{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/pol/410712",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/410712",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/pol/410712",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "410712",
    "exporter_iso3": "POL",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 73,
    "current_lane_count": 50,
    "active_market_count": 50,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 37688643.57327765,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 37564622.80163241,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 31330225.973801207,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 26216158.358650807,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 22724395.499383904,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 26.79669198180623,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 7.176344617793795,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 12.081305420420252,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 14517145.40630378,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 73339043.98439333,
    "historical_peak_year": 2024,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 72.41379310344827,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 14.715386561385978,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "FRA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 15060734.727367625,
    "top_market_share_pct": 39.960935972888464,
    "destination_hhi": 3064.128000113604,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 11.277583776840196,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 3.923056448770847,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.6298700770292642,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 96.62795178341784,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 30.136986301369863,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:44",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 410712,
      "hs_description": "Leather: further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment-dressed leather, of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on, other than leather of heading 41.14, whole hides and skins, grain splits",
      "hs_chapter": 41,
      "hs_heading": 4107,
      "substitution_elasticity": -7.1337252,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null
    },
    "hs_description": "Leather: further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment-dressed leather, of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on, other than leather of heading 41.14, whole hides and skins, grain splits",
    "hs_chapter": 41,
    "hs_heading": 4107,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 410712,
        "corridor_rank": 30,
        "exporter_iso3": "POL",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 28,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 15060734.727367625,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1600922.4540863782,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 5043898.884038068,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 3033999.2271628818,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 4419889.963284561,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 924.4689308530134,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 18.859915098219737,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 151.89402016681464,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 15060734.727367625,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 115518939.20087174,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.148148148148145,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 772.5749106861988,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 15.1175,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 26.155,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 13.037459339181648,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 12.97994597288147,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 61.37890777294805,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 38,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 4132.22,
        "distance_km": 1368.1781005859375,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04061878207569293,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.035555187306783836,
        "volatility_cv": 2.3456324017163896,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.88844543748418,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 410712,
        "corridor_rank": 33,
        "exporter_iso3": "POL",
        "importer_iso3": "DEU",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 14209850.062911876,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 5465134.500757355,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 17036502.511142325,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 15520224.207798237,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 11289016.45688393,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.7071947352473424,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 0.800590144184099,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 9.386694788434102,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 22014307.185034674,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 125417568.58752352,
        "historical_peak_year": 2023,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -6.67950005318676,
        "trend_label": "Stable",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -8.9511,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 60.6628,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 11.33003152823476,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -4.651600952696851,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 46.33467004975654,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 53,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2687.93,
        "distance_km": 965.921142578125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.03985311450096296,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.03499577089308642,
        "volatility_cv": 1.0134761332390934,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 96.5941444117724,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "POL",
      "hs_code": 410712,
      "num_markets": 60,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "IRL",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 645333.3333333334,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "LBN",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 142.85714285714286,
      "median_price_across_markets": 28788.956310679612,
      "price_spread_pct": 2241.1040859829122,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 13.476356223175966,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 110387395
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 6513284.784498462,
        "active_destinations": 34,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -15.637949360636211
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 12859054.376023792,
        "active_destinations": 36,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 97.42809966836063
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 13369828.586617783,
        "active_destinations": 31,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.972097758186243
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 11724197.743159542,
        "active_destinations": 30,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.308541076625295
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 12007351.56500644,
        "active_destinations": 37,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 2.415123218235586
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 14699551.155389754,
        "active_destinations": 37,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 22.42126064026734
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 17749762.30214288,
        "active_destinations": 37,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 20.75036927664783
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 19851585.88527165,
        "active_destinations": 42,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 11.84141819676662
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 17298823.109728884,
        "active_destinations": 46,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.859238502636302
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 26563440.748051807,
        "active_destinations": 49,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 53.55634646100571
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 18663087.289222807,
        "active_destinations": 44,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -29.74145380397839
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 18427026.582627613,
        "active_destinations": 46,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -1.2648534668297313
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 25639014.594093822,
        "active_destinations": 47,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 39.138099568735804
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 30787040.52567736,
        "active_destinations": 52,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 20.07887593608778
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 37564622.80163241,
        "active_destinations": 50,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 22.01440008597882
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "POL",
      "exports_usd": 345528308035.2292,
      "imports_usd": 370840483510.2214,
      "trade_balance_usd": -25312175474.992188,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -1.7020889691577001,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 1.8502491310843805,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.293119907580345,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.7138326915736375,
      "export_partner_hhi": 866.4676912741241,
      "export_product_hhi": 33.59320145326116,
      "momentum_score": 0.0964736938637134,
      "risk_score": 4.500304463636926,
      "gdp_million_usd": 917767.1061467614,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 25103.56566142297,
      "population": 36559233,
      "labor_force": 17518.17,
      "investment_rate_pct": 22.74,
      "savings_rate_pct": 22.35,
      "secondary_education_pct": 93.76,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 23.91,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1330.24,
      "trade_openness_pct": 97.73493533911838,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 47.140784526367135,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 0,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6587.930041152264,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.9629629629629632,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13036191478838852,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13331036189447393,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02827914657674222,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10503121531773171,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6591.0833269135055,
      "num_border_partners": 190,
      "num_colonial_partners": 40,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.795061602369469,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.87575899112564,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.685660906118636,
      "real_market_potential": 245814.10104316942,
      "foreign_market_potential": 20261.573999416476
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "410712",
    "hs_description": "Leather: further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment-dressed leather, of bovine (including buffalo) or equine animals, without hair on, other than leather of heading 41.14, whole hides and skins, grain splits",
    "hs_chapter": 41,
    "hs_heading": 4107
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 410712,
      "corridor_rank": 30,
      "exporter_iso3": "POL",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 28,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 15060734.727367625,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1600922.4540863782,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 5043898.884038068,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 3033999.2271628818,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 4419889.963284561,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 924.4689308530134,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 18.859915098219737,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 151.89402016681464,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 15060734.727367625,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 115518939.20087174,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.148148148148145,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 772.5749106861988,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 15.1175,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 26.155,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 13.037459339181648,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 12.97994597288147,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 61.37890777294805,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 38,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 4132.22,
      "distance_km": 1368.1781005859375,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04061878207569293,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.035555187306783836,
      "volatility_cv": 2.3456324017163896,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.88844543748418,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 410712,
      "corridor_rank": 33,
      "exporter_iso3": "POL",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 14209850.062911876,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 5465134.500757355,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 17036502.511142325,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 15520224.207798237,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 11289016.45688393,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.7071947352473424,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 0.800590144184099,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 9.386694788434102,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 22014307.185034674,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 125417568.58752352,
      "historical_peak_year": 2023,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -6.67950005318676,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -8.9511,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 60.6628,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 11.33003152823476,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -4.651600952696851,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 46.33467004975654,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 53,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2687.93,
      "distance_km": 965.921142578125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.03985311450096296,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.03499577089308642,
      "volatility_cv": 1.0134761332390934,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 96.5941444117724,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "POL",
    "hs_code": 410712,
    "num_markets": 60,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "IRL",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 645333.3333333334,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "LBN",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 142.85714285714286,
    "median_price_across_markets": 28788.956310679612,
    "price_spread_pct": 2241.1040859829122,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 13.476356223175966,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 110387395
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 6513284.784498462,
      "active_destinations": 34,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -15.637949360636211
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 12859054.376023792,
      "active_destinations": 36,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 97.42809966836063
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 13369828.586617783,
      "active_destinations": 31,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.972097758186243
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 11724197.743159542,
      "active_destinations": 30,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.308541076625295
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 12007351.56500644,
      "active_destinations": 37,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.415123218235586
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 14699551.155389754,
      "active_destinations": 37,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.42126064026734
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 17749762.30214288,
      "active_destinations": 37,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 20.75036927664783
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 19851585.88527165,
      "active_destinations": 42,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.84141819676662
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 17298823.109728884,
      "active_destinations": 46,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.859238502636302
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 26563440.748051807,
      "active_destinations": 49,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 53.55634646100571
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 18663087.289222807,
      "active_destinations": 44,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -29.74145380397839
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 18427026.582627613,
      "active_destinations": 46,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.2648534668297313
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 25639014.594093822,
      "active_destinations": 47,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 39.138099568735804
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 30787040.52567736,
      "active_destinations": 52,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 20.07887593608778
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 37564622.80163241,
      "active_destinations": 50,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.01440008597882
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "POL",
    "exports_usd": 345528308035.2292,
    "imports_usd": 370840483510.2214,
    "trade_balance_usd": -25312175474.992188,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -1.7020889691577001,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 1.8502491310843805,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.293119907580345,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.7138326915736375,
    "export_partner_hhi": 866.4676912741241,
    "export_product_hhi": 33.59320145326116,
    "momentum_score": 0.0964736938637134,
    "risk_score": 4.500304463636926,
    "gdp_million_usd": 917767.1061467614,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 25103.56566142297,
    "population": 36559233,
    "labor_force": 17518.17,
    "investment_rate_pct": 22.74,
    "savings_rate_pct": 22.35,
    "secondary_education_pct": 93.76,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 23.91,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1330.24,
    "trade_openness_pct": 97.73493533911838,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 47.140784526367135,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 0,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6587.930041152264,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.9629629629629632,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13036191478838852,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13331036189447393,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02827914657674222,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10503121531773171,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6591.0833269135055,
    "num_border_partners": 190,
    "num_colonial_partners": 40,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.795061602369469,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.87575899112564,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.685660906118636,
    "real_market_potential": 245814.10104316942,
    "foreign_market_potential": 20261.573999416476
  }
}