{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/pol/321511",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/321511",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/pol/321511",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "321511",
    "exporter_iso3": "POL",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 126,
    "current_lane_count": 88,
    "active_market_count": 88,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 7076496.033210302,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 7046737.958605724,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 6615423.66741581,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 6776753.896505301,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 7207403.987660436,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -2.2129319951922244,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 3.106400306176682,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 6.026099797102802,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 4089993.750628404,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 16744226.80749058,
    "historical_peak_year": 2017,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 68.96551724137932,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -8.239031792295027,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "top_market_iso3": "DEU",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 1413966.2196089432,
    "top_market_share_pct": 19.981163176989554,
    "destination_hhi": 874.559058461604,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 6.808159648717928,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.7956011746036806,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.0965857985276934,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 80.2706734563356,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 30.158730158730158,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:44",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 321511,
      "hs_description": "Ink: for printing, black, whether or not concentrated or solid",
      "hs_chapter": 32,
      "hs_heading": 3215,
      "substitution_elasticity": -2.7772033,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way vertical trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Ink: for printing, black, whether or not concentrated or solid",
    "hs_chapter": 32,
    "hs_heading": 3215,
    "destinations": [],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "POL",
      "hs_code": 321511,
      "num_markets": 102,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1012500,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "THA",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 37.735849056603776,
      "median_price_across_markets": 9783.965709801081,
      "price_spread_pct": 10348.178787428802,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 16.410856020942408,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 36144355
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 1325312.477305944,
        "active_destinations": 43,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 24.07712822272465
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 1621224.4678200448,
        "active_destinations": 49,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 22.327714828100152
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 3763538.1578769716,
        "active_destinations": 57,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 132.14170724536106
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 4860451.669352156,
        "active_destinations": 52,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 29.145805501649498
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 3925186.184581117,
        "active_destinations": 67,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -19.242357467895566
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 6657962.203115045,
        "active_destinations": 65,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 69.62156417621146
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 8794566.094095113,
        "active_destinations": 77,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 32.090958551558316
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 10271193.80231757,
        "active_destinations": 70,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 16.790228107034206
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 6419269.407222559,
        "active_destinations": 80,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -37.502207330815544
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 6047278.887327569,
        "active_destinations": 81,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -5.794904315379719
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 6501447.147855402,
        "active_destinations": 78,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.510291306054527
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 7536051.33242367,
        "active_destinations": 82,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 15.913444515342215
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 7180646.632351565,
        "active_destinations": 80,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -4.716059968208885
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 5618886.411290144,
        "active_destinations": 87,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -21.749576340730837
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 7046737.958605724,
        "active_destinations": 88,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 25.411646415321183
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "POL",
      "exports_usd": 345528308035.2292,
      "imports_usd": 370840483510.2214,
      "trade_balance_usd": -25312175474.992188,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -1.7020889691577001,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 1.8502491310843805,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.293119907580345,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.7138326915736375,
      "export_partner_hhi": 866.4676912741241,
      "export_product_hhi": 33.59320145326116,
      "momentum_score": 0.0964736938637134,
      "risk_score": 4.500304463636926,
      "gdp_million_usd": 917767.1061467614,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 25103.56566142297,
      "population": 36559233,
      "labor_force": 17518.17,
      "investment_rate_pct": 22.74,
      "savings_rate_pct": 22.35,
      "secondary_education_pct": 93.76,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 23.91,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1330.24,
      "trade_openness_pct": 97.73493533911838,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 47.140784526367135,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 0,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6587.930041152264,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.9629629629629632,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13036191478838852,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13331036189447393,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02827914657674222,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10503121531773171,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6591.0833269135055,
      "num_border_partners": 190,
      "num_colonial_partners": 40,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.795061602369469,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.87575899112564,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.685660906118636,
      "real_market_potential": 245814.10104316942,
      "foreign_market_potential": 20261.573999416476
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "321511",
    "hs_description": "Ink: for printing, black, whether or not concentrated or solid",
    "hs_chapter": 32,
    "hs_heading": 3215
  },
  "destinations": [],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "POL",
    "hs_code": 321511,
    "num_markets": 102,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "SGP",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1012500,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "THA",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 37.735849056603776,
    "median_price_across_markets": 9783.965709801081,
    "price_spread_pct": 10348.178787428802,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 16.410856020942408,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 36144355
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 1325312.477305944,
      "active_destinations": 43,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 24.07712822272465
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 1621224.4678200448,
      "active_destinations": 49,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.327714828100152
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 3763538.1578769716,
      "active_destinations": 57,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 132.14170724536106
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 4860451.669352156,
      "active_destinations": 52,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 29.145805501649498
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 3925186.184581117,
      "active_destinations": 67,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -19.242357467895566
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 6657962.203115045,
      "active_destinations": 65,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 69.62156417621146
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 8794566.094095113,
      "active_destinations": 77,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 32.090958551558316
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 10271193.80231757,
      "active_destinations": 70,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 16.790228107034206
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 6419269.407222559,
      "active_destinations": 80,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -37.502207330815544
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 6047278.887327569,
      "active_destinations": 81,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.794904315379719
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 6501447.147855402,
      "active_destinations": 78,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.510291306054527
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 7536051.33242367,
      "active_destinations": 82,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 15.913444515342215
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 7180646.632351565,
      "active_destinations": 80,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.716059968208885
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 5618886.411290144,
      "active_destinations": 87,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -21.749576340730837
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 7046737.958605724,
      "active_destinations": 88,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 25.411646415321183
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "POL",
    "exports_usd": 345528308035.2292,
    "imports_usd": 370840483510.2214,
    "trade_balance_usd": -25312175474.992188,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -1.7020889691577001,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 1.8502491310843805,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.293119907580345,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.7138326915736375,
    "export_partner_hhi": 866.4676912741241,
    "export_product_hhi": 33.59320145326116,
    "momentum_score": 0.0964736938637134,
    "risk_score": 4.500304463636926,
    "gdp_million_usd": 917767.1061467614,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 25103.56566142297,
    "population": 36559233,
    "labor_force": 17518.17,
    "investment_rate_pct": 22.74,
    "savings_rate_pct": 22.35,
    "secondary_education_pct": 93.76,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 23.91,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1330.24,
    "trade_openness_pct": 97.73493533911838,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 47.140784526367135,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 0,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6587.930041152264,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.9629629629629632,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13036191478838852,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13331036189447393,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02827914657674222,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10503121531773171,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6591.0833269135055,
    "num_border_partners": 190,
    "num_colonial_partners": 40,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.795061602369469,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.87575899112564,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.685660906118636,
    "real_market_potential": 245814.10104316942,
    "foreign_market_potential": 20261.573999416476
  }
}