# Pakistan HS 740321 exports | Yugalinks

Explore reported HS 740321 exports from Pakistan: destinations, growth, concentration, prices, and history.

## Exporter position

| Measure | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Exporter | Pakistan |
| HS6 | 740321 |
| Latest exports | $5.8M |
| Active destinations | 7 |
| Three-year growth | -37.3% |
| Destination HHI | 3,513 |
| Weighted share | 3.7% |

## Destination markets

- China: $3.3M; share 0.4%; growth -37.3%

## Price intelligence

- Highest reported market price: Iraq at $27.4K / ton.
- Lowest reported market price: Bahrain at $570.6 / ton.
- Median reported price: $4.2K / ton.
- Price spread: 646.4%.

## Export history

- 2010: $2.1M
- 2011: $1.5M
- 2012: $325.3K
- 2013: $479.9K
- 2014: $1.4M
- 2015: $1.0M
- 2016: $645.4K
- 2017: $6.5M
- 2018: $3.0M
- 2019: $1.3M
- 2020: $7.6M
- 2021: $13.4M
- 2022: $10.6M
- 2023: $9.6M
- 2024: $3.3M

## Methods

Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.

Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed.

## Complete structured values

```json
{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/pak/740321",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/740321",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/pak/740321",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "740321",
    "exporter_iso3": "PAK",
    "first_data_year": 1998,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 68,
    "current_lane_count": 7,
    "active_market_count": 7,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 5801382.824540363,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 3305981.7091116183,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 7817052.993313909,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 8905917.960549619,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5702307.337999415,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -37.340072692458904,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 19.67396955821574,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 9.228707332399221,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 4510660.368904994,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 22322169.45889819,
    "historical_peak_year": 2021,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 46.15384615384615,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -46.56878002485813,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "CHN",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 3288120.12568827,
    "top_market_share_pct": 56.67821319736445,
    "destination_hhi": 3513.4640907994576,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 3.6640526621282614,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.058432963167286585,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.4185718553563453,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 91.6538708621717,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 51.470588235294116,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 73.5,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:40",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 740321,
      "hs_description": "Copper: copper-zinc base alloys (brass) unwrought",
      "hs_chapter": 74,
      "hs_heading": 7403,
      "substitution_elasticity": -39.134525,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way horizontal trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Copper: copper-zinc base alloys (brass) unwrought",
    "hs_chapter": 74,
    "hs_heading": 7403,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 740321,
        "corridor_rank": 63,
        "exporter_iso3": "PAK",
        "importer_iso3": "CHN",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 22,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 3288120.12568827,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 2464561.5190854254,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 7628316.365040849,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 8771386.866207024,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5137967.336853161,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -37.30169153419586,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 20.075833065810066,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 108.89010058117043,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 13340748.680560792,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 825355980.2150661,
        "historical_peak_year": 2021,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 52.38095238095238,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -146.1917921153663,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -6.1016,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 26.4352,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.3983881142814853,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.6694667266128456,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 13.022907885157512,
        "peer_top_exporter": "KOR",
        "supplier_count_latest": 84,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 563.33,
        "distance_km": 3882.87744140625,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.29505102477575756,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.22128940283434342,
        "volatility_cv": 1.5728676071871524,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.73472715713962,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "PAK",
      "hs_code": 740321,
      "num_markets": 20,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "IRQ",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 27407.407407407405,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "BHR",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 570.5882352941176,
      "median_price_across_markets": 4151.724137931034,
      "price_spread_pct": 646.4017906904363,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 252.6733076923077,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 45597390
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 2141153.4355846453,
        "active_destinations": 24,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 60.92280141324346
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 1454012.4327703838,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -32.09209538160149
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 325345.85163140314,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -77.62427305992772
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 479859.85792917194,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 47.492231888920365
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 1367516.2830616676,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 184.9824298625777
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 1034370.061312184,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -24.361408041417853
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 645447.3895905789,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -37.59995443296421
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 6502527.29459643,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 907.4449752939774
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 2964342.3821087475,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -54.4124576828443
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 1346796.44963812,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -54.566771444260496
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 7640549.963935629,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 467.3128976534369
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 13437880.858870732,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 75.87583252906197
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 10575135.096557425,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -21.30355070400498
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 9570042.174272684,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -9.504303378705146
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 3305981.7091116183,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -65.45488881962143
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "PAK",
      "exports_usd": 35181141938.06421,
      "imports_usd": 62273837932.53882,
      "trade_balance_usd": -27092695994.47461,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 5.5001715288244934,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 12.78652901620745,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.624197063826952,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -6.969171931568985,
      "export_partner_hhi": 518.3914291163483,
      "export_product_hhi": 200.54189987167615,
      "momentum_score": 5.537379189325231,
      "risk_score": 3.594666644940122,
      "gdp_million_usd": 371570.0001212658,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 1478.7727797799566,
      "population": 251269164,
      "labor_force": 83541.55,
      "investment_rate_pct": 16.65,
      "savings_rate_pct": 7.46,
      "secondary_education_pct": 49.04,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 8.16,
      "total_factor_productivity": 309.74,
      "trade_openness_pct": 27.384819034121744,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 9.885889942893055,
      "num_active_partners": 1080,
      "num_fta_partners": 18,
      "num_wto_partners": 676,
      "num_eu_partners": 112,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 152,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 7549.876543209876,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212742,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 1.6666666666666667,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 14.074074074074074,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.7407407407407408,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1304561773384991,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.1355130475216751,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.060782053587736966,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.07473099393393812,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 7703.340622551856,
      "num_border_partners": 147,
      "num_colonial_partners": 35,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -9.598561177916803,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 73.17205762435445,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.017124218537646,
      "real_market_potential": 137141.87945829326,
      "foreign_market_potential": 23394.1787152118
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "740321",
    "hs_description": "Copper: copper-zinc base alloys (brass) unwrought",
    "hs_chapter": 74,
    "hs_heading": 7403
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 740321,
      "corridor_rank": 63,
      "exporter_iso3": "PAK",
      "importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 22,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 3288120.12568827,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 2464561.5190854254,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 7628316.365040849,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 8771386.866207024,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5137967.336853161,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -37.30169153419586,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 20.075833065810066,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 108.89010058117043,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 13340748.680560792,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 825355980.2150661,
      "historical_peak_year": 2021,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 52.38095238095238,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -146.1917921153663,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -6.1016,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 26.4352,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.3983881142814853,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.6694667266128456,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 13.022907885157512,
      "peer_top_exporter": "KOR",
      "supplier_count_latest": 84,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 563.33,
      "distance_km": 3882.87744140625,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.29505102477575756,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.22128940283434342,
      "volatility_cv": 1.5728676071871524,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.73472715713962,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "PAK",
    "hs_code": 740321,
    "num_markets": 20,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "IRQ",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 27407.407407407405,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "BHR",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 570.5882352941176,
    "median_price_across_markets": 4151.724137931034,
    "price_spread_pct": 646.4017906904363,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 252.6733076923077,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 45597390
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      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 2141153.4355846453,
      "active_destinations": 24,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 60.92280141324346
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    {
      "year": 2011,
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      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 325345.85163140314,
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      "yoy_growth_pct": -77.62427305992772
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    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 479859.85792917194,
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      "yoy_growth_pct": 47.492231888920365
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    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 1367516.2830616676,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 184.9824298625777
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 1034370.061312184,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -24.361408041417853
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 645447.3895905789,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -37.59995443296421
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    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 6502527.29459643,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 907.4449752939774
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 2964342.3821087475,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -54.4124576828443
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 1346796.44963812,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -54.566771444260496
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 7640549.963935629,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 467.3128976534369
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 13437880.858870732,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 75.87583252906197
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    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 10575135.096557425,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -21.30355070400498
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    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 9570042.174272684,
      "active_destinations": 9,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.504303378705146
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 3305981.7091116183,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -65.45488881962143
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "PAK",
    "exports_usd": 35181141938.06421,
    "imports_usd": 62273837932.53882,
    "trade_balance_usd": -27092695994.47461,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 5.5001715288244934,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 12.78652901620745,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.624197063826952,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -6.969171931568985,
    "export_partner_hhi": 518.3914291163483,
    "export_product_hhi": 200.54189987167615,
    "momentum_score": 5.537379189325231,
    "risk_score": 3.594666644940122,
    "gdp_million_usd": 371570.0001212658,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 1478.7727797799566,
    "population": 251269164,
    "labor_force": 83541.55,
    "investment_rate_pct": 16.65,
    "savings_rate_pct": 7.46,
    "secondary_education_pct": 49.04,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 8.16,
    "total_factor_productivity": 309.74,
    "trade_openness_pct": 27.384819034121744,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 9.885889942893055,
    "num_active_partners": 1080,
    "num_fta_partners": 18,
    "num_wto_partners": 676,
    "num_eu_partners": 112,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 152,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 7549.876543209876,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212742,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 1.6666666666666667,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 14.074074074074074,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.7407407407407408,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1304561773384991,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.1355130475216751,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.060782053587736966,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.07473099393393812,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 7703.340622551856,
    "num_border_partners": 147,
    "num_colonial_partners": 35,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -9.598561177916803,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 73.17205762435445,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.017124218537646,
    "real_market_potential": 137141.87945829326,
    "foreign_market_potential": 23394.1787152118
  }
}
```