{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/tur/321511",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/321511",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/tur/321511",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "321511",
    "exporter_iso3": "TUR",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 148,
    "current_lane_count": 114,
    "active_market_count": 114,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 11711642.11950357,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 11547480.536920948,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 12548180.014888108,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 10594697.072708923,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 8906587.330061466,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 6.544998766664745,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 14.204973194076898,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 13.812108300248216,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 5160933.808576021,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 26253659.34254172,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 72.41379310344827,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -7.267109533583471,
    "trend_label": "Growing",
    "top_market_iso3": "RUS",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 4290360.075247157,
    "top_market_share_pct": 36.63329216747801,
    "destination_hhi": 1465.2232271772536,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 17.87986427576584,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -0.2729946626071634,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.5181681613529503,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 90.41576862627893,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 24.324324324324323,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:08",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 321511,
      "hs_description": "Ink: for printing, black, whether or not concentrated or solid",
      "hs_chapter": 32,
      "hs_heading": 3215,
      "substitution_elasticity": -2.7772033,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way vertical trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Ink: for printing, black, whether or not concentrated or solid",
    "hs_chapter": 32,
    "hs_heading": 3215,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 321511,
        "corridor_rank": 68,
        "exporter_iso3": "TUR",
        "importer_iso3": "RUS",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 29,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 4290360.075247157,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 823641.0377179506,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 5845046.5430309875,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 3671977.2664292417,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2047266.1091855646,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 105.31967909628652,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 77.54426388725987,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 27.989070175635412,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 6673253.503605029,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 14519389.442091571,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 53.57142857142857,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 77.33060892065112,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -25.7281,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 10.2084,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 29.549176928951603,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -4.066524802711292,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 29.549176928951603,
        "peer_top_exporter": "TUR",
        "supplier_count_latest": 24,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1856.67,
        "distance_km": 1757.7095947265625,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.08969909843678162,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.013839591919540234,
        "volatility_cv": 2.1268038696678815,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 93.36584266323713,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "TUR",
      "hs_code": 321511,
      "num_markets": 129,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ETH",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 719292.6829268292,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GMB",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 43.833333333333336,
      "median_price_across_markets": 4734.188334504568,
      "price_spread_pct": 15192.65392023668,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 29.065815573770486,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 51799565
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 2106272.1227957997,
        "active_destinations": 63,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 21.353910421445967
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 2265769.86239318,
        "active_destinations": 68,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.572513440745151
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 2332809.396878011,
        "active_destinations": 64,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 2.9587971663645405
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 2806293.2574014803,
        "active_destinations": 71,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 20.296722962327344
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 3166668.152460024,
        "active_destinations": 75,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 12.841669134473749
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 7096127.184984456,
        "active_destinations": 79,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 124.0881217525693
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 8681347.659377204,
        "active_destinations": 84,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 22.33923424804316
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 8761507.929519475,
        "active_destinations": 92,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.9233620549187971
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 5609632.942109067,
        "active_destinations": 97,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -35.97411556053083
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 5943772.221079827,
        "active_destinations": 101,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.956526610903942
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 5781481.245467386,
        "active_destinations": 99,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -2.730437331310739
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 9547464.073412899,
        "active_destinations": 104,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 65.13871909379624
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 13233659.733071905,
        "active_destinations": 111,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 38.609159786461646
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 12863399.774671478,
        "active_destinations": 105,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -2.797865185207378
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 11547480.536920948,
        "active_destinations": 114,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -10.22994900882755
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "TUR",
      "exports_usd": 266453183406.02615,
      "imports_usd": 320288758005.0291,
      "trade_balance_usd": -53835574599.00296,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 2.4581553310775606,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -5.299584534146251,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.508421595949886,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.794190638166554,
      "export_partner_hhi": 316.3490925648709,
      "export_product_hhi": 60.710408947970876,
      "momentum_score": 3.3732352105392582,
      "risk_score": 1.8852975075642087,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1359123.7687741222,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 15892.715728724077,
      "population": 85518661,
      "labor_force": 34752.89,
      "investment_rate_pct": 27.54,
      "savings_rate_pct": 23.29,
      "secondary_education_pct": 65.14,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 11.93,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1356.29,
      "trade_openness_pct": 37.873145419129656,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 17.199077567657092,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 46,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 1,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6497.526748971193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 17.037037037037038,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.3703703703703704,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.9629629629629632,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1335110138343466,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13763990318574762,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.040500587572199306,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09713931561354831,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6524.584306311585,
      "num_border_partners": 200,
      "num_colonial_partners": 355,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.839634282742692,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.77319587628865,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6944704779756323,
      "real_market_potential": 99877.51048295038,
      "foreign_market_potential": 20872.279524361467
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "321511",
    "hs_description": "Ink: for printing, black, whether or not concentrated or solid",
    "hs_chapter": 32,
    "hs_heading": 3215
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 321511,
      "corridor_rank": 68,
      "exporter_iso3": "TUR",
      "importer_iso3": "RUS",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 29,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 4290360.075247157,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 823641.0377179506,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 5845046.5430309875,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 3671977.2664292417,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2047266.1091855646,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 105.31967909628652,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 77.54426388725987,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 27.989070175635412,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 6673253.503605029,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 14519389.442091571,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 53.57142857142857,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 77.33060892065112,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -25.7281,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 10.2084,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 29.549176928951603,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -4.066524802711292,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 29.549176928951603,
      "peer_top_exporter": "TUR",
      "supplier_count_latest": 24,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1856.67,
      "distance_km": 1757.7095947265625,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.08969909843678162,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.013839591919540234,
      "volatility_cv": 2.1268038696678815,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 93.36584266323713,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "TUR",
    "hs_code": 321511,
    "num_markets": 129,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ETH",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 719292.6829268292,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GMB",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 43.833333333333336,
    "median_price_across_markets": 4734.188334504568,
    "price_spread_pct": 15192.65392023668,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 29.065815573770486,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 51799565
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 2106272.1227957997,
      "active_destinations": 63,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 21.353910421445967
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 2265769.86239318,
      "active_destinations": 68,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.572513440745151
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 2332809.396878011,
      "active_destinations": 64,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.9587971663645405
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 2806293.2574014803,
      "active_destinations": 71,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 20.296722962327344
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 3166668.152460024,
      "active_destinations": 75,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.841669134473749
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 7096127.184984456,
      "active_destinations": 79,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 124.0881217525693
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 8681347.659377204,
      "active_destinations": 84,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.33923424804316
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 8761507.929519475,
      "active_destinations": 92,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.9233620549187971
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 5609632.942109067,
      "active_destinations": 97,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -35.97411556053083
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 5943772.221079827,
      "active_destinations": 101,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.956526610903942
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 5781481.245467386,
      "active_destinations": 99,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.730437331310739
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 9547464.073412899,
      "active_destinations": 104,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 65.13871909379624
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 13233659.733071905,
      "active_destinations": 111,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 38.609159786461646
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 12863399.774671478,
      "active_destinations": 105,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.797865185207378
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 11547480.536920948,
      "active_destinations": 114,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.22994900882755
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "TUR",
    "exports_usd": 266453183406.02615,
    "imports_usd": 320288758005.0291,
    "trade_balance_usd": -53835574599.00296,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 2.4581553310775606,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -5.299584534146251,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.508421595949886,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.794190638166554,
    "export_partner_hhi": 316.3490925648709,
    "export_product_hhi": 60.710408947970876,
    "momentum_score": 3.3732352105392582,
    "risk_score": 1.8852975075642087,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1359123.7687741222,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 15892.715728724077,
    "population": 85518661,
    "labor_force": 34752.89,
    "investment_rate_pct": 27.54,
    "savings_rate_pct": 23.29,
    "secondary_education_pct": 65.14,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 11.93,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1356.29,
    "trade_openness_pct": 37.873145419129656,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 17.199077567657092,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 46,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 1,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6497.526748971193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 17.037037037037038,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.3703703703703704,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.9629629629629632,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1335110138343466,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13763990318574762,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.040500587572199306,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09713931561354831,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6524.584306311585,
    "num_border_partners": 200,
    "num_colonial_partners": 355,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.839634282742692,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.77319587628865,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6944704779756323,
    "real_market_potential": 99877.51048295038,
    "foreign_market_potential": 20872.279524361467
  }
}