{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/tur/283190",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/283190",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/tur/283190",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "283190",
    "exporter_iso3": "TUR",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 121,
    "current_lane_count": 27,
    "active_market_count": 27,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 1045081.0918959016,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 610040.2929647658,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 484935.17241883307,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 483158.24613849295,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 386635.19846549677,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.5969687204769536,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 10.952139949622431,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 15.396779900953383,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 434433.9981868554,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 1592273.5156348306,
    "historical_peak_year": 2021,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 68.96551724137932,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -15.993748621430337,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "top_market_iso3": "SAU",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 294798.12563734053,
    "top_market_share_pct": 28.208158000690798,
    "destination_hhi": 1466.8102536216024,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 59.90059581677631,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 24.410173388218006,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.4741294950614183,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 60.29136547250659,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 69.42148760330579,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 83.5,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:08",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 283190,
      "hs_description": "Dithionites and sulphoxylates: other than sodium",
      "hs_chapter": 28,
      "hs_heading": 2831,
      "substitution_elasticity": -23.805513,
      "price_range_label": "Unclassified",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Dithionites and sulphoxylates: other than sodium",
    "hs_chapter": 28,
    "hs_heading": 2831,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 283190,
        "corridor_rank": 4,
        "exporter_iso3": "TUR",
        "importer_iso3": "PAK",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 16,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 83902.05482922707,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 11822.216994761677,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 48720.84665707735,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 36657.92866723374,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 23556.674230844914,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 463.3945888208629,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 32.40891278009301,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 143.12895897313172,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 83902.05482922707,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 10628518.927850757,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 320.2656298477312,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -13.851,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 13.764,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.7894049528328149,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.47020667956045636,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 99.21059504716719,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 2,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 9843.37,
        "distance_km": 3950.77490234375,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.40066892480202015,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": -0.10731801564242427,
        "volatility_cv": 1.8362245585932064,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 97.72412668633417,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "TUR",
      "hs_code": 283190,
      "num_markets": 36,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CIV",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 25250,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SEN",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 216.99357925217174,
      "median_price_across_markets": 7332.56,
      "price_spread_pct": 341.39518013828496,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 8.904512195121951,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 2078777
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 324808.6712195795,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 879.0464792041092
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 17468.86580445801,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -94.62179819927017
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 20691.769565602935,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 18.449416219812317
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 89843.29117901198,
        "active_destinations": 21,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 334.19820085549094
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 145687.274666811,
        "active_destinations": 20,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 62.157099049867114
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 133201.9801401469,
        "active_destinations": 19,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -8.56992798802652
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 285782.1010078426,
        "active_destinations": 25,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 114.54793743093032
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 313278.95505462145,
        "active_destinations": 20,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.621615192067011
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 355487.0015071119,
        "active_destinations": 29,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 13.472991329765927
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 362810.7162527803,
        "active_destinations": 30,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 2.0601919942554874
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 339888.4211010254,
        "active_destinations": 19,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -6.317976323440311
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 621097.2923349403,
        "active_destinations": 31,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 82.73564316282808
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 434224.4501339982,
        "active_destinations": 26,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -30.087531294560343
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 410540.7741577356,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -5.454247444830435
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 610040.2929647656,
        "active_destinations": 27,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 48.594325183977816
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "TUR",
      "exports_usd": 266453183406.02615,
      "imports_usd": 320288758005.0291,
      "trade_balance_usd": -53835574599.00296,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 2.4581553310775606,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -5.299584534146251,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.508421595949886,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.794190638166554,
      "export_partner_hhi": 316.3490925648709,
      "export_product_hhi": 60.710408947970876,
      "momentum_score": 3.3732352105392582,
      "risk_score": 1.8852975075642087,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1359123.7687741222,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 15892.715728724077,
      "population": 85518661,
      "labor_force": 34752.89,
      "investment_rate_pct": 27.54,
      "savings_rate_pct": 23.29,
      "secondary_education_pct": 65.14,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 11.93,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1356.29,
      "trade_openness_pct": 37.873145419129656,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 17.199077567657092,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 46,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 1,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6497.526748971193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 17.037037037037038,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.3703703703703704,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.9629629629629632,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1335110138343466,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13763990318574762,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.040500587572199306,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09713931561354831,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6524.584306311585,
      "num_border_partners": 200,
      "num_colonial_partners": 355,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.839634282742692,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.77319587628865,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6944704779756323,
      "real_market_potential": 99877.51048295038,
      "foreign_market_potential": 20872.279524361467
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "283190",
    "hs_description": "Dithionites and sulphoxylates: other than sodium",
    "hs_chapter": 28,
    "hs_heading": 2831
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 283190,
      "corridor_rank": 4,
      "exporter_iso3": "TUR",
      "importer_iso3": "PAK",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 16,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 83902.05482922707,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 11822.216994761677,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 48720.84665707735,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 36657.92866723374,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 23556.674230844914,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 463.3945888208629,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 32.40891278009301,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 143.12895897313172,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 83902.05482922707,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 10628518.927850757,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 320.2656298477312,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -13.851,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 13.764,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.7894049528328149,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.47020667956045636,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 99.21059504716719,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 2,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 9843.37,
      "distance_km": 3950.77490234375,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.40066892480202015,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": -0.10731801564242427,
      "volatility_cv": 1.8362245585932064,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 97.72412668633417,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "TUR",
    "hs_code": 283190,
    "num_markets": 36,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CIV",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 25250,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SEN",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 216.99357925217174,
    "median_price_across_markets": 7332.56,
    "price_spread_pct": 341.39518013828496,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 8.904512195121951,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 2078777
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 324808.6712195795,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 879.0464792041092
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 17468.86580445801,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -94.62179819927017
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 20691.769565602935,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.449416219812317
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 89843.29117901198,
      "active_destinations": 21,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 334.19820085549094
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 145687.274666811,
      "active_destinations": 20,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 62.157099049867114
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 133201.9801401469,
      "active_destinations": 19,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.56992798802652
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 285782.1010078426,
      "active_destinations": 25,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 114.54793743093032
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 313278.95505462145,
      "active_destinations": 20,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.621615192067011
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 355487.0015071119,
      "active_destinations": 29,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.472991329765927
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 362810.7162527803,
      "active_destinations": 30,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.0601919942554874
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 339888.4211010254,
      "active_destinations": 19,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.317976323440311
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 621097.2923349403,
      "active_destinations": 31,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 82.73564316282808
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 434224.4501339982,
      "active_destinations": 26,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -30.087531294560343
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 410540.7741577356,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.454247444830435
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 610040.2929647656,
      "active_destinations": 27,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 48.594325183977816
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "TUR",
    "exports_usd": 266453183406.02615,
    "imports_usd": 320288758005.0291,
    "trade_balance_usd": -53835574599.00296,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 2.4581553310775606,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -5.299584534146251,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.508421595949886,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.794190638166554,
    "export_partner_hhi": 316.3490925648709,
    "export_product_hhi": 60.710408947970876,
    "momentum_score": 3.3732352105392582,
    "risk_score": 1.8852975075642087,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1359123.7687741222,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 15892.715728724077,
    "population": 85518661,
    "labor_force": 34752.89,
    "investment_rate_pct": 27.54,
    "savings_rate_pct": 23.29,
    "secondary_education_pct": 65.14,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 11.93,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1356.29,
    "trade_openness_pct": 37.873145419129656,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 17.199077567657092,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 46,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 1,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6497.526748971193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 17.037037037037038,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.3703703703703704,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.9629629629629632,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1335110138343466,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13763990318574762,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.040500587572199306,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09713931561354831,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6524.584306311585,
    "num_border_partners": 200,
    "num_colonial_partners": 355,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.839634282742692,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.77319587628865,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6944704779756323,
    "real_market_potential": 99877.51048295038,
    "foreign_market_potential": 20872.279524361467
  }
}