{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/nld/860711",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/860711",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/nld/860711",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "860711",
    "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 50,
    "current_lane_count": 5,
    "active_market_count": 5,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 3297718.594986397,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 166779.520258489,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 955677.0974933766,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2309382.37259678,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2344619.864556144,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -66.61113743699791,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -41.50608816334464,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -28.163705522267037,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 15840421.044030938,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 82114015.53035975,
    "historical_peak_year": 2004,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -38.44743191473087,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "VEN",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 1729451.8341639277,
    "top_market_share_pct": 52.443887625622644,
    "destination_hhi": 3290.1989443279695,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 34.30532095653704,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 33.15465238523789,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.6534480156773222,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 41.30995310492535,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 50,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 82.5,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:34",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 860711,
      "hs_description": "Railway or tramway locomotives or rolling stock: parts, driving bogies and bissel-bogies",
      "hs_chapter": 86,
      "hs_heading": 8607,
      "substitution_elasticity": -17.661377,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Railway or tramway locomotives or rolling stock: parts, driving bogies and bissel-bogies",
    "hs_chapter": 86,
    "hs_heading": 8607,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 860711,
        "corridor_rank": 47,
        "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
        "importer_iso3": "ESP",
        "latest_data_year": 2023,
        "lane_data_years": 21,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 704513.9720690098,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 140096.06115827145,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 273509.13611980894,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 168018.67408428498,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 105336.69285285524,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 235.58101009835423,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 72.10803167471936,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 53.29104945244245,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 750996.9391360278,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 22742791.950709652,
        "historical_peak_year": 2002,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 182.28996064591178,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 56.7132,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 98.0993,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 4.854578175512234,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 4.251793984064949,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 46.528146127051706,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHE",
        "supplier_count_latest": 8,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 4358.74,
        "distance_km": 1481.3658447265625,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.6869049204537552,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.88164631565392,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "Medium",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 860711,
        "corridor_rank": 91,
        "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
        "importer_iso3": "CHE",
        "latest_data_year": 2021,
        "lane_data_years": 14,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 69771.14934075043,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 43696.54514390721,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 65435.09257911458,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 66253.40662257491,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 47232.925164475295,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 40.08418077206826,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 6.073210387813832,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 59.66795830813763,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 120458.08985298521,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 18344012.248987105,
        "historical_peak_year": 2020,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 53.84615384615385,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -19.58377753606937,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 28.3444,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 100.664,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.2592964842174935,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.20612356166738377,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 30.101962769159098,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
        "supplier_count_latest": 15,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2004.32,
        "distance_km": 628.0250244140625,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.012764303815058586,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": -0.020929647224547474,
        "volatility_cv": 1.001177984566281,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.43066345093993,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "Medium",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
      "hs_code": 860711,
      "num_markets": 38,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "HKG",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 587444.4444444445,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 105.05302557704303,
      "median_price_across_markets": 46410.401128804675,
      "price_spread_pct": 1265.5339689670004,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 4.961943925233645,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 30346798
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 1623519.3591332028,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -85.86367585949496
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 2777163.0170898163,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 71.05820152169568
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 2821720.7020104565,
        "active_destinations": 17,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1.6044317401047674
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 2642620.39627491,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -6.347201748491226
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 4557256.777047967,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 72.45219114602938
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 2035900.591463401,
        "active_destinations": 28,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -55.32618215157525
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 3965128.625825666,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 94.76042408217683
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 1923673.4179900233,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -51.485220291196654
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 1539077.1072641755,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -19.992806841802622
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 2435507.040034274,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 58.24464080058793
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 4199263.317542092,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 72.41844299834162
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 4480617.252961678,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 6.700078421952075
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 1024014.8346108563,
        "active_destinations": 30,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -77.14567487472883
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 1676236.9376107843,
        "active_destinations": 33,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 63.69264203557988
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 166779.52025848904,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -90.05036122779829
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "NLD",
      "exports_usd": 603610428740.4897,
      "imports_usd": 645561033336.487,
      "trade_balance_usd": -41950604595.997314,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -8.008916915796272,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -4.722721439157751,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.645767218835581,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.38272554667302394,
      "export_partner_hhi": 781.9067457409539,
      "export_product_hhi": 96.24022744820329,
      "momentum_score": -6.0999720067080645,
      "risk_score": 4.390734865945785,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1214927.698572656,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 67520.42189562811,
      "population": 17993485,
      "labor_force": 9144.03,
      "investment_rate_pct": 22.01,
      "savings_rate_pct": 30.56,
      "secondary_education_pct": 95.03,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 28.63,
      "total_factor_productivity": 2497.15,
      "trade_openness_pct": 121.93359096967393,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 58.919363239933645,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 3,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 3,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6678.971193415638,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 1.1111111111111112,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.1111111111111112,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925509,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.024784923491291175,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10573883182796391,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6651.770600909362,
      "num_border_partners": 70,
      "num_colonial_partners": 165,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.866256815759774,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.88850174216027,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.671312427409988,
      "real_market_potential": 1402598.844325892,
      "foreign_market_potential": 50503.726227131716
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "860711",
    "hs_description": "Railway or tramway locomotives or rolling stock: parts, driving bogies and bissel-bogies",
    "hs_chapter": 86,
    "hs_heading": 8607
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 860711,
      "corridor_rank": 47,
      "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "latest_data_year": 2023,
      "lane_data_years": 21,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 704513.9720690098,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 140096.06115827145,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 273509.13611980894,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 168018.67408428498,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 105336.69285285524,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 235.58101009835423,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 72.10803167471936,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 53.29104945244245,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 750996.9391360278,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 22742791.950709652,
      "historical_peak_year": 2002,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 182.28996064591178,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 56.7132,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 98.0993,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 4.854578175512234,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 4.251793984064949,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 46.528146127051706,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHE",
      "supplier_count_latest": 8,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 4358.74,
      "distance_km": 1481.3658447265625,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 1.6869049204537552,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.88164631565392,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "Medium",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 860711,
      "corridor_rank": 91,
      "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
      "importer_iso3": "CHE",
      "latest_data_year": 2021,
      "lane_data_years": 14,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 69771.14934075043,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 43696.54514390721,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 65435.09257911458,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 66253.40662257491,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 47232.925164475295,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 40.08418077206826,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 6.073210387813832,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 59.66795830813763,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 120458.08985298521,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 18344012.248987105,
      "historical_peak_year": 2020,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 53.84615384615385,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -19.58377753606937,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 28.3444,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 100.664,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.2592964842174935,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.20612356166738377,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 30.101962769159098,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
      "supplier_count_latest": 15,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2004.32,
      "distance_km": 628.0250244140625,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.012764303815058586,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": -0.020929647224547474,
      "volatility_cv": 1.001177984566281,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.43066345093993,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "Medium",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
    "hs_code": 860711,
    "num_markets": 38,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "HKG",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 587444.4444444445,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "BGR",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 105.05302557704303,
    "median_price_across_markets": 46410.401128804675,
    "price_spread_pct": 1265.5339689670004,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 4.961943925233645,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 30346798
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 1623519.3591332028,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -85.86367585949496
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 2777163.0170898163,
      "active_destinations": 16,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 71.05820152169568
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 2821720.7020104565,
      "active_destinations": 17,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.6044317401047674
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 2642620.39627491,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.347201748491226
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 4557256.777047967,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 72.45219114602938
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 2035900.591463401,
      "active_destinations": 28,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -55.32618215157525
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 3965128.625825666,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 94.76042408217683
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 1923673.4179900233,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -51.485220291196654
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 1539077.1072641755,
      "active_destinations": 16,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -19.992806841802622
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 2435507.040034274,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 58.24464080058793
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 4199263.317542092,
      "active_destinations": 12,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 72.41844299834162
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 4480617.252961678,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.700078421952075
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 1024014.8346108563,
      "active_destinations": 30,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -77.14567487472883
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 1676236.9376107843,
      "active_destinations": 33,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 63.69264203557988
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 166779.52025848904,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -90.05036122779829
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "NLD",
    "exports_usd": 603610428740.4897,
    "imports_usd": 645561033336.487,
    "trade_balance_usd": -41950604595.997314,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -8.008916915796272,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -4.722721439157751,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.645767218835581,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.38272554667302394,
    "export_partner_hhi": 781.9067457409539,
    "export_product_hhi": 96.24022744820329,
    "momentum_score": -6.0999720067080645,
    "risk_score": 4.390734865945785,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1214927.698572656,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 67520.42189562811,
    "population": 17993485,
    "labor_force": 9144.03,
    "investment_rate_pct": 22.01,
    "savings_rate_pct": 30.56,
    "secondary_education_pct": 95.03,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 28.63,
    "total_factor_productivity": 2497.15,
    "trade_openness_pct": 121.93359096967393,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 58.919363239933645,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 3,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 3,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6678.971193415638,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 1.1111111111111112,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.1111111111111112,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925509,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.024784923491291175,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10573883182796391,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6651.770600909362,
    "num_border_partners": 70,
    "num_colonial_partners": 165,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.866256815759774,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.88850174216027,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.671312427409988,
    "real_market_potential": 1402598.844325892,
    "foreign_market_potential": 50503.726227131716
  }
}