{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/nld/740319",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/740319",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/nld/740319",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "740319",
    "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 89,
    "current_lane_count": 43,
    "active_market_count": 43,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 14138406.039900472,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 6393063.799867074,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 17582882.585951626,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 14712488.262391586,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 8555933.042615028,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -29.036983413387496,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 24.539652795067735,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 4.358625433363605,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 21149179.384035412,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 184341595.21591422,
    "historical_peak_year": 2012,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -33.3956088467511,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "HKG",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 5035214.2275833,
    "top_market_share_pct": 35.6137333541932,
    "destination_hhi": 1975.2677496434665,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 22.526866204473215,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 15.963547582160988,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.935309172193522,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 63.14031485167214,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 43.82022471910113,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:34",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 740319,
      "hs_description": "Copper: refined, unwrought, n.e.c. in item no. 7403.1",
      "hs_chapter": 74,
      "hs_heading": 7403,
      "substitution_elasticity": -35.898651,
      "price_range_label": "Unclassified",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Copper: refined, unwrought, n.e.c. in item no. 7403.1",
    "hs_chapter": 74,
    "hs_heading": 7403,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 740319,
        "corridor_rank": 68,
        "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
        "importer_iso3": "HKG",
        "latest_data_year": 2022,
        "lane_data_years": 3,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 5035214.2275833,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1696850.680736474,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 5035214.2275833,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 5035214.2275833,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5035214.2275833,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 350.559521092179,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 146.746671475732,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 57.08172123952933,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 5035214.2275833,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 14937787.457206443,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 100,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 293.4777998526497,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -12.651,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 279.0093,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 44.8276,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 44.01783543871694,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 43.931633593656954,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 85.45437274726582,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ZAF",
        "supplier_count_latest": 14,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 7386.48,
        "distance_km": 9290.6708984375,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.3912157373411822,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','long_distance_without_fta','limited_history']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "Low",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
      "hs_code": 740319,
      "num_markets": 52,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "NOR",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1898000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "MYS",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 438.11630495269895,
      "median_price_across_markets": 41387.096774193546,
      "price_spread_pct": 4584.911800042593,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 92.01995000000004,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 108986863
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 8833077.54031272,
        "active_destinations": 21,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -63.00164791786913
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 15487827.27239839,
        "active_destinations": 33,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 75.33897106319378
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 116213711.23144099,
        "active_destinations": 37,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 650.3551607819846
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 7180223.185491098,
        "active_destinations": 29,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -93.82153524794367
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 4172780.471626359,
        "active_destinations": 30,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -41.88508680261924
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 744190.7333277593,
        "active_destinations": 38,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -82.1655910636078
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 748568.1698912075,
        "active_destinations": 32,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.5882143336928973
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 5503386.522294573,
        "active_destinations": 37,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 635.1884228652686
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 2866859.794896599,
        "active_destinations": 36,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -47.90735153195645
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 2133883.8937822115,
        "active_destinations": 39,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -25.567204312508913
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 2923690.9139810195,
        "active_destinations": 37,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 37.01265202386018
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 17890102.640122037,
        "active_destinations": 41,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 511.9012975883325
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 23311102.683048677,
        "active_destinations": 43,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 30.301670996392115
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 23044481.274939124,
        "active_destinations": 39,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -1.1437528791953475
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 6393063.799867074,
        "active_destinations": 43,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -72.25772312427995
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "NLD",
      "exports_usd": 603610428740.4897,
      "imports_usd": 645561033336.487,
      "trade_balance_usd": -41950604595.997314,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -8.008916915796272,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -4.722721439157751,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.645767218835581,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.38272554667302394,
      "export_partner_hhi": 781.9067457409539,
      "export_product_hhi": 96.24022744820329,
      "momentum_score": -6.0999720067080645,
      "risk_score": 4.390734865945785,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1214927.698572656,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 67520.42189562811,
      "population": 17993485,
      "labor_force": 9144.03,
      "investment_rate_pct": 22.01,
      "savings_rate_pct": 30.56,
      "secondary_education_pct": 95.03,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 28.63,
      "total_factor_productivity": 2497.15,
      "trade_openness_pct": 121.93359096967393,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 58.919363239933645,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 3,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 3,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6678.971193415638,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 1.1111111111111112,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.1111111111111112,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925509,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.024784923491291175,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10573883182796391,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6651.770600909362,
      "num_border_partners": 70,
      "num_colonial_partners": 165,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.866256815759774,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.88850174216027,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.671312427409988,
      "real_market_potential": 1402598.844325892,
      "foreign_market_potential": 50503.726227131716
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "740319",
    "hs_description": "Copper: refined, unwrought, n.e.c. in item no. 7403.1",
    "hs_chapter": 74,
    "hs_heading": 7403
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 740319,
      "corridor_rank": 68,
      "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
      "importer_iso3": "HKG",
      "latest_data_year": 2022,
      "lane_data_years": 3,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 5035214.2275833,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1696850.680736474,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 5035214.2275833,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 5035214.2275833,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5035214.2275833,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 350.559521092179,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 146.746671475732,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 57.08172123952933,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 5035214.2275833,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 14937787.457206443,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 100,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 293.4777998526497,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -12.651,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 279.0093,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 44.8276,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 44.01783543871694,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 43.931633593656954,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 85.45437274726582,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ZAF",
      "supplier_count_latest": 14,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 7386.48,
      "distance_km": 9290.6708984375,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 1.3912157373411822,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','long_distance_without_fta','limited_history']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "Low",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
    "hs_code": 740319,
    "num_markets": 52,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "NOR",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1898000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "MYS",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 438.11630495269895,
    "median_price_across_markets": 41387.096774193546,
    "price_spread_pct": 4584.911800042593,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 92.01995000000004,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 108986863
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 8833077.54031272,
      "active_destinations": 21,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -63.00164791786913
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 15487827.27239839,
      "active_destinations": 33,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 75.33897106319378
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 116213711.23144099,
      "active_destinations": 37,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 650.3551607819846
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 7180223.185491098,
      "active_destinations": 29,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -93.82153524794367
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 4172780.471626359,
      "active_destinations": 30,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -41.88508680261924
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 744190.7333277593,
      "active_destinations": 38,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -82.1655910636078
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 748568.1698912075,
      "active_destinations": 32,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.5882143336928973
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 5503386.522294573,
      "active_destinations": 37,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 635.1884228652686
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 2866859.794896599,
      "active_destinations": 36,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -47.90735153195645
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 2133883.8937822115,
      "active_destinations": 39,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -25.567204312508913
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 2923690.9139810195,
      "active_destinations": 37,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 37.01265202386018
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 17890102.640122037,
      "active_destinations": 41,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 511.9012975883325
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 23311102.683048677,
      "active_destinations": 43,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 30.301670996392115
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 23044481.274939124,
      "active_destinations": 39,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.1437528791953475
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 6393063.799867074,
      "active_destinations": 43,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -72.25772312427995
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "NLD",
    "exports_usd": 603610428740.4897,
    "imports_usd": 645561033336.487,
    "trade_balance_usd": -41950604595.997314,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -8.008916915796272,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -4.722721439157751,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.645767218835581,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.38272554667302394,
    "export_partner_hhi": 781.9067457409539,
    "export_product_hhi": 96.24022744820329,
    "momentum_score": -6.0999720067080645,
    "risk_score": 4.390734865945785,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1214927.698572656,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 67520.42189562811,
    "population": 17993485,
    "labor_force": 9144.03,
    "investment_rate_pct": 22.01,
    "savings_rate_pct": 30.56,
    "secondary_education_pct": 95.03,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 28.63,
    "total_factor_productivity": 2497.15,
    "trade_openness_pct": 121.93359096967393,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 58.919363239933645,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 3,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 3,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6678.971193415638,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 1.1111111111111112,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.1111111111111112,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925509,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.024784923491291175,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10573883182796391,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6651.770600909362,
    "num_border_partners": 70,
    "num_colonial_partners": 165,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.866256815759774,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.88850174216027,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.671312427409988,
    "real_market_potential": 1402598.844325892,
    "foreign_market_potential": 50503.726227131716
  }
}