{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/nld/860729",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/860729",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/nld/860729",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "860729",
    "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 90,
    "current_lane_count": 24,
    "active_market_count": 24,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 1039522.2332206641,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 449632.92106214503,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 496818.06388562376,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 539753.2002161497,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 615531.3685017918,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -11.980337349317672,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -8.774890017680315,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 6.1152041469984875,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 2093805.3635820062,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 9485202.616372332,
    "historical_peak_year": 2009,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 44.827586206896555,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -18.09554149631616,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "ZAF",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 387373.50924894254,
    "top_market_share_pct": 37.26457182630677,
    "destination_hhi": 1701.1618465219392,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 6.599211067163096,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -1.9868813921350894,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.1689398280654124,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 87.5185855172767,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 55.55555555555556,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 82,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:34",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 860729,
      "hs_description": "Railway or tramway locomotives or rolling stock: parts, brakes (other than air brakes) and parts thereof",
      "hs_chapter": 86,
      "hs_heading": 8607,
      "substitution_elasticity": -10.460534,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Railway or tramway locomotives or rolling stock: parts, brakes (other than air brakes) and parts thereof",
    "hs_chapter": 86,
    "hs_heading": 8607,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 860729,
        "corridor_rank": 61,
        "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
        "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
        "latest_data_year": 2018,
        "lane_data_years": 4,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 387373.50924894254,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 342447.1182597007,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 393496.8460200338,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 393496.8460200338,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 393496.8460200338,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 26.958372706419276,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 15.397608426655719,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 7.423278867597283,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 792561.6186428611,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13252225.264951278,
        "historical_peak_year": 2017,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 33.333333333333336,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 19.535093838821993,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 1.718,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 28.9962,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 54.1667,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 7.878331236480037,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -12.441204212435498,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 34.74103892707204,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 30,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2079.37,
        "distance_km": 9693.59375,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.09824198576107071,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.029297414191717136,
        "volatility_cv": 0.8575603057206874,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.70659470302186,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','buyer_macro_weakness','limited_history']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "Low",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
      "hs_code": 860729,
      "num_markets": 59,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "THA",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 2956000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NOR",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 974.7447157204689,
      "median_price_across_markets": 65846.15384615384,
      "price_spread_pct": 4487.771999847621,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 1.8603178294573646,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 5151268
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 2265456.8347243676,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -30.037122173335305
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 1318809.2227071342,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -41.78616857788904
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 216740.14235224514,
        "active_destinations": 20,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -83.56546658755235
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 301395.46701754024,
        "active_destinations": 19,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 39.05844286459572
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 248360.17811128873,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -17.596578153965744
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 194038.4515800969,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -21.87215637558875
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 355815.52471249056,
        "active_destinations": 20,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 83.37371887634028
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 1282077.037104522,
        "active_destinations": 23,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 260.3207134203821
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 912934.4380168801,
        "active_destinations": 21,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -28.792544317096873
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 711682.2325231804,
        "active_destinations": 23,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -22.04454089067659
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 548957.2668709215,
        "active_destinations": 25,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -22.864834643312356
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 659354.5425529564,
        "active_destinations": 32,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 20.11035873726635
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 553785.1781040283,
        "active_destinations": 44,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -16.01101647683715
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 487036.09249069775,
        "active_destinations": 35,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.053245238858993
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 449632.92106214515,
        "active_destinations": 24,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -7.679753514215578
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "NLD",
      "exports_usd": 603610428740.4897,
      "imports_usd": 645561033336.487,
      "trade_balance_usd": -41950604595.997314,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -8.008916915796272,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -4.722721439157751,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.645767218835581,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.38272554667302394,
      "export_partner_hhi": 781.9067457409539,
      "export_product_hhi": 96.24022744820329,
      "momentum_score": -6.0999720067080645,
      "risk_score": 4.390734865945785,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1214927.698572656,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 67520.42189562811,
      "population": 17993485,
      "labor_force": 9144.03,
      "investment_rate_pct": 22.01,
      "savings_rate_pct": 30.56,
      "secondary_education_pct": 95.03,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 28.63,
      "total_factor_productivity": 2497.15,
      "trade_openness_pct": 121.93359096967393,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 58.919363239933645,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 3,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 3,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6678.971193415638,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 1.1111111111111112,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.1111111111111112,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925509,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.024784923491291175,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10573883182796391,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6651.770600909362,
      "num_border_partners": 70,
      "num_colonial_partners": 165,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.866256815759774,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.88850174216027,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.671312427409988,
      "real_market_potential": 1402598.844325892,
      "foreign_market_potential": 50503.726227131716
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "860729",
    "hs_description": "Railway or tramway locomotives or rolling stock: parts, brakes (other than air brakes) and parts thereof",
    "hs_chapter": 86,
    "hs_heading": 8607
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 860729,
      "corridor_rank": 61,
      "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
      "importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "latest_data_year": 2018,
      "lane_data_years": 4,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 387373.50924894254,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 342447.1182597007,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 393496.8460200338,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 393496.8460200338,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 393496.8460200338,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 26.958372706419276,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 15.397608426655719,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 7.423278867597283,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 792561.6186428611,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13252225.264951278,
      "historical_peak_year": 2017,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 33.333333333333336,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 19.535093838821993,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 1.718,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 28.9962,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 54.1667,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 7.878331236480037,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -12.441204212435498,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 34.74103892707204,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 30,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2079.37,
      "distance_km": 9693.59375,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.09824198576107071,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.029297414191717136,
      "volatility_cv": 0.8575603057206874,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.70659470302186,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','buyer_macro_weakness','limited_history']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "Low",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
    "hs_code": 860729,
    "num_markets": 59,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "THA",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 2956000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NOR",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 974.7447157204689,
    "median_price_across_markets": 65846.15384615384,
    "price_spread_pct": 4487.771999847621,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 1.8603178294573646,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 5151268
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 2265456.8347243676,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -30.037122173335305
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 1318809.2227071342,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -41.78616857788904
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 216740.14235224514,
      "active_destinations": 20,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -83.56546658755235
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 301395.46701754024,
      "active_destinations": 19,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 39.05844286459572
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 248360.17811128873,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -17.596578153965744
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 194038.4515800969,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -21.87215637558875
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 355815.52471249056,
      "active_destinations": 20,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 83.37371887634028
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 1282077.037104522,
      "active_destinations": 23,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 260.3207134203821
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 912934.4380168801,
      "active_destinations": 21,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -28.792544317096873
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 711682.2325231804,
      "active_destinations": 23,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -22.04454089067659
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 548957.2668709215,
      "active_destinations": 25,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -22.864834643312356
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 659354.5425529564,
      "active_destinations": 32,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 20.11035873726635
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 553785.1781040283,
      "active_destinations": 44,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.01101647683715
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 487036.09249069775,
      "active_destinations": 35,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.053245238858993
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 449632.92106214515,
      "active_destinations": 24,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.679753514215578
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "NLD",
    "exports_usd": 603610428740.4897,
    "imports_usd": 645561033336.487,
    "trade_balance_usd": -41950604595.997314,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -8.008916915796272,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -4.722721439157751,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.645767218835581,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.38272554667302394,
    "export_partner_hhi": 781.9067457409539,
    "export_product_hhi": 96.24022744820329,
    "momentum_score": -6.0999720067080645,
    "risk_score": 4.390734865945785,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1214927.698572656,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 67520.42189562811,
    "population": 17993485,
    "labor_force": 9144.03,
    "investment_rate_pct": 22.01,
    "savings_rate_pct": 30.56,
    "secondary_education_pct": 95.03,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 28.63,
    "total_factor_productivity": 2497.15,
    "trade_openness_pct": 121.93359096967393,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 58.919363239933645,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 3,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 3,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6678.971193415638,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 1.1111111111111112,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.1111111111111112,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925509,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.024784923491291175,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10573883182796391,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6651.770600909362,
    "num_border_partners": 70,
    "num_colonial_partners": 165,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.866256815759774,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.88850174216027,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.671312427409988,
    "real_market_potential": 1402598.844325892,
    "foreign_market_potential": 50503.726227131716
  }
}