{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/pol/420500",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/420500",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/pol/420500",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "420500",
    "exporter_iso3": "POL",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 141,
    "current_lane_count": 81,
    "active_market_count": 81,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 51749735.55542266,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 51551671.183256924,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 75499528.5241786,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 75604727.84781644,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 92886764.57069306,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -14.945082316238656,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -9.658899250601994,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -8.0498062340715,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 76693262.76724054,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 294068487.01481265,
    "historical_peak_year": 2015,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -6.895276082167156,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "ROU",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 10549964.247686513,
    "top_market_share_pct": 20.386508519232464,
    "destination_hhi": 913.2038990843233,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 12.280565817679287,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -2.7936526243314925,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.1196014234385967,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 95.05088955049857,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 34.04255319148936,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:44",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 420500,
      "hs_description": "Leather articles: n.e.c. in chapter 42, of leather or composition leather",
      "hs_chapter": 42,
      "hs_heading": 4205,
      "substitution_elasticity": -5.131824,
      "price_range_label": "Unclassified",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Leather articles: n.e.c. in chapter 42, of leather or composition leather",
    "hs_chapter": 42,
    "hs_heading": 4205,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 420500,
        "corridor_rank": 45,
        "exporter_iso3": "POL",
        "importer_iso3": "ROU",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 25,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 10549964.247686513,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 9776324.400974175,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 12827360.353778986,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 11284188.924179705,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 18489761.78688138,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.363874455367192,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -6.082190776447616,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -9.072672591859455,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 30273600.00824148,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 193742555.48018777,
        "historical_peak_year": 2018,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 54.166666666666664,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 16.436547047226647,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -18.4952,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 30.386,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 72.4138,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 5.445352066064473,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.22520437465413323,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 27.472871380548874,
        "peer_top_exporter": "SRB",
        "supplier_count_latest": 55,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1563.15,
        "distance_km": null,
        "has_reported_fta": null,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.13328712688888886,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.13328712688888886,
        "volatility_cv": 1.0762607338574153,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 95.53906823039783,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 420500,
        "corridor_rank": 81,
        "exporter_iso3": "POL",
        "importer_iso3": "DEU",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 6339225.408012143,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 19303402.588972304,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 7999822.082917712,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 8459146.431342607,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 11758046.60676806,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -13.41459647902914,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -12.980195211971301,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -6.862444063938566,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 72201438.95471814,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 80564145.17210232,
        "historical_peak_year": 2007,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -6.552152415090573,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 2.121,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 1.8805,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 7.868544244428083,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -2.6960082859722583,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 17.43422360664185,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 99,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 961.64,
        "distance_km": 965.921142578125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.03985311450096296,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.03499577089308642,
        "volatility_cv": 0.7024842524356898,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 91.22008439196364,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Stable",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "POL",
      "hs_code": 420500,
      "num_markets": 112,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "BIH",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 576161.3976705491,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NGA",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 39.926148165243475,
      "median_price_across_markets": 50025,
      "price_spread_pct": 1151.6671094900228,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 20.93665871121718,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 407252479
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 58210161.1088301,
        "active_destinations": 65,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 39.91891390375792
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 71099340.66286844,
        "active_destinations": 69,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 22.142490775692313
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 69630835.1129781,
        "active_destinations": 74,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -2.0654278031262603
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 87321918.00412071,
        "active_destinations": 73,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 25.406966414288007
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 119320828.72919577,
        "active_destinations": 80,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 36.64476394525031
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 127297924.36992598,
        "active_destinations": 79,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 6.685417563462114
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 122116882.26425129,
        "active_destinations": 76,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -4.0700130275641015
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 110172862.1629166,
        "active_destinations": 86,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -9.780809892844115
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 105588883.81090483,
        "active_destinations": 95,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -4.160714591614472
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 85667453.85984956,
        "active_destinations": 89,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -18.866976552883933
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 67744261.41517092,
        "active_destinations": 84,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -20.921822275704212
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 83780792.25137551,
        "active_destinations": 89,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 23.67216130370757
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 92696764.63924588,
        "active_destinations": 89,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 10.64202444054113
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 82250149.75003293,
        "active_destinations": 85,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -11.269665052355098
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 51551671.183256924,
        "active_destinations": 81,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -37.32331024329073
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "POL",
      "exports_usd": 345528308035.2292,
      "imports_usd": 370840483510.2214,
      "trade_balance_usd": -25312175474.992188,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -1.7020889691577001,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 1.8502491310843805,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.293119907580345,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.7138326915736375,
      "export_partner_hhi": 866.4676912741241,
      "export_product_hhi": 33.59320145326116,
      "momentum_score": 0.0964736938637134,
      "risk_score": 4.500304463636926,
      "gdp_million_usd": 917767.1061467614,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 25103.56566142297,
      "population": 36559233,
      "labor_force": 17518.17,
      "investment_rate_pct": 22.74,
      "savings_rate_pct": 22.35,
      "secondary_education_pct": 93.76,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 23.91,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1330.24,
      "trade_openness_pct": 97.73493533911838,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 47.140784526367135,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 0,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6587.930041152264,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.9629629629629632,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13036191478838852,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13331036189447393,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02827914657674222,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10503121531773171,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6591.0833269135055,
      "num_border_partners": 190,
      "num_colonial_partners": 40,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.795061602369469,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.87575899112564,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.685660906118636,
      "real_market_potential": 245814.10104316942,
      "foreign_market_potential": 20261.573999416476
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "420500",
    "hs_description": "Leather articles: n.e.c. in chapter 42, of leather or composition leather",
    "hs_chapter": 42,
    "hs_heading": 4205
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 420500,
      "corridor_rank": 45,
      "exporter_iso3": "POL",
      "importer_iso3": "ROU",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 25,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 10549964.247686513,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 9776324.400974175,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 12827360.353778986,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 11284188.924179705,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 18489761.78688138,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.363874455367192,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -6.082190776447616,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -9.072672591859455,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 30273600.00824148,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 193742555.48018777,
      "historical_peak_year": 2018,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 54.166666666666664,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 16.436547047226647,
      "trend_label": "Growing",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -18.4952,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 30.386,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 72.4138,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 5.445352066064473,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.22520437465413323,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 27.472871380548874,
      "peer_top_exporter": "SRB",
      "supplier_count_latest": 55,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1563.15,
      "distance_km": null,
      "has_reported_fta": null,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.13328712688888886,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.13328712688888886,
      "volatility_cv": 1.0762607338574153,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 95.53906823039783,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 420500,
      "corridor_rank": 81,
      "exporter_iso3": "POL",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 6339225.408012143,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 19303402.588972304,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 7999822.082917712,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 8459146.431342607,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 11758046.60676806,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -13.41459647902914,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -12.980195211971301,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -6.862444063938566,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 72201438.95471814,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 80564145.17210232,
      "historical_peak_year": 2007,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -6.552152415090573,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 2.121,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 1.8805,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 7.868544244428083,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -2.6960082859722583,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 17.43422360664185,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 99,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 961.64,
      "distance_km": 965.921142578125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.03985311450096296,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.03499577089308642,
      "volatility_cv": 0.7024842524356898,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 91.22008439196364,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Stable",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "POL",
    "hs_code": 420500,
    "num_markets": 112,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "BIH",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 576161.3976705491,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NGA",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 39.926148165243475,
    "median_price_across_markets": 50025,
    "price_spread_pct": 1151.6671094900228,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 20.93665871121718,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 407252479
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 58210161.1088301,
      "active_destinations": 65,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 39.91891390375792
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 71099340.66286844,
      "active_destinations": 69,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.142490775692313
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 69630835.1129781,
      "active_destinations": 74,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.0654278031262603
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 87321918.00412071,
      "active_destinations": 73,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 25.406966414288007
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 119320828.72919577,
      "active_destinations": 80,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 36.64476394525031
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 127297924.36992598,
      "active_destinations": 79,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.685417563462114
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 122116882.26425129,
      "active_destinations": 76,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.0700130275641015
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 110172862.1629166,
      "active_destinations": 86,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.780809892844115
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 105588883.81090483,
      "active_destinations": 95,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.160714591614472
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 85667453.85984956,
      "active_destinations": 89,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -18.866976552883933
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 67744261.41517092,
      "active_destinations": 84,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -20.921822275704212
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 83780792.25137551,
      "active_destinations": 89,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 23.67216130370757
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 92696764.63924588,
      "active_destinations": 89,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.64202444054113
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 82250149.75003293,
      "active_destinations": 85,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.269665052355098
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 51551671.183256924,
      "active_destinations": 81,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -37.32331024329073
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "POL",
    "exports_usd": 345528308035.2292,
    "imports_usd": 370840483510.2214,
    "trade_balance_usd": -25312175474.992188,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -1.7020889691577001,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 1.8502491310843805,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.293119907580345,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.7138326915736375,
    "export_partner_hhi": 866.4676912741241,
    "export_product_hhi": 33.59320145326116,
    "momentum_score": 0.0964736938637134,
    "risk_score": 4.500304463636926,
    "gdp_million_usd": 917767.1061467614,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 25103.56566142297,
    "population": 36559233,
    "labor_force": 17518.17,
    "investment_rate_pct": 22.74,
    "savings_rate_pct": 22.35,
    "secondary_education_pct": 93.76,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 23.91,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1330.24,
    "trade_openness_pct": 97.73493533911838,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 47.140784526367135,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 0,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6587.930041152264,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.9629629629629632,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13036191478838852,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13331036189447393,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02827914657674222,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10503121531773171,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6591.0833269135055,
    "num_border_partners": 190,
    "num_colonial_partners": 40,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.795061602369469,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.87575899112564,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.685660906118636,
    "real_market_potential": 245814.10104316942,
    "foreign_market_potential": 20261.573999416476
  }
}