# Pakistan HS 731821 exports | Yugalinks

Explore reported HS 731821 exports from Pakistan: destinations, growth, concentration, prices, and history.

## Exporter position

| Measure | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Exporter | Pakistan |
| HS6 | 731821 |
| Latest exports | $291.1K |
| Active destinations | 15 |
| Three-year growth | +236.5% |
| Destination HHI | 7,786 |
| Weighted share | 2.1% |

## Destination markets

No destination observations are available.

## Price intelligence

- Highest reported market price: Indonesia at $938.0K / ton.
- Lowest reported market price: Malaysia at $12.2 / ton.
- Median reported price: $2.6K / ton.
- Price spread: 36,076.5%.

## Export history

- 2010: $5.2K
- 2011: $25.7K
- 2012: $18.0K
- 2013: $23.0K
- 2014: $40.8K
- 2015: $25.3K
- 2016: $15.5K
- 2017: $761.2
- 2018: $41.7K
- 2019: $17.0K
- 2020: $11.2K
- 2021: $6.9K
- 2022: $44.5K
- 2023: $240.2K
- 2024: $264.0K

## Methods

Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.

Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed.

## Complete structured values

```json
{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/pak/731821",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/731821",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/pak/731821",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "731821",
    "exporter_iso3": "PAK",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 66,
    "current_lane_count": 15,
    "active_market_count": 15,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 291148.09343439963,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 263969.8225920597,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 182900.40977717354,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 113364.7968702402,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 66708.53632002366,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 236.46315617257235,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 73.0951007466324,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 20.522867873132135,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 73596.91138233837,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 384713.8933052536,
    "historical_peak_year": 2024,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 215.94028829944023,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "SAU",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 256670.75641566867,
    "top_market_share_pct": 88.15814432715862,
    "destination_hhi": 7785.508718636313,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 2.0600237331966653,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.09750578066560077,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 2.0397519549780885,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 91.83224822770906,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 66.66666666666667,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 77.5,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:40",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 731821,
      "hs_description": "Iron or steel: non-threaded spring washers and other lock washers",
      "hs_chapter": 73,
      "hs_heading": 7318,
      "substitution_elasticity": -4.7572021,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way vertical trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Iron or steel: non-threaded spring washers and other lock washers",
    "hs_chapter": 73,
    "hs_heading": 7318,
    "destinations": [],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "PAK",
      "hs_code": 731821,
      "num_markets": 29,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "IDN",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 938000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "MYS",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 12.195121951219512,
      "median_price_across_markets": 2600,
      "price_spread_pct": 36076.45403377111,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.7881739130434783,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 72254
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 5195.996016934474,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -24.603290218420334
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 25666.609634199493,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 393.96900133388175
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 18025.163778842278,
        "active_destinations": 22,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -29.77193312347481
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 23033.14584357899,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 27.783281895141627
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 40818.750628457536,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 77.21743658318687
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 25289.089025176963,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -38.045411395942594
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 15542.083930396415,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -38.542333751432324
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 761.2004447025387,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -95.1023270231232
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 41681.46901186204,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5375.7546848452375
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 16987.536436897604,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -59.24439123759492
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 11192.619344991628,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -34.112757393821894
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 6930.13567468884,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -38.0829861082529
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 44524.43484069146,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 542.475658929875
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 240206.9718987694,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 439.49471286548743
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 263969.8225920597,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.892656530928946
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "PAK",
      "exports_usd": 35181141938.06421,
      "imports_usd": 62273837932.53882,
      "trade_balance_usd": -27092695994.47461,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 5.5001715288244934,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 12.78652901620745,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.624197063826952,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -6.969171931568985,
      "export_partner_hhi": 518.3914291163483,
      "export_product_hhi": 200.54189987167615,
      "momentum_score": 5.537379189325231,
      "risk_score": 3.594666644940122,
      "gdp_million_usd": 371570.0001212658,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 1478.7727797799566,
      "population": 251269164,
      "labor_force": 83541.55,
      "investment_rate_pct": 16.65,
      "savings_rate_pct": 7.46,
      "secondary_education_pct": 49.04,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 8.16,
      "total_factor_productivity": 309.74,
      "trade_openness_pct": 27.384819034121744,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 9.885889942893055,
      "num_active_partners": 1080,
      "num_fta_partners": 18,
      "num_wto_partners": 676,
      "num_eu_partners": 112,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 152,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 7549.876543209876,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212742,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 1.6666666666666667,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 14.074074074074074,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.7407407407407408,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1304561773384991,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.1355130475216751,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.060782053587736966,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.07473099393393812,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 7703.340622551856,
      "num_border_partners": 147,
      "num_colonial_partners": 35,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -9.598561177916803,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 73.17205762435445,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.017124218537646,
      "real_market_potential": 137141.87945829326,
      "foreign_market_potential": 23394.1787152118
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "731821",
    "hs_description": "Iron or steel: non-threaded spring washers and other lock washers",
    "hs_chapter": 73,
    "hs_heading": 7318
  },
  "destinations": [],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "PAK",
    "hs_code": 731821,
    "num_markets": 29,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "IDN",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 938000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "MYS",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 12.195121951219512,
    "median_price_across_markets": 2600,
    "price_spread_pct": 36076.45403377111,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.7881739130434783,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 72254
  },
  "history": [
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      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 5195.996016934474,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -24.603290218420334
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 25666.609634199493,
      "active_destinations": 12,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 393.96900133388175
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    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 18025.163778842278,
      "active_destinations": 22,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -29.77193312347481
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 23033.14584357899,
      "active_destinations": 12,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 27.783281895141627
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    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 40818.750628457536,
      "active_destinations": 12,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 77.21743658318687
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    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 25289.089025176963,
      "active_destinations": 9,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -38.045411395942594
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    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 15542.083930396415,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -38.542333751432324
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    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 761.2004447025387,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -95.1023270231232
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 41681.46901186204,
      "active_destinations": 9,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5375.7546848452375
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 16987.536436897604,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -59.24439123759492
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 11192.619344991628,
      "active_destinations": 12,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -34.112757393821894
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 6930.13567468884,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -38.0829861082529
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    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 44524.43484069146,
      "active_destinations": 16,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 542.475658929875
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    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 240206.9718987694,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 439.49471286548743
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    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 263969.8225920597,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.892656530928946
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  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "PAK",
    "exports_usd": 35181141938.06421,
    "imports_usd": 62273837932.53882,
    "trade_balance_usd": -27092695994.47461,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 5.5001715288244934,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 12.78652901620745,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.624197063826952,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -6.969171931568985,
    "export_partner_hhi": 518.3914291163483,
    "export_product_hhi": 200.54189987167615,
    "momentum_score": 5.537379189325231,
    "risk_score": 3.594666644940122,
    "gdp_million_usd": 371570.0001212658,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 1478.7727797799566,
    "population": 251269164,
    "labor_force": 83541.55,
    "investment_rate_pct": 16.65,
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    "secondary_education_pct": 49.04,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 8.16,
    "total_factor_productivity": 309.74,
    "trade_openness_pct": 27.384819034121744,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 9.885889942893055,
    "num_active_partners": 1080,
    "num_fta_partners": 18,
    "num_wto_partners": 676,
    "num_eu_partners": 112,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 152,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 7549.876543209876,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
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    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
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    "pct_partners_with_fta": 1.6666666666666667,
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    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1304561773384991,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.1355130475216751,
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    "num_border_partners": 147,
    "num_colonial_partners": 35,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -9.598561177916803,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 73.17205762435445,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.017124218537646,
    "real_market_potential": 137141.87945829326,
    "foreign_market_potential": 23394.1787152118
  }
}
```