{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/rou/851390",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/851390",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/rou/851390",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "851390",
    "exporter_iso3": "ROU",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 66,
    "current_lane_count": 33,
    "active_market_count": 33,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 155745.9629897382,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 102649.70285428973,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 147036.73710774316,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 173270.40555357907,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 158382.91376320523,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -22.502784286178677,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -14.252092397125772,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -9.663857107986074,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 245898.57114893224,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 980028.7978932222,
    "historical_peak_year": 2005,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 41.37931034482759,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -12.838927178192604,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "ESP",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 43217.89667352762,
    "top_market_share_pct": 27.74896751344698,
    "destination_hhi": 1553.1352368767657,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 2.432656501530704,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 1.6218025871514952,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.675982302740972,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 65.12050893214854,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 53.03030303030303,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 86.5,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:49",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 851390,
      "hs_description": "Lamps: parts of portable, electric lamps of heading no. 8513, designed to function by their own source of energy",
      "hs_chapter": 85,
      "hs_heading": 8513,
      "substitution_elasticity": -7.0270824,
      "price_range_label": "Unclassified",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Lamps: parts of portable, electric lamps of heading no. 8513, designed to function by their own source of energy",
    "hs_chapter": 85,
    "hs_heading": 8513,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 851390,
        "corridor_rank": 22,
        "exporter_iso3": "ROU",
        "importer_iso3": "USA",
        "latest_data_year": 2022,
        "lane_data_years": 4,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 29586.607222605264,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 7893.519848424043,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 15190.180668587818,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 15190.180668587818,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 15190.180668587818,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 262.35343556370754,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 116.51073283420175,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 47.14303681595054,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 29586.607222605264,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 10183051.12146689,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 100,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 215.21039874775698,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 6.1525,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.5297,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.20706566272555094,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.2023846982731869,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 69.11563026660016,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 41,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 4902.59,
        "distance_km": null,
        "has_reported_fta": null,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.02360957016666666,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.037023089654828284,
        "volatility_cv": 1.5867167628934524,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','limited_history']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "Low",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ROU",
      "hs_code": 851390,
      "num_markets": 39,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "USA",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 2602875,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GRC",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 1000,
      "median_price_across_markets": 18416.666666666668,
      "price_spread_pct": 14127.828054298641,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.7342636363636365,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 1187484
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 145348.42422630708,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -23.745061387803084
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 187961.00635483116,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 29.317539805024932
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 213581.23624854969,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 13.630609023955149
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 111129.23882190195,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -47.96863208873923
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 283623.53280029114,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 155.21954060607953
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 114868.44429479825,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -59.49967791435664
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 187423.57700641625,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 63.16367663638987
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 94650.48307484265,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -49.49915875759729
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 99102.78020508908,
        "active_destinations": 26,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 4.703934925219429
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 221431.8252830107,
        "active_destinations": 30,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 123.43654216841016
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 204695.70871955928,
        "active_destinations": 29,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -7.558135124461485
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 220546.1077251066,
        "active_destinations": 31,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.7433958458127465
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 181890.31787455193,
        "active_destinations": 30,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -17.527305400799033
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 156570.19059438776,
        "active_destinations": 25,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -13.920547050573203
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 102649.70285428973,
        "active_destinations": 33,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -34.43854001543944
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ROU",
      "exports_usd": 99451443325.58505,
      "imports_usd": 130926140227.07915,
      "trade_balance_usd": -31474696901.494095,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -0.6347016715748333,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 1.6804837252001104,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.71622759049557,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.675984360214881,
      "export_partner_hhi": 664.5447476037892,
      "export_product_hhi": 84.0269255373345,
      "momentum_score": 0.9705771070462876,
      "risk_score": 3.7428583657056187,
      "gdp_million_usd": 382564.21798886574,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 20080.209621559497,
      "population": 19051804,
      "labor_force": null,
      "investment_rate_pct": null,
      "savings_rate_pct": null,
      "secondary_education_pct": null,
      "tertiary_education_pct": null,
      "total_factor_productivity": null,
      "trade_openness_pct": null,
      "exports_gdp_pct": null,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 42,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 1,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6488.864197530864,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 15.555555555555555,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.3703703703703704,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13053703718302664,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13354333916978986,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.032789312931648065,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1007540262381418,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": null,
      "num_border_partners": null,
      "num_colonial_partners": null,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.713665920860928,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.63164108618653,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.715466351829988,
      "real_market_potential": null,
      "foreign_market_potential": null
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "851390",
    "hs_description": "Lamps: parts of portable, electric lamps of heading no. 8513, designed to function by their own source of energy",
    "hs_chapter": 85,
    "hs_heading": 8513
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 851390,
      "corridor_rank": 22,
      "exporter_iso3": "ROU",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "latest_data_year": 2022,
      "lane_data_years": 4,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 29586.607222605264,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 7893.519848424043,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 15190.180668587818,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 15190.180668587818,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 15190.180668587818,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 262.35343556370754,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 116.51073283420175,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 47.14303681595054,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 29586.607222605264,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 10183051.12146689,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 100,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 215.21039874775698,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 6.1525,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.5297,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.20706566272555094,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.2023846982731869,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 69.11563026660016,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 41,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 4902.59,
      "distance_km": null,
      "has_reported_fta": null,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.02360957016666666,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.037023089654828284,
      "volatility_cv": 1.5867167628934524,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','limited_history']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "Low",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ROU",
    "hs_code": 851390,
    "num_markets": 39,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "USA",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 2602875,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GRC",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 1000,
    "median_price_across_markets": 18416.666666666668,
    "price_spread_pct": 14127.828054298641,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.7342636363636365,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 1187484
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 145348.42422630708,
      "active_destinations": 9,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -23.745061387803084
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 187961.00635483116,
      "active_destinations": 12,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 29.317539805024932
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 213581.23624854969,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.630609023955149
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 111129.23882190195,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -47.96863208873923
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 283623.53280029114,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 155.21954060607953
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 114868.44429479825,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -59.49967791435664
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 187423.57700641625,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 63.16367663638987
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 94650.48307484265,
      "active_destinations": 12,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -49.49915875759729
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 99102.78020508908,
      "active_destinations": 26,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.703934925219429
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 221431.8252830107,
      "active_destinations": 30,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 123.43654216841016
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 204695.70871955928,
      "active_destinations": 29,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.558135124461485
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 220546.1077251066,
      "active_destinations": 31,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.7433958458127465
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 181890.31787455193,
      "active_destinations": 30,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -17.527305400799033
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 156570.19059438776,
      "active_destinations": 25,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.920547050573203
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 102649.70285428973,
      "active_destinations": 33,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -34.43854001543944
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ROU",
    "exports_usd": 99451443325.58505,
    "imports_usd": 130926140227.07915,
    "trade_balance_usd": -31474696901.494095,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -0.6347016715748333,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 1.6804837252001104,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.71622759049557,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.675984360214881,
    "export_partner_hhi": 664.5447476037892,
    "export_product_hhi": 84.0269255373345,
    "momentum_score": 0.9705771070462876,
    "risk_score": 3.7428583657056187,
    "gdp_million_usd": 382564.21798886574,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 20080.209621559497,
    "population": 19051804,
    "labor_force": null,
    "investment_rate_pct": null,
    "savings_rate_pct": null,
    "secondary_education_pct": null,
    "tertiary_education_pct": null,
    "total_factor_productivity": null,
    "trade_openness_pct": null,
    "exports_gdp_pct": null,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 42,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 1,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6488.864197530864,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 15.555555555555555,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.3703703703703704,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13053703718302664,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13354333916978986,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.032789312931648065,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1007540262381418,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": null,
    "num_border_partners": null,
    "num_colonial_partners": null,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.713665920860928,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.63164108618653,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.715466351829988,
    "real_market_potential": null,
    "foreign_market_potential": null
  }
}