# Pakistan HS 411310 exports | Yugalinks

Explore reported HS 411310 exports from Pakistan: destinations, growth, concentration, prices, and history.

## Exporter position

| Measure | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Exporter | Pakistan |
| HS6 | 411310 |
| Latest exports | $37.3M |
| Active destinations | 50 |
| Three-year growth | -1.8% |
| Destination HHI | 1,367 |
| Weighted share | 26.7% |

## Destination markets

- Viet Nam: $11.6M; share 24.6%; growth +8.8%
- China: $4.8M; share 22%; growth -16.4%
- Indonesia: $3.6M; share 30.5%; growth -7.2%
- Italy: $1.9M; share 15.5%; growth -1.9%
- Spain: $1.7M; share 10.7%; growth +83.2%
- France: $620.1K; share 4.2%; growth +0.3%
- Portugal: $281.5K; share 2.7%; growth +8.2%

## Price intelligence

- Highest reported market price: Switzerland, Liechtenstein at $130.5K / ton.
- Lowest reported market price: Bahrain at $1.8K / ton.
- Median reported price: $36.4K / ton.
- Price spread: 353.9%.

## Export history

- 2010: $118.5M
- 2011: $129.6M
- 2012: $121.6M
- 2013: $143.5M
- 2014: $128.3M
- 2015: $102.5M
- 2016: $85.1M
- 2017: $75.2M
- 2018: $66.1M
- 2019: $53.4M
- 2020: $39.6M
- 2021: $37.5M
- 2022: $44.4M
- 2023: $33.7M
- 2024: $35.5M

## Methods

Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.

Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed.

## Complete structured values

```json
{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/pak/411310",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/411310",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/pak/411310",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "411310",
    "exporter_iso3": "PAK",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 121,
    "current_lane_count": 50,
    "active_market_count": 50,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 37344786.6678484,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 35539484.360895835,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 37863532.83165553,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 38130744.276536204,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 57303209.12988673,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.7540358426404334,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -7.813953083653868,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -12.049369680366407,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 82684093.52564083,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 221870161.16477367,
    "historical_peak_year": 2013,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 10.295333837725973,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "top_market_iso3": "VNM",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 11639348.503446579,
    "top_market_share_pct": 31.167264675975115,
    "destination_hhi": 1367.2647674145192,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 26.710272004120917,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 1.8673069526792427,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.7516039627665941,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 74.00623566540551,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 24.793388429752067,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:40",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 411310,
      "hs_description": "Leather: further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment-dressed leather, without hair on, whether or not split, other than leather of heading 41.14, of goats and kids",
      "hs_chapter": 41,
      "hs_heading": 4113,
      "substitution_elasticity": -11.476198,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null
    },
    "hs_description": "Leather: further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment-dressed leather, without hair on, whether or not split, other than leather of heading 41.14, of goats and kids",
    "hs_chapter": 41,
    "hs_heading": 4113,
    "destinations": [
      {
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        "corridor_rank": 2,
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        "importer_iso3": "VNM",
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        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 5004190.710460274,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 11311379.865181334,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 10503969.46002746,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 9756767.359415293,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 8.822869728287387,
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        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 25.4407,
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        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.63056227173362,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 33.03848734825581,
        "peer_top_exporter": "IND",
        "supplier_count_latest": 28,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2205.14,
        "distance_km": 3509.46728515625,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.1590585759782609,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 0.8069170013760327,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 57.31486509459975,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
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        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
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        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 6936852.467971569,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 10217148.758100048,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -16.378449084126533,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -13.020597281381907,
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        "has_reported_fta": 0,
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      },
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        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 255810.42440033966,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 369617.06674452126,
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        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Slowing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "PAK",
      "hs_code": 411310,
      "num_markets": 76,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CHE",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 130536.58536585365,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "BHR",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 1750,
      "median_price_across_markets": 36392.781468845395,
      "price_spread_pct": 353.87947875350886,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 26.884839857651244,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 256258677
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 118512538.5848287,
        "active_destinations": 65,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 32.44471837980496
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      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 129585048.9880145,
        "active_destinations": 63,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.342902055262565
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      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 121578202.79793705,
        "active_destinations": 60,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -6.17883486760731
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      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 143515497.06314158,
        "active_destinations": 62,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 18.043772452916016
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      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 128328039.51988304,
        "active_destinations": 61,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -10.582451271152008
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      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 102536329.74744534,
        "active_destinations": 66,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -20.098265249693576
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      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 85140770.1491609,
        "active_destinations": 62,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -16.965264546849887
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      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 75181008.51651411,
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      "export_value_usd": 44382566.88548419,
      "active_destinations": 59,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.425561074379466
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      "export_value_usd": 33668547.24858657,
      "active_destinations": 52,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -24.140153192450335
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 35539484.360895835,
      "active_destinations": 50,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.556928543710199
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "PAK",
    "exports_usd": 35181141938.06421,
    "imports_usd": 62273837932.53882,
    "trade_balance_usd": -27092695994.47461,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 5.5001715288244934,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 12.78652901620745,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.624197063826952,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -6.969171931568985,
    "export_partner_hhi": 518.3914291163483,
    "export_product_hhi": 200.54189987167615,
    "momentum_score": 5.537379189325231,
    "risk_score": 3.594666644940122,
    "gdp_million_usd": 371570.0001212658,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 1478.7727797799566,
    "population": 251269164,
    "labor_force": 83541.55,
    "investment_rate_pct": 16.65,
    "savings_rate_pct": 7.46,
    "secondary_education_pct": 49.04,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 8.16,
    "total_factor_productivity": 309.74,
    "trade_openness_pct": 27.384819034121744,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 9.885889942893055,
    "num_active_partners": 1080,
    "num_fta_partners": 18,
    "num_wto_partners": 676,
    "num_eu_partners": 112,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 152,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 7549.876543209876,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212742,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 1.6666666666666667,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 14.074074074074074,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.7407407407407408,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1304561773384991,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.1355130475216751,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.060782053587736966,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.07473099393393812,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 7703.340622551856,
    "num_border_partners": 147,
    "num_colonial_partners": 35,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -9.598561177916803,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 73.17205762435445,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.017124218537646,
    "real_market_potential": 137141.87945829326,
    "foreign_market_potential": 23394.1787152118
  }
}
```