historical_peak_year": 2022, "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 44.827586206896555, "trend_acceleration_pct": -1.6921102515437325, "trend_label": "Stable", "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -19.204, "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": -2.8011, "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 27.5862, "market_share_latest_pct": 24.217853888827516, "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.16551144012740338, "peer_best_share_pct": 27.585203739608737, "peer_top_exporter": "ZAF", "supplier_count_latest": 28, "buyer_market_hhi": 1892.33, "distance_km": 1373.2696533203125, "has_reported_fta": 1, "applied_tariff_pct": 0.041587624425541425, "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.05178782842248142, "volatility_cv": 0.9382644596859848, "max_drawdown_pct": 94.868857841676, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Buyer demand is declining in both recent and longer-term observations", "risk_driver_labels": "['declining_buyer_demand']", "signal_flag": "Growing", "confidence_label": "High", "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25" }, { "hs_code": 410221, "corridor_rank": 22, "exporter_iso3": "TUR", "importer_iso3": "PAK", "latest_data_year": 2024, "lane_data_years": 23, "exports_latest_observed_usd": 216885.1268676043, "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 114266.6126726276, "exports_avg_3y_usd": 147993.1531535016, "exports_avg_5y_usd": 96220.7392471096, "exports_avg_10y_usd": 100644.05251870834, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 127.28772426391046, "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 2.823181323590007, "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -5.29025617274187, "exports_historical_peak_usd": 373493.5889968458, "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13465221.536804253, "historical_peak_year": 2014, "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50, "trend_acceleration_pct": 132.57798043665233, "trend_label": "Rapid growth", "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 14.1385, "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 41.4921, "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241, "market_share_latest_pct": 1.6107059677762894, "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.14616447023974022, "peer_best_share_pct": 59.26262461088921, "peer_top_exporter": "IRN", "supplier_count_latest": 14, "buyer_market_hhi": 4141.42, "distance_km": 3950.77490234375, "has_reported_fta": 0, "applied_tariff_pct": 0.40066892480202015, "tariff_advantage_pp": -0.10731801564242427, "volatility_cv": 1.0323476815101489, "max_drawdown_pct": 99.9178308428167, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']", "signal_flag": "Growing", "confidence_label": "High", "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25" } ], "priceSummary": { "exporter_iso3": "TUR", "hs_code": 410221, "num_markets": 24, "highest_price_importer_iso3": "USA", "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 3304000, "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GBR", "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 1008.077123501824, "median_price_across_markets": 4347.193347193347, "price_spread_pct": 75979.87158792901, "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 201.2501276595745, "total_trade_value_usd": 48332117 }, "history": [ { "year": 2010, "export_value_usd": 1986451.3094200217, "active_destinations": 6, "yoy_growth_pct": 1.2249432378248986 }, { "year": 2011, "export_value_usd": 3754063.6374883815, "active_destinations": 11, "yoy_growth_pct": 88.98342082114483 }, { "year": 2012, "export_value_usd": 8964963.686005797, "active_destinations": 10, "yoy_growth_pct": 138.80691836123788 }, { "year": 2013, "export_value_usd": 13252382.509997053, "active_destinations": 8, "yoy_growth_pct": 47.824162753540946 }, { "year": 2014, "export_value_usd": 10349815.013807783, "active_destinations": 9, "yoy_growth_pct": -21.902231496862488 }, { "year": 2015, "export_value_usd": 8504226.235243544, "active_destinations": 9, "yoy_growth_pct": -17.832094352430666 }, { "year": 2016, "export_value_usd": 6112690.548008287, "active_destinations": 10, "yoy_growth_pct": -28.121731725858396 }, { "year": 2017, "export_value_usd": 4416878.128378329, "active_destinations": 9, "yoy_growth_pct": -27.74248763799288 }, { "year": 2018, "export_value_usd": 4297407.465116283, "active_destinations": 8, "yoy_growth_pct": -2.7048666453903265 }, { "year": 2019, "export_value_usd": 5537465.945149517, "active_destinations": 10, "yoy_growth_pct": 28.855967001017884 }, { "year": 2020, "export_value_usd": 4355950.202396872, "active_destinations": 11, "yoy_growth_pct": -21.336758626706864 }, { "year": 2021, "export_value_usd": 9007103.267896937, "active_destinations": 16, "yoy_growth_pct": 106.77700270633848 }, { "year": 2022, "export_value_usd": 12643569.225467771, "active_destinations": 13, "yoy_growth_pct": 40.37331258909736 }, { "year": 2023, "export_value_usd": 10074612.357320575, "active_destinations": 10, "yoy_growth_pct": -20.318288470098942 }, { "year": 2024, "export_value_usd": 8608242.963403584, "active_destinations": 57, "yoy_growth_pct": -14.555094944685132 } ], "economy": { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "TUR", "exports_usd": 266453183406.02615, "imports_usd": 320288758005.0291, "trade_balance_usd": -53835574599.00296, "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 2.4581553310775606, "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -5.299584534146251, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.508421595949886, "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.794190638166554, "export_partner_hhi": 316.3490925648709, "export_product_hhi": 60.710408947970876, "momentum_score": 3.3732352105392582, "risk_score": 1.8852975075642087, "gdp_million_usd": 1359123.7687741222, "gdp_per_capita_usd": 15892.715728724077, "population": 85518661, "labor_force": 34752.89, "investment_rate_pct": 27.54, "savings_rate_pct": 23.29, "secondary_education_pct": 65.14, "tertiary_education_pct": 11.93, "total_factor_productivity": 1356.29, "trade_openness_pct": 37.873145419129656, "exports_gdp_pct": 17.199077567657092, "num_active_partners": 270, "num_fta_partners": 46, "num_wto_partners": 169, "num_eu_partners": 28, "num_shared_border_partners": 8, "num_shared_language_partners": 1, "avg_partner_distance_km": 6497.526748971193, "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193, "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769, "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null, "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null, "pct_partners_with_fta": 17.037037037037038, "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.3703703703703704, "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.9629629629629632, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1335110138343466, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13763990318574762, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.040500587572199306, "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09713931561354831, "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6524.584306311585, "num_border_partners": 200, "num_colonial_partners": 355, "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.839634282742692, "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.77319587628865, "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6944704779756323, "real_market_potential": 99877.51048295038, "foreign_market_potential": 20872.279524361467 }, "countryMap": {} }, "product": { "hs_code": "410221", "hs_description": "Skins: raw, of sheep or lambs, pickled (but not tanned, parchment-dressed or further preserved), without wool on", "hs_chapter": 41, "hs_heading": 4102 }, "destinations": [ { "hs_code": 410221, "corridor_rank": 3, "exporter_iso3": "TUR", "importer_iso3": "ITA", "latest_data_year": 2024, "lane_data_years": 30, "exports_latest_observed_usd": 7758709.776333525, "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3600503.7863643756, "exports_avg_3y_usd": 9503765.346595371, "exports_avg_5y_usd": 8128605.437155078, "exports_avg_10y_usd": 6214413.335285723, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.8556837595223863, "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 14.535292295958202, "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -0.16357350797865378, "exports_historical_peak_usd": 11215372.531046435, "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 32037148.344977297, "historical_peak_year": 2022, "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 44.827586206896555, "trend_acceleration_pct": -1.6921102515437325, "trend_label": "Stable", "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -19.204, "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": -2.8011, "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 27.5862, "market_share_latest_pct": 24.217853888827516, "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.16551144012740338, "peer_best_share_pct": 27.585203739608737, "peer_top_exporter": "ZAF", "supplier_count_latest": 28, "buyer_market_hhi": 1892.33, "distance_km": 1373.2696533203125, "has_reported_fta": 1, "applied_tariff_pct": 0.041587624425541425, "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.05178782842248142, "volatility_cv": 0.9382644596859848, "max_drawdown_pct": 94.868857841676, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Buyer demand is declining in both recent and longer-term observations", "risk_driver_labels": "['declining_buyer_demand']", "signal_flag": "Growing", "confidence_label": "High", "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25" }, { "hs_code": 410221, "corridor_rank": 22, "exporter_iso3": "TUR", "importer_iso3": "PAK", "latest_data_year": 2024, "lane_data_years": 23, "exports_latest_observed_usd": 216885.1268676043, "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 114266.6126726276, "exports_avg_3y_usd": 147993.1531535016, "exports_avg_5y_usd": 96220.7392471096, "exports_avg_10y_usd": 100644.05251870834, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 127.28772426391046, "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 2.823181323590007, "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -5.29025617274187, "exports_historical_peak_usd": 373493.5889968458, "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13465221.536804253, "historical_peak_year": 2014, "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50, "trend_acceleration_pct": 132.57798043665233, "trend_label": "Rapid growth", "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 14.1385, "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 41.4921, "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241, "market_share_latest_pct": 1.6107059677762894, "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.14616447023974022, "peer_best_share_pct": 59.26262461088921, "peer_top_exporter": "IRN", "supplier_count_latest": 14, "buyer_market_hhi": 4141.42, "distance_km": 3950.77490234375, "has_reported_fta": 0, "applied_tariff_pct": 0.40066892480202015, "tariff_advantage_pp": -0.10731801564242427, "volatility_cv": 1.0323476815101489, "max_drawdown_pct": 99.9178308428167, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']", "signal_flag": "Growing", "confidence_label": "High", "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25" } ], "prices": [], "priceSummary": { "exporter_iso3": "TUR", "hs_code": 410221, "num_markets": 24, "highest_price_importer_iso3": "USA", "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 3304000, "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GBR", "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 1008.077123501824, "median_price_across_markets": 4347.193347193347, "price_spread_pct": 75979.87158792901, "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 201.2501276595745, "total_trade_value_usd": 48332117 }, "history": [ { "year": 2010, "export_value_usd": 1986451.3094200217, "active_destinations": 6, "yoy_growth_pct": 1.2249432378248986 }, { "year": 2011, "export_value_usd": 3754063.6374883815, "active_destinations": 11, "yoy_growth_pct": 88.98342082114483 }, { "year": 2012, "export_value_usd": 8964963.686005797, "active_destinations": 10, "yoy_growth_pct": 138.80691836123788 }, { "year": 2013, "export_value_usd": 13252382.509997053, "active_destinations": 8, "yoy_growth_pct": 47.824162753540946 }, { "year": 2014, "export_value_usd": 10349815.013807783, "active_destinations": 9, "yoy_growth_pct": -21.902231496862488 }, { "year": 2015, "export_value_usd": 8504226.235243544, "active_destinations": 9, "yoy_growth_pct": -17.832094352430666 }, { "year": 2016, "export_value_usd": 6112690.548008287, "active_destinations": 10, "yoy_growth_pct": -28.121731725858396 }, { "year": 2017, "export_value_usd": 4416878.128378329, "active_destinations": 9, "yoy_growth_pct": -27.74248763799288 }, { "year": 2018, "export_value_usd": 4297407.465116283, "active_destinations": 8, "yoy_growth_pct": -2.7048666453903265 }, { "year": 2019, "export_value_usd": 5537465.945149517, "active_destinations": 10, "yoy_growth_pct": 28.855967001017884 }, { "year": 2020, "export_value_usd": 4355950.202396872, "active_destinations": 11, "yoy_growth_pct": -21.336758626706864 }, { "year": 2021, "export_value_usd": 9007103.267896937, "active_destinations": 16, "yoy_growth_pct": 106.77700270633848 }, { "year": 2022, "export_value_usd": 12643569.225467771, "active_destinations": 13, "yoy_growth_pct": 40.37331258909736 }, { "year": 2023, "export_value_usd": 10074612.357320575, "active_destinations": 10, "yoy_growth_pct": -20.318288470098942 }, { "year": 2024, "export_value_usd": 8608242.963403584, "active_destinations": 57, "yoy_growth_pct": -14.555094944685132 } ], "economy": { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "TUR", "exports_usd": 266453183406.02615, "imports_usd": 320288758005.0291, "trade_balance_usd": -53835574599.00296, "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 2.4581553310775606, "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -5.299584534146251, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.508421595949886, "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.794190638166554, "export_partner_hhi": 316.3490925648709, "export_product_hhi": 60.710408947970876, "momentum_score": 3.3732352105392582, "risk_score": 1.8852975075642087, "gdp_million_usd": 1359123.7687741222, "gdp_per_capita_usd": 15892.715728724077, "population": 85518661, "labor_force": 34752.89, "investment_rate_pct": 27.54, "savings_rate_pct": 23.29, "secondary_education_pct": 65.14, "tertiary_education_pct": 11.93, "total_factor_productivity": 1356.29, "trade_openness_pct": 37.873145419129656, "exports_gdp_pct": 17.199077567657092, "num_active_partners": 270, "num_fta_partners": 46, "num_wto_partners": 169, "num_eu_partners": 28, "num_shared_border_partners": 8, "num_shared_language_partners": 1, "avg_partner_distance_km": 6497.526748971193, "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193, "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769, "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null, "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null, "pct_partners_with_fta": 17.037037037037038, "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.3703703703703704, "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.9629629629629632, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1335110138343466, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13763990318574762, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.040500587572199306, "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09713931561354831, "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6524.584306311585, "num_border_partners": 200, "num_colonial_partners": 355, "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.839634282742692, "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.77319587628865, "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6944704779756323, "real_market_potential": 99877.51048295038, "foreign_market_potential": 20872.279524361467 } } ```