{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/nld/731512",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/731512",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/nld/731512",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "731512",
    "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 180,
    "current_lane_count": 125,
    "active_market_count": 125,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 15589526.101404376,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 15476327.82929041,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 18225467.62012679,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 22160365.723673426,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 28922258.32734246,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -15.750889148491453,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -19.26252698786739,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 5.356348356058893,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 14731040.567125544,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 78087401.60509732,
    "historical_peak_year": 2018,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -21.107237504550348,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "MEX",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 7275474.535289636,
    "top_market_share_pct": 46.66899101335882,
    "destination_hhi": 2345.720326187142,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 6.578435023477606,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -1.7486554185814753,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.3813772608725683,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 87.65516061335288,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 19.444444444444443,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:34",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 731512,
      "hs_description": "Chain: articulated link, (other than roller), of iron or steel",
      "hs_chapter": 73,
      "hs_heading": 7315,
      "substitution_elasticity": -6.2193875,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Chain: articulated link, (other than roller), of iron or steel",
    "hs_chapter": 73,
    "hs_heading": 7315,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 731512,
        "corridor_rank": 32,
        "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
        "importer_iso3": "MEX",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 7275474.535289636,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 7039333.781359817,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 10477788.545608299,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 13479411.223714873,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 20528728.093357433,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -22.540008252488164,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -27.835695068749956,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 23.882775551045455,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 48725930.882098526,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 73596628.7624032,
        "historical_peak_year": 2018,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -46.42278380353362,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -6.8268,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 13.936,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 9.885608427496763,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -4.851922778689337,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 63.56453208368835,
        "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 56,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 4242.6,
        "distance_km": 9229.3623046875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.10968114655848482,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.13100950524598787,
        "volatility_cv": 1.9168796501146639,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 85.06857764730242,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
      "hs_code": 731512,
      "num_markets": 146,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ECU",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 2781250,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "HUN",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 178.73087963044188,
      "median_price_across_markets": 13768.742746615086,
      "price_spread_pct": 20198.4401938519,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 13.550994495412844,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 68357362
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 9027237.473231712,
        "active_destinations": 113,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 24.876427264501284
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 11039179.100412672,
        "active_destinations": 112,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 22.287456524179525
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 8713722.385316934,
        "active_destinations": 129,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -21.0654858838988
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 11156446.273250118,
        "active_destinations": 132,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 28.03306990878316
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 9184612.21633102,
        "active_destinations": 119,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -17.674392083498642
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 8247934.44777572,
        "active_destinations": 128,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -10.198337681473452
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 12950085.450972788,
        "active_destinations": 120,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 57.01004333836735
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 54294926.98092092,
        "active_destinations": 126,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 319.2630788922121
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 57815799.760459624,
        "active_destinations": 124,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 6.484717772575569
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 45112008.01492848,
        "active_destinations": 137,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -21.972872118287807
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 30244968.67263715,
        "active_destinations": 114,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -32.95583592149462
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 25880457.085349567,
        "active_destinations": 118,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -14.430537635954602
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 20240442.03503302,
        "active_destinations": 116,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -21.79256352280289
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 18959632.99605694,
        "active_destinations": 118,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -6.327969699274362
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 15476327.82929041,
        "active_destinations": 125,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -18.372218320317472
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "NLD",
      "exports_usd": 603610428740.4897,
      "imports_usd": 645561033336.487,
      "trade_balance_usd": -41950604595.997314,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -8.008916915796272,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -4.722721439157751,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.645767218835581,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.38272554667302394,
      "export_partner_hhi": 781.9067457409539,
      "export_product_hhi": 96.24022744820329,
      "momentum_score": -6.0999720067080645,
      "risk_score": 4.390734865945785,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1214927.698572656,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 67520.42189562811,
      "population": 17993485,
      "labor_force": 9144.03,
      "investment_rate_pct": 22.01,
      "savings_rate_pct": 30.56,
      "secondary_education_pct": 95.03,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 28.63,
      "total_factor_productivity": 2497.15,
      "trade_openness_pct": 121.93359096967393,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 58.919363239933645,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 3,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 3,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6678.971193415638,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 1.1111111111111112,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.1111111111111112,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925509,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.024784923491291175,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10573883182796391,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6651.770600909362,
      "num_border_partners": 70,
      "num_colonial_partners": 165,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.866256815759774,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.88850174216027,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.671312427409988,
      "real_market_potential": 1402598.844325892,
      "foreign_market_potential": 50503.726227131716
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "731512",
    "hs_description": "Chain: articulated link, (other than roller), of iron or steel",
    "hs_chapter": 73,
    "hs_heading": 7315
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 731512,
      "corridor_rank": 32,
      "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
      "importer_iso3": "MEX",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 7275474.535289636,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 7039333.781359817,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 10477788.545608299,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 13479411.223714873,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 20528728.093357433,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -22.540008252488164,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -27.835695068749956,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 23.882775551045455,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 48725930.882098526,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 73596628.7624032,
      "historical_peak_year": 2018,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -46.42278380353362,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -6.8268,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 13.936,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 9.885608427496763,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -4.851922778689337,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 63.56453208368835,
      "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 56,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 4242.6,
      "distance_km": 9229.3623046875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.10968114655848482,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.13100950524598787,
      "volatility_cv": 1.9168796501146639,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 85.06857764730242,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "NLD",
    "hs_code": 731512,
    "num_markets": 146,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ECU",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 2781250,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "HUN",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 178.73087963044188,
    "median_price_across_markets": 13768.742746615086,
    "price_spread_pct": 20198.4401938519,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 13.550994495412844,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 68357362
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 9027237.473231712,
      "active_destinations": 113,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 24.876427264501284
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 11039179.100412672,
      "active_destinations": 112,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.287456524179525
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 8713722.385316934,
      "active_destinations": 129,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -21.0654858838988
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 11156446.273250118,
      "active_destinations": 132,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 28.03306990878316
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 9184612.21633102,
      "active_destinations": 119,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -17.674392083498642
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 8247934.44777572,
      "active_destinations": 128,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.198337681473452
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 12950085.450972788,
      "active_destinations": 120,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 57.01004333836735
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 54294926.98092092,
      "active_destinations": 126,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 319.2630788922121
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 57815799.760459624,
      "active_destinations": 124,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.484717772575569
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 45112008.01492848,
      "active_destinations": 137,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -21.972872118287807
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 30244968.67263715,
      "active_destinations": 114,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -32.95583592149462
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 25880457.085349567,
      "active_destinations": 118,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.430537635954602
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 20240442.03503302,
      "active_destinations": 116,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -21.79256352280289
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 18959632.99605694,
      "active_destinations": 118,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.327969699274362
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 15476327.82929041,
      "active_destinations": 125,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -18.372218320317472
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "NLD",
    "exports_usd": 603610428740.4897,
    "imports_usd": 645561033336.487,
    "trade_balance_usd": -41950604595.997314,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -8.008916915796272,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -4.722721439157751,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.645767218835581,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.38272554667302394,
    "export_partner_hhi": 781.9067457409539,
    "export_product_hhi": 96.24022744820329,
    "momentum_score": -6.0999720067080645,
    "risk_score": 4.390734865945785,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1214927.698572656,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 67520.42189562811,
    "population": 17993485,
    "labor_force": 9144.03,
    "investment_rate_pct": 22.01,
    "savings_rate_pct": 30.56,
    "secondary_education_pct": 95.03,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 28.63,
    "total_factor_productivity": 2497.15,
    "trade_openness_pct": 121.93359096967393,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 58.919363239933645,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 3,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 3,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6678.971193415638,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 1.1111111111111112,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.1111111111111112,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925509,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.024784923491291175,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10573883182796391,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6651.770600909362,
    "num_border_partners": 70,
    "num_colonial_partners": 165,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.866256815759774,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.88850174216027,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.671312427409988,
    "real_market_potential": 1402598.844325892,
    "foreign_market_potential": 50503.726227131716
  }
}