{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/pol/844391",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/844391",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/pol/844391",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "844391",
    "exporter_iso3": "POL",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 134,
    "current_lane_count": 101,
    "active_market_count": 101,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 21471548.281907827,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 21399181.292570297,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 17988859.745721877,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 16772472.58668657,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 14904294.604375148,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 8.138273877325041,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 7.5586453204020465,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 7.110784550105409,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 9200643.024759835,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 35546662.94373974,
    "historical_peak_year": 2024,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 1.027489327219632,
    "trend_label": "Growing",
    "top_market_iso3": "DEU",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 8225694.694971466,
    "top_market_share_pct": 38.30974174276259,
    "destination_hhi": 1720.1018975269267,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 5.314627949269439,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 2.2041149495756684,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.1776895668381155,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 93.85507229369092,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 23.880597014925375,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:44",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 844391,
      "hs_description": "Printing machinery used for printing by means of plates, cylinders and other printing components of heading 8442: parts and accessories",
      "hs_chapter": 84,
      "hs_heading": 8443,
      "substitution_elasticity": -6.6072173,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null
    },
    "hs_description": "Printing machinery used for printing by means of plates, cylinders and other printing components of heading 8442: parts and accessories",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8443,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 844391,
        "corridor_rank": 52,
        "exporter_iso3": "POL",
        "importer_iso3": "DEU",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 8225694.694971466,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3267745.4090269855,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 7544654.360328612,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 7283508.951256844,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 6581864.31333611,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5052123977071998,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.1621114033683515,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 9.934095383831544,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 8225694.694971466,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 256856443.09744516,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -9.428882986124343,
        "trend_label": "Stable",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -4.0221,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 37.2264,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 44.8276,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 3.202448260895225,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.37074491723928826,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 22.765946619056912,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CZE",
        "supplier_count_latest": 91,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1095.96,
        "distance_km": 965.921142578125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.03985311450096296,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.03499577089308642,
        "volatility_cv": 0.9212932431760585,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 89.36725032512425,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "POL",
      "hs_code": 844391,
      "num_markets": 119,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 5221166.666666667,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 1000,
      "median_price_across_markets": 52353.735373537354,
      "price_spread_pct": 9970.95360898593,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 11.100635746606333,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 79871818
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 7728679.187319696,
        "active_destinations": 70,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.3234832845332734
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 12135051.226537729,
        "active_destinations": 69,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 57.01326102974345
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 10107750.521398354,
        "active_destinations": 71,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -16.70615696047446
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 10200634.008118061,
        "active_destinations": 79,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.9189333128382068
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 10766267.20515981,
        "active_destinations": 78,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.545078831292203
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 9565932.059123483,
        "active_destinations": 80,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -11.149037295498832
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 12039865.748321822,
        "active_destinations": 84,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 25.861919924873728
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 11847443.983323423,
        "active_destinations": 88,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -1.5982052376723506
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 16862148.756666835,
        "active_destinations": 92,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 42.327313641677975
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 14865192.562883038,
        "active_destinations": 90,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -11.842833452612348
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 12973504.38450775,
        "active_destinations": 87,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.725621752782759
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 16922279.311759472,
        "active_destinations": 90,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 30.437226598290085
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 14420377.977778396,
        "active_destinations": 97,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -14.784659252388527
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 18147019.966816936,
        "active_destinations": 96,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 25.84288702266504
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 21399181.292570297,
        "active_destinations": 101,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 17.921186683544516
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "POL",
      "exports_usd": 345528308035.2292,
      "imports_usd": 370840483510.2214,
      "trade_balance_usd": -25312175474.992188,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -1.7020889691577001,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 1.8502491310843805,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.293119907580345,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.7138326915736375,
      "export_partner_hhi": 866.4676912741241,
      "export_product_hhi": 33.59320145326116,
      "momentum_score": 0.0964736938637134,
      "risk_score": 4.500304463636926,
      "gdp_million_usd": 917767.1061467614,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 25103.56566142297,
      "population": 36559233,
      "labor_force": 17518.17,
      "investment_rate_pct": 22.74,
      "savings_rate_pct": 22.35,
      "secondary_education_pct": 93.76,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 23.91,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1330.24,
      "trade_openness_pct": 97.73493533911838,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 47.140784526367135,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 0,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6587.930041152264,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.9629629629629632,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13036191478838852,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13331036189447393,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02827914657674222,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10503121531773171,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6591.0833269135055,
      "num_border_partners": 190,
      "num_colonial_partners": 40,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.795061602369469,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.87575899112564,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.685660906118636,
      "real_market_potential": 245814.10104316942,
      "foreign_market_potential": 20261.573999416476
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "844391",
    "hs_description": "Printing machinery used for printing by means of plates, cylinders and other printing components of heading 8442: parts and accessories",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8443
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 844391,
      "corridor_rank": 52,
      "exporter_iso3": "POL",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 8225694.694971466,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3267745.4090269855,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 7544654.360328612,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 7283508.951256844,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 6581864.31333611,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5052123977071998,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.1621114033683515,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 9.934095383831544,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 8225694.694971466,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 256856443.09744516,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -9.428882986124343,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -4.0221,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 37.2264,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 44.8276,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 3.202448260895225,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.37074491723928826,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 22.765946619056912,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CZE",
      "supplier_count_latest": 91,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1095.96,
      "distance_km": 965.921142578125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.03985311450096296,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.03499577089308642,
      "volatility_cv": 0.9212932431760585,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 89.36725032512425,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "POL",
    "hs_code": 844391,
    "num_markets": 119,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "SGP",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 5221166.666666667,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GHA",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 1000,
    "median_price_across_markets": 52353.735373537354,
    "price_spread_pct": 9970.95360898593,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 11.100635746606333,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 79871818
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 7728679.187319696,
      "active_destinations": 70,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.3234832845332734
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 12135051.226537729,
      "active_destinations": 69,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 57.01326102974345
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 10107750.521398354,
      "active_destinations": 71,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.70615696047446
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 10200634.008118061,
      "active_destinations": 79,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.9189333128382068
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 10766267.20515981,
      "active_destinations": 78,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.545078831292203
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 9565932.059123483,
      "active_destinations": 80,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.149037295498832
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 12039865.748321822,
      "active_destinations": 84,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 25.861919924873728
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 11847443.983323423,
      "active_destinations": 88,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.5982052376723506
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 16862148.756666835,
      "active_destinations": 92,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 42.327313641677975
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 14865192.562883038,
      "active_destinations": 90,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.842833452612348
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 12973504.38450775,
      "active_destinations": 87,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.725621752782759
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 16922279.311759472,
      "active_destinations": 90,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 30.437226598290085
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 14420377.977778396,
      "active_destinations": 97,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.784659252388527
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 18147019.966816936,
      "active_destinations": 96,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 25.84288702266504
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 21399181.292570297,
      "active_destinations": 101,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 17.921186683544516
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "POL",
    "exports_usd": 345528308035.2292,
    "imports_usd": 370840483510.2214,
    "trade_balance_usd": -25312175474.992188,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -1.7020889691577001,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 1.8502491310843805,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.293119907580345,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.7138326915736375,
    "export_partner_hhi": 866.4676912741241,
    "export_product_hhi": 33.59320145326116,
    "momentum_score": 0.0964736938637134,
    "risk_score": 4.500304463636926,
    "gdp_million_usd": 917767.1061467614,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 25103.56566142297,
    "population": 36559233,
    "labor_force": 17518.17,
    "investment_rate_pct": 22.74,
    "savings_rate_pct": 22.35,
    "secondary_education_pct": 93.76,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 23.91,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1330.24,
    "trade_openness_pct": 97.73493533911838,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 47.140784526367135,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 0,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6587.930041152264,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.9629629629629632,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13036191478838852,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13331036189447393,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02827914657674222,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10503121531773171,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6591.0833269135055,
    "num_border_partners": 190,
    "num_colonial_partners": 40,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.795061602369469,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.87575899112564,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.685660906118636,
    "real_market_potential": 245814.10104316942,
    "foreign_market_potential": 20261.573999416476
  }
}