# Pakistan HS 091012 exports | Yugalinks

Explore reported HS 091012 exports from Pakistan: destinations, growth, concentration, prices, and history.

## Exporter position

| Measure | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Exporter | Pakistan |
| HS6 | 091012 |
| Latest exports | $1.2M |
| Active destinations | 39 |
| Three-year growth | +4.5% |
| Destination HHI | 2,102 |
| Weighted share | 5.1% |

## Destination markets

- USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands: $415.6K; share 1.8%; growth +250.5%
- United Kingdom: $113.0K; share 0.8%; growth -46.3%

## Price intelligence

- Highest reported market price: Mauritius at $177.0K / ton.
- Lowest reported market price: Nigeria at $31.8 / ton.
- Median reported price: $3.6K / ton.
- Price spread: 4,946.1%.

## Export history

- 2010: $222.3K
- 2011: $359.7K
- 2012: $188.6K
- 2013: $954.1K
- 2014: $1.4M
- 2015: $1.4M
- 2016: $1.5M
- 2017: $1.8M
- 2018: $2.0M
- 2019: $1.3M
- 2020: $1.2M
- 2021: $1.0M
- 2022: $878.5K
- 2023: $747.2K
- 2024: $1.2M

## Methods

Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.

Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed.

## Complete structured values

```json
{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/pak/091012",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/091012",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/pak/091012",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "091012",
    "exporter_iso3": "PAK",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 92,
    "current_lane_count": 39,
    "active_market_count": 39,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 1226313.7379437368,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 1178986.636928791,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 934902.5649991886,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1007314.2775041864,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1294912.6076816674,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.5319313950872075,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -1.9566213764400597,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -1.352478513858868,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 999229.0097470968,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 3975038.2117309957,
    "historical_peak_year": 2018,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 5.8844099089460755,
    "trend_label": "Growing",
    "top_market_iso3": "USA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 415603.1089290708,
    "top_market_share_pct": 33.89043896922719,
    "destination_hhi": 2101.6270183712554,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 5.0587925680556545,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 1.521610572797118,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.1444077906516665,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 90.40809064147938,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 51.08695652173913,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 89.5,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:40",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 91012,
      "hs_description": "Spices: ginger, crushed or ground",
      "hs_chapter": 9,
      "hs_heading": 910,
      "substitution_elasticity": null,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null
    },
    "hs_description": "Spices: ginger, crushed or ground",
    "hs_chapter": 9,
    "hs_heading": 910,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 91012,
        "corridor_rank": 26,
        "exporter_iso3": "PAK",
        "importer_iso3": "USA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 22,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 415603.1089290708,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 76415.7721986226,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 223822.68003080762,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 150216.51303805952,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 115818.3204024435,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 250.52847559436566,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 44.34276851498626,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 19.060936818612404,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 415603.1089290708,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 23495447.82232939,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 66.66666666666667,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 231.46753877575327,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 25.2288,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 13.2284,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 1.7688665143640883,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.6305511753885231,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 29.543007923148824,
        "peer_top_exporter": "IND",
        "supplier_count_latest": 57,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1804.66,
        "distance_km": 11091.5419921875,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.02363207788492929,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.036981300660303036,
        "volatility_cv": 1.1551674734825474,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 97.8212453688819,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','long_distance_without_fta']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 91012,
        "corridor_rank": 49,
        "exporter_iso3": "PAK",
        "importer_iso3": "GBR",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 23,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 112999.86918833361,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 487448.1310656874,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 261019.12091517446,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 467243.8830570791,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 847111.2897040887,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -46.30453510804951,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -35.12202994501682,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -20.56955681540985,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1623459.3356097504,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13629065.479553284,
        "historical_peak_year": 2018,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 54.54545454545455,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -25.734978292639656,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 42.6418,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 8.8557,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 79.3103,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.8291094452356934,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.9095820731522412,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 34.333978343310676,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 49,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1876.85,
        "distance_km": 6049.916015625,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": null,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.028898081326379,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 93.03956269739936,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
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    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "PAK",
      "hs_code": 91012,
      "num_markets": 55,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "MUS",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 176995.1219512195,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NGA",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 31.78368121442125,
      "median_price_across_markets": 3577.8384705423327,
      "price_spread_pct": 4946.096357535694,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 12.867789473684212,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 7608486
    },
    "history": [
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        "export_value_usd": 222298.44180784153,
        "active_destinations": 28,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -52.02884663717376
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      {
        "year": 2011,
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        "yoy_growth_pct": 61.78759377130123
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      {
        "year": 2012,
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        "active_destinations": 28,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -47.570309766969565
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      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 954067.8035108125,
        "active_destinations": 27,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 405.96481155371293
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 1350974.3444706693,
        "active_destinations": 26,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 41.601502482245614
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 1414478.6419700817,
        "active_destinations": 32,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 4.700629420486465
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 1479434.1005368459,
        "active_destinations": 32,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 4.592183765765057
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 1757076.90170483,
        "active_destinations": 37,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 18.76682449507113
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      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 1960144.8597487095,
        "active_destinations": 32,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 11.557146864024558
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      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 1301420.185335277,
        "active_destinations": 33,
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      {
        "year": 2020,
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      {
        "year": 2021,
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        "active_destinations": 37,
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      {
        "year": 2022,
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        "yoy_growth_pct": -14.892872610853031
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      {
        "year": 2023,
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        "active_destinations": 42,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -14.937621014517392
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      {
        "year": 2024,
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        "yoy_growth_pct": 57.77691769648756
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    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "PAK",
      "exports_usd": 35181141938.06421,
      "imports_usd": 62273837932.53882,
      "trade_balance_usd": -27092695994.47461,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 5.5001715288244934,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 12.78652901620745,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.624197063826952,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -6.969171931568985,
      "export_partner_hhi": 518.3914291163483,
      "export_product_hhi": 200.54189987167615,
      "momentum_score": 5.537379189325231,
      "risk_score": 3.594666644940122,
      "gdp_million_usd": 371570.0001212658,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 1478.7727797799566,
      "population": 251269164,
      "labor_force": 83541.55,
      "investment_rate_pct": 16.65,
      "savings_rate_pct": 7.46,
      "secondary_education_pct": 49.04,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 8.16,
      "total_factor_productivity": 309.74,
      "trade_openness_pct": 27.384819034121744,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 9.885889942893055,
      "num_active_partners": 1080,
      "num_fta_partners": 18,
      "num_wto_partners": 676,
      "num_eu_partners": 112,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 152,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 7549.876543209876,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212742,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 1.6666666666666667,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 14.074074074074074,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.7407407407407408,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1304561773384991,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.1355130475216751,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.060782053587736966,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.07473099393393812,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 7703.340622551856,
      "num_border_partners": 147,
      "num_colonial_partners": 35,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -9.598561177916803,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 73.17205762435445,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.017124218537646,
      "real_market_potential": 137141.87945829326,
      "foreign_market_potential": 23394.1787152118
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "091012",
    "hs_description": "Spices: ginger, crushed or ground",
    "hs_chapter": 9,
    "hs_heading": 910
  },
  "destinations": [
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      "corridor_rank": 26,
      "exporter_iso3": "PAK",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 22,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 415603.1089290708,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 76415.7721986226,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 223822.68003080762,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 150216.51303805952,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 115818.3204024435,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 250.52847559436566,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 44.34276851498626,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 19.060936818612404,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 415603.1089290708,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 23495447.82232939,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 66.66666666666667,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 231.46753877575327,
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      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 13.2284,
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      "peer_best_share_pct": 29.543007923148824,
      "peer_top_exporter": "IND",
      "supplier_count_latest": 57,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1804.66,
      "distance_km": 11091.5419921875,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.02363207788492929,
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      "volatility_cv": 1.1551674734825474,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 97.8212453688819,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','long_distance_without_fta']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
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      "corridor_rank": 49,
      "exporter_iso3": "PAK",
      "importer_iso3": "GBR",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 23,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 112999.86918833361,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 487448.1310656874,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 261019.12091517446,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 467243.8830570791,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 847111.2897040887,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -46.30453510804951,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -35.12202994501682,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -20.56955681540985,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1623459.3356097504,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13629065.479553284,
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      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 54.54545454545455,
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      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 42.6418,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 8.8557,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 79.3103,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.8291094452356934,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.9095820731522412,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 34.333978343310676,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 49,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1876.85,
      "distance_km": 6049.916015625,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": null,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 1.028898081326379,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 93.03956269739936,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "PAK",
    "hs_code": 91012,
    "num_markets": 55,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "MUS",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 176995.1219512195,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NGA",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 31.78368121442125,
    "median_price_across_markets": 3577.8384705423327,
    "price_spread_pct": 4946.096357535694,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 12.867789473684212,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 7608486
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 222298.44180784153,
      "active_destinations": 28,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -52.02884663717376
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 359651.2999920031,
      "active_destinations": 28,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 61.78759377130123
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 188564.06250487425,
      "active_destinations": 28,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -47.570309766969565
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 954067.8035108125,
      "active_destinations": 27,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 405.96481155371293
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 1350974.3444706693,
      "active_destinations": 26,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 41.601502482245614
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 1414478.6419700817,
      "active_destinations": 32,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.700629420486465
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 1479434.1005368459,
      "active_destinations": 32,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.592183765765057
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 1757076.90170483,
      "active_destinations": 37,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.76682449507113
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 1960144.8597487095,
      "active_destinations": 32,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.557146864024558
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 1301420.185335277,
      "active_destinations": 33,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -33.60591800842111
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    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 1199668.1995907105,
      "active_destinations": 34,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.818534466510744
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 1032195.4929326557,
      "active_destinations": 37,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.959918810483698
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 878471.9330752288,
      "active_destinations": 37,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.892872610853031
    },
    {
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      "export_value_usd": 747249.1249935463,
      "active_destinations": 42,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.937621014517392
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 1178986.636928791,
      "active_destinations": 39,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 57.77691769648756
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "PAK",
    "exports_usd": 35181141938.06421,
    "imports_usd": 62273837932.53882,
    "trade_balance_usd": -27092695994.47461,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 5.5001715288244934,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 12.78652901620745,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.624197063826952,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -6.969171931568985,
    "export_partner_hhi": 518.3914291163483,
    "export_product_hhi": 200.54189987167615,
    "momentum_score": 5.537379189325231,
    "risk_score": 3.594666644940122,
    "gdp_million_usd": 371570.0001212658,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 1478.7727797799566,
    "population": 251269164,
    "labor_force": 83541.55,
    "investment_rate_pct": 16.65,
    "savings_rate_pct": 7.46,
    "secondary_education_pct": 49.04,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 8.16,
    "total_factor_productivity": 309.74,
    "trade_openness_pct": 27.384819034121744,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 9.885889942893055,
    "num_active_partners": 1080,
    "num_fta_partners": 18,
    "num_wto_partners": 676,
    "num_eu_partners": 112,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 152,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 7549.876543209876,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212742,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 1.6666666666666667,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 14.074074074074074,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.7407407407407408,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1304561773384991,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.1355130475216751,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.060782053587736966,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.07473099393393812,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 7703.340622551856,
    "num_border_partners": 147,
    "num_colonial_partners": 35,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -9.598561177916803,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 73.17205762435445,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.017124218537646,
    "real_market_potential": 137141.87945829326,
    "foreign_market_potential": 23394.1787152118
  }
}
```