{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/pol/960860",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/960860",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/pol/960860",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "960860",
    "exporter_iso3": "POL",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 97,
    "current_lane_count": 48,
    "active_market_count": 48,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 1741660.1756141877,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 1700827.7160167284,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2250733.763783455,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 3117806.7528447807,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 3156217.673345648,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -26.338669234786284,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -14.545091476650363,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -2.79223570995637,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 1759363.837081731,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 6429085.733140527,
    "historical_peak_year": 2020,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -23.546433524829915,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "DEU",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 743580.64444075,
    "top_market_share_pct": 42.693784634452584,
    "destination_hhi": 2132.5535766167404,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 5.117420952070806,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -2.3411971710015087,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.178239363769682,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 94.38449658382059,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 48.45360824742268,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:44",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 960860,
      "hs_description": "Pens: ball-point, refills comprising the ball point and ink-reservoir",
      "hs_chapter": 96,
      "hs_heading": 9608,
      "substitution_elasticity": -4.5857863,
      "price_range_label": "Unclassified",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Pens: ball-point, refills comprising the ball point and ink-reservoir",
    "hs_chapter": 96,
    "hs_heading": 9608,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 960860,
        "corridor_rank": 15,
        "exporter_iso3": "POL",
        "importer_iso3": "DEU",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 743580.64444075,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 550942.3251266076,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 963072.3109638001,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1520971.1540422766,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1536417.855035177,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -33.067562728126774,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -15.366913954673667,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -1.3359928173141022,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 2479808.5754948445,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 14398277.689483782,
        "historical_peak_year": 2021,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -31.73156991081267,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 11.4879,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 3.2877,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 5.164372159482983,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.4172459304669038,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 32.30329005725137,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 47,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1860.56,
        "distance_km": 965.921142578125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.03985311450096296,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.03499577089308642,
        "volatility_cv": 1.4064667586160204,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 97.00586474977418,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 960860,
        "corridor_rank": 59,
        "exporter_iso3": "POL",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 21,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 30915.351138853344,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 41569.694431111064,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 75077.33356737305,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 96808.86570668136,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 82572.65364049017,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -33.990212680467394,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -19.89061820647754,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 7.589824466214967,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 151327.00054880633,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 15950157.863773879,
        "historical_peak_year": 2020,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -41.58003714668236,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 35.6656,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.8631,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.19382473454428018,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.469679134118817,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 80.92365582664202,
        "peer_top_exporter": "JPN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 50,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 6606.72,
        "distance_km": 1368.1781005859375,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04061878207569293,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.035555187306783836,
        "volatility_cv": 1.1336681060392368,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 98.15446408397224,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "POL",
      "hs_code": 960860,
      "num_markets": 71,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "MNG",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 461000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GMB",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 135.09316770186334,
      "median_price_across_markets": 68000,
      "price_spread_pct": 677.7425100474973,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 1.121195652173913,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 16663410
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 110626.42539888113,
        "active_destinations": 27,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 68.04750356295139
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 146063.3824621391,
        "active_destinations": 28,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 32.032994770900714
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 110348.36985394584,
        "active_destinations": 31,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -24.451722263415952
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 108006.00717817445,
        "active_destinations": 35,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -2.122698032487188
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 2257619.6504028947,
        "active_destinations": 37,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1990.272300019909
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 2878741.919735418,
        "active_destinations": 42,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 27.512263601252673
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 2886770.666459122,
        "active_destinations": 48,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.2788977597700718
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 3060581.8367289803,
        "active_destinations": 48,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 6.020955259430177
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 3414759.620001835,
        "active_destinations": 44,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 11.572236985219277
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 3732288.9263072237,
        "active_destinations": 49,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.298730851960183
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 4581420.1912367875,
        "active_destinations": 46,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 22.750952075130623
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 4255412.281636748,
        "active_destinations": 50,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -7.115870101232318
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 2775405.5451315697,
        "active_destinations": 47,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -34.77939711956481
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 2275968.030202067,
        "active_destinations": 55,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -17.99511843613567
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 1700827.7160167284,
        "active_destinations": 48,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -25.270140289900116
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "POL",
      "exports_usd": 345528308035.2292,
      "imports_usd": 370840483510.2214,
      "trade_balance_usd": -25312175474.992188,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -1.7020889691577001,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 1.8502491310843805,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.293119907580345,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.7138326915736375,
      "export_partner_hhi": 866.4676912741241,
      "export_product_hhi": 33.59320145326116,
      "momentum_score": 0.0964736938637134,
      "risk_score": 4.500304463636926,
      "gdp_million_usd": 917767.1061467614,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 25103.56566142297,
      "population": 36559233,
      "labor_force": 17518.17,
      "investment_rate_pct": 22.74,
      "savings_rate_pct": 22.35,
      "secondary_education_pct": 93.76,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 23.91,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1330.24,
      "trade_openness_pct": 97.73493533911838,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 47.140784526367135,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 0,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6587.930041152264,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.9629629629629632,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13036191478838852,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13331036189447393,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02827914657674222,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10503121531773171,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6591.0833269135055,
      "num_border_partners": 190,
      "num_colonial_partners": 40,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.795061602369469,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.87575899112564,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.685660906118636,
      "real_market_potential": 245814.10104316942,
      "foreign_market_potential": 20261.573999416476
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "960860",
    "hs_description": "Pens: ball-point, refills comprising the ball point and ink-reservoir",
    "hs_chapter": 96,
    "hs_heading": 9608
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 960860,
      "corridor_rank": 15,
      "exporter_iso3": "POL",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 743580.64444075,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 550942.3251266076,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 963072.3109638001,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1520971.1540422766,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1536417.855035177,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -33.067562728126774,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -15.366913954673667,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -1.3359928173141022,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 2479808.5754948445,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 14398277.689483782,
      "historical_peak_year": 2021,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -31.73156991081267,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 11.4879,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 3.2877,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 5.164372159482983,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.4172459304669038,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 32.30329005725137,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 47,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1860.56,
      "distance_km": 965.921142578125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.03985311450096296,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.03499577089308642,
      "volatility_cv": 1.4064667586160204,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 97.00586474977418,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 960860,
      "corridor_rank": 59,
      "exporter_iso3": "POL",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 21,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 30915.351138853344,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 41569.694431111064,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 75077.33356737305,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 96808.86570668136,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 82572.65364049017,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -33.990212680467394,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -19.89061820647754,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 7.589824466214967,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 151327.00054880633,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 15950157.863773879,
      "historical_peak_year": 2020,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -41.58003714668236,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 35.6656,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.8631,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.19382473454428018,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.469679134118817,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 80.92365582664202,
      "peer_top_exporter": "JPN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 50,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 6606.72,
      "distance_km": 1368.1781005859375,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04061878207569293,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.035555187306783836,
      "volatility_cv": 1.1336681060392368,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 98.15446408397224,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "POL",
    "hs_code": 960860,
    "num_markets": 71,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "MNG",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 461000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GMB",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 135.09316770186334,
    "median_price_across_markets": 68000,
    "price_spread_pct": 677.7425100474973,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 1.121195652173913,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 16663410
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 110626.42539888113,
      "active_destinations": 27,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 68.04750356295139
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 146063.3824621391,
      "active_destinations": 28,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 32.032994770900714
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 110348.36985394584,
      "active_destinations": 31,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -24.451722263415952
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 108006.00717817445,
      "active_destinations": 35,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.122698032487188
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 2257619.6504028947,
      "active_destinations": 37,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1990.272300019909
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 2878741.919735418,
      "active_destinations": 42,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 27.512263601252673
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 2886770.666459122,
      "active_destinations": 48,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.2788977597700718
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 3060581.8367289803,
      "active_destinations": 48,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.020955259430177
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 3414759.620001835,
      "active_destinations": 44,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.572236985219277
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 3732288.9263072237,
      "active_destinations": 49,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.298730851960183
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 4581420.1912367875,
      "active_destinations": 46,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.750952075130623
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 4255412.281636748,
      "active_destinations": 50,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.115870101232318
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 2775405.5451315697,
      "active_destinations": 47,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -34.77939711956481
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 2275968.030202067,
      "active_destinations": 55,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -17.99511843613567
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 1700827.7160167284,
      "active_destinations": 48,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -25.270140289900116
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "POL",
    "exports_usd": 345528308035.2292,
    "imports_usd": 370840483510.2214,
    "trade_balance_usd": -25312175474.992188,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -1.7020889691577001,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 1.8502491310843805,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.293119907580345,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.7138326915736375,
    "export_partner_hhi": 866.4676912741241,
    "export_product_hhi": 33.59320145326116,
    "momentum_score": 0.0964736938637134,
    "risk_score": 4.500304463636926,
    "gdp_million_usd": 917767.1061467614,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 25103.56566142297,
    "population": 36559233,
    "labor_force": 17518.17,
    "investment_rate_pct": 22.74,
    "savings_rate_pct": 22.35,
    "secondary_education_pct": 93.76,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 23.91,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1330.24,
    "trade_openness_pct": 97.73493533911838,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 47.140784526367135,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 0,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6587.930041152264,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.9629629629629632,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13036191478838852,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13331036189447393,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02827914657674222,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10503121531773171,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6591.0833269135055,
    "num_border_partners": 190,
    "num_colonial_partners": 40,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.795061602369469,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.87575899112564,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.685660906118636,
    "real_market_potential": 245814.10104316942,
    "foreign_market_potential": 20261.573999416476
  }
}