# Pakistan HS 040291 exports | Yugalinks

Explore reported HS 040291 exports from Pakistan: destinations, growth, concentration, prices, and history.

## Exporter position

| Measure | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Exporter | Pakistan |
| HS6 | 040291 |
| Latest exports | $1.4M |
| Active destinations | 4 |
| Three-year growth | -8% |
| Destination HHI | 6,962 |
| Weighted share | 62.5% |

## Destination markets

No destination observations are available.

## Price intelligence

- Highest reported market price: Maldives at $5.1K / ton.
- Lowest reported market price: Bahrain at $1.0K / ton.
- Median reported price: $2.6K / ton.
- Price spread: 160.3%.

## Export history

- 2010: $7.3K
- 2011: $5.3M
- 2012: $476.3K
- 2013: $9.9K
- 2014: $50.3
- 2015: $9.3M
- 2016: $16.3M
- 2017: $16.5M
- 2018: $12.0M
- 2019: $1.2M
- 2020: $47.3K
- 2021: $96.0K
- 2022: $28.6K
- 2023: $71.4K
- 2024: $74.8K

## Methods

Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.

Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed.

## Complete structured values

```json
{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/pak/040291",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/040291",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/pak/040291",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "040291",
    "exporter_iso3": "PAK",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 33,
    "current_lane_count": 4,
    "active_market_count": 4,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 1408447.6664684056,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 74767.2896509356,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 58244.586325241806,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 63610.33996098915,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5561961.68291624,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -7.999434178228626,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -42.40508514026162,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 107.58155435698838,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 4112934.8209900646,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 16697068.792229991,
    "historical_peak_year": 2017,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -115.580988535217,
    "trend_label": "Declining",
    "top_market_iso3": "AFG",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 1169618.756998056,
    "top_market_share_pct": 83.04311085486064,
    "destination_hhi": 6962.050781515682,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 62.464303148568696,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -5.358353282513794,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.3264776621265046,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 88.39405621138386,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 87.87878787878788,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 72,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:40",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 40291,
      "hs_description": "Dairy produce: milk and cream, concentrated, not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, other than in powder, granules or other solid forms",
      "hs_chapter": 4,
      "hs_heading": 402,
      "substitution_elasticity": -5.2477393,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Dairy produce: milk and cream, concentrated, not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, other than in powder, granules or other solid forms",
    "hs_chapter": 4,
    "hs_heading": 402,
    "destinations": [],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "PAK",
      "hs_code": 40291,
      "num_markets": 9,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "MDV",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 5125,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "BHR",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 1015.8730158730159,
      "median_price_across_markets": 2562.623517786561,
      "price_spread_pct": 160.3484458644241,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 4.421705882352942,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 197190
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 7316.164773409823,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 207.85663552535834
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 5291459.070427662,
        "active_destinations": 1,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 72225.5863462666
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 476339.94554055296,
        "active_destinations": 2,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -90.99794708414791
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 9905.595001311263,
        "active_destinations": 2,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -97.9204777818769
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 50.329665220335535,
        "active_destinations": 1,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -99.49190669299853
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 9288924.095826719,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 18456061.103319958
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 16321227.914369721,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 75.70633311238316
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 16480441.83498136,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.9755020973113282
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 12031218.707674088,
        "active_destinations": 2,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -26.996989351725738
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 1179752.5765055658,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -90.19423879516825
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 47302.70731036556,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -95.99045526558828
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 96015.23351885479,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 102.98041904636341
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 28589.967132290312,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -70.22350924483663
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 71376.50219249948,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 149.65576862061113
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 74767.2896509356,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 4.7505654582110415
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "PAK",
      "exports_usd": 35181141938.06421,
      "imports_usd": 62273837932.53882,
      "trade_balance_usd": -27092695994.47461,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 5.5001715288244934,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 12.78652901620745,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.624197063826952,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -6.969171931568985,
      "export_partner_hhi": 518.3914291163483,
      "export_product_hhi": 200.54189987167615,
      "momentum_score": 5.537379189325231,
      "risk_score": 3.594666644940122,
      "gdp_million_usd": 371570.0001212658,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 1478.7727797799566,
      "population": 251269164,
      "labor_force": 83541.55,
      "investment_rate_pct": 16.65,
      "savings_rate_pct": 7.46,
      "secondary_education_pct": 49.04,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 8.16,
      "total_factor_productivity": 309.74,
      "trade_openness_pct": 27.384819034121744,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 9.885889942893055,
      "num_active_partners": 1080,
      "num_fta_partners": 18,
      "num_wto_partners": 676,
      "num_eu_partners": 112,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 152,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 7549.876543209876,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212742,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 1.6666666666666667,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 14.074074074074074,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.7407407407407408,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1304561773384991,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.1355130475216751,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.060782053587736966,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.07473099393393812,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 7703.340622551856,
      "num_border_partners": 147,
      "num_colonial_partners": 35,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -9.598561177916803,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 73.17205762435445,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.017124218537646,
      "real_market_potential": 137141.87945829326,
      "foreign_market_potential": 23394.1787152118
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "040291",
    "hs_description": "Dairy produce: milk and cream, concentrated, not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter, other than in powder, granules or other solid forms",
    "hs_chapter": 4,
    "hs_heading": 402
  },
  "destinations": [],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "PAK",
    "hs_code": 40291,
    "num_markets": 9,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "MDV",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 5125,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "BHR",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 1015.8730158730159,
    "median_price_across_markets": 2562.623517786561,
    "price_spread_pct": 160.3484458644241,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 4.421705882352942,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 197190
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 7316.164773409823,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 207.85663552535834
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 5291459.070427662,
      "active_destinations": 1,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 72225.5863462666
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 476339.94554055296,
      "active_destinations": 2,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -90.99794708414791
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 9905.595001311263,
      "active_destinations": 2,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -97.9204777818769
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 50.329665220335535,
      "active_destinations": 1,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -99.49190669299853
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 9288924.095826719,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18456061.103319958
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 16321227.914369721,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 75.70633311238316
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 16480441.83498136,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.9755020973113282
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 12031218.707674088,
      "active_destinations": 2,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -26.996989351725738
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 1179752.5765055658,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -90.19423879516825
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 47302.70731036556,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -95.99045526558828
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 96015.23351885479,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 102.98041904636341
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 28589.967132290312,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -70.22350924483663
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 71376.50219249948,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 149.65576862061113
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 74767.2896509356,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.7505654582110415
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "PAK",
    "exports_usd": 35181141938.06421,
    "imports_usd": 62273837932.53882,
    "trade_balance_usd": -27092695994.47461,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 5.5001715288244934,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 12.78652901620745,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.624197063826952,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -6.969171931568985,
    "export_partner_hhi": 518.3914291163483,
    "export_product_hhi": 200.54189987167615,
    "momentum_score": 5.537379189325231,
    "risk_score": 3.594666644940122,
    "gdp_million_usd": 371570.0001212658,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 1478.7727797799566,
    "population": 251269164,
    "labor_force": 83541.55,
    "investment_rate_pct": 16.65,
    "savings_rate_pct": 7.46,
    "secondary_education_pct": 49.04,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 8.16,
    "total_factor_productivity": 309.74,
    "trade_openness_pct": 27.384819034121744,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 9.885889942893055,
    "num_active_partners": 1080,
    "num_fta_partners": 18,
    "num_wto_partners": 676,
    "num_eu_partners": 112,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 8,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 152,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 7549.876543209876,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212742,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 1.6666666666666667,
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    "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.7407407407407408,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1304561773384991,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.1355130475216751,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.060782053587736966,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.07473099393393812,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 7703.340622551856,
    "num_border_partners": 147,
    "num_colonial_partners": 35,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -9.598561177916803,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 73.17205762435445,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.017124218537646,
    "real_market_potential": 137141.87945829326,
    "foreign_market_potential": 23394.1787152118
  }
}
```