# The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia HS 851981 exports | Yugalinks

Explore reported HS 851981 exports from The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia: destinations, growth, concentration, prices, and history.

## Exporter position

| Measure | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Exporter | The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia |
| HS6 | 851981 |
| Latest exports | $106.5K |
| Active destinations | 4 |
| Three-year growth | +381.9% |
| Destination HHI | 4,378 |
| Weighted share | 0.8% |

## Destination markets

No destination observations are available.

## Price intelligence

- Highest reported market price: Austria at $97.2K / ton.
- Lowest reported market price: Switzerland, Liechtenstein at $2.3K / ton.
- Median reported price: $29.0K / ton.
- Price spread: 327.3%.

## Export history

- 2010: $127.5
- 2011: $13.2K
- 2012: $4.8K
- 2013: $1.4K
- 2014: $21.7K
- 2015: $70.3
- 2016: $32.5
- 2017: $1.0K
- 2018: $381.5
- 2019: $78.2K
- 2020: $335.7K
- 2021: $564.5
- 2022: $70.5K
- 2023: $80.4K
- 2024: $63.2K

## Methods

Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.

Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed.

## Complete structured values

```json
{
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  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/mkd/851981",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/851981",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/mkd/851981",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "851981",
    "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 42,
    "current_lane_count": 4,
    "active_market_count": 4,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 106508.9865162888,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 63168.08616932891,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 71370.33776020388,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 110080.86836894024,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 63012.08604618425,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 381.8792086995006,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -4.1803961521679645,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 11.264740803981743,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 166588.1879137666,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 575090.7154222577,
    "historical_peak_year": 2020,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 370.6144678955189,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "AUT",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 57727.26919458092,
    "top_market_share_pct": 54.19943526150489,
    "destination_hhi": 4378.400684702981,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 0.7656760682273906,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -0.7837431588759967,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.8413815170360701,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 60.470852601692215,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 73.80952380952381,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 72,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:25",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 851981,
      "hs_description": "Sound recording or reproducing apparatus: using magnetic, optical or semiconductor media, n.e.c. in item no 8519.20, 8519.30 or 8519.50",
      "hs_chapter": 85,
      "hs_heading": 8519,
      "substitution_elasticity": -2.3415401,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null
    },
    "hs_description": "Sound recording or reproducing apparatus: using magnetic, optical or semiconductor media, n.e.c. in item no 8519.20, 8519.30 or 8519.50",
    "hs_chapter": 85,
    "hs_heading": 8519,
    "destinations": [],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "hs_code": 851981,
      "num_markets": 10,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "AUT",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 97191.08802624384,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "CHE",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 2266.666666666667,
      "median_price_across_markets": 29000,
      "price_spread_pct": 327.32559089509374,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.8407142857142855,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 585385
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 127.51295696488026,
        "active_destinations": 2,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 11.756986072846866
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 13234.679173054987,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 10279.085771417014
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 4790.289118948265,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -63.80502272619493
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      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 1413.516967876266,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -70.49203225991062
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      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 21723.11560945194,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1436.8132185982715
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      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 70.25976967921852,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -99.67656679206436
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      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 32.48717314055882,
        "active_destinations": 2,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -53.76134409650947
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      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 1028.8401877839026,
        "active_destinations": 30,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3066.9120096492493
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      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 381.49023691696146,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -62.92036008637236
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      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 78203.44124962064,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 20399.4607153323
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      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 335728.8035977135,
        "active_destinations": 3,
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        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 564.5249663761261,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -99.83185089860429
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 70510.27451956425,
        "active_destinations": 2,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 12390.195955759618
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 80432.65259171845,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 14.072244278954082
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
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        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -21.464623963138003
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      "country_iso3": "MKD",
      "exports_usd": 8831053392.989801,
      "imports_usd": 11187546878.64174,
      "trade_balance_usd": -2356493485.6519394,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -5.6496486272974655,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8544939535283689,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.3712374891684087,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.7735768798242226,
      "export_partner_hhi": 1617.3266207278066,
      "export_product_hhi": 538.8921544456343,
      "momentum_score": -3.543382792357703,
      "risk_score": 10.781093875867205,
      "gdp_million_usd": 16951.6822454202,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 9291.85661671864,
      "population": 1824359,
      "labor_force": 949,
      "investment_rate_pct": 26.92,
      "savings_rate_pct": 15.86,
      "secondary_education_pct": 92.64,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 25.53,
      "total_factor_productivity": 564.51,
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      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 36,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 4,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 0,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6453.814814814815,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258192,
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      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 13.333333333333334,
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      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.4814814814814816,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1049075905221974,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.11045196049217888,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.021126087240615897,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.08932587325156299,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6470.458390784242,
      "num_border_partners": 90,
      "num_colonial_partners": 25,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -9.304610070590353,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 71.93138124815144,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.1943212067435667,
      "real_market_potential": 75028590.67146744,
      "foreign_market_potential": 524812.4069814223
    },
    "countryMap": {}
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  "product": {
    "hs_code": "851981",
    "hs_description": "Sound recording or reproducing apparatus: using magnetic, optical or semiconductor media, n.e.c. in item no 8519.20, 8519.30 or 8519.50",
    "hs_chapter": 85,
    "hs_heading": 8519
  },
  "destinations": [],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
    "hs_code": 851981,
    "num_markets": 10,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "AUT",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 97191.08802624384,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "CHE",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 2266.666666666667,
    "median_price_across_markets": 29000,
    "price_spread_pct": 327.32559089509374,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.8407142857142855,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 585385
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  "history": [
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      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 127.51295696488026,
      "active_destinations": 2,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.756986072846866
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    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 13234.679173054987,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10279.085771417014
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    {
      "year": 2012,
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      "yoy_growth_pct": -63.80502272619493
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    {
      "year": 2013,
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      "year": 2014,
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    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 70.25976967921852,
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      "yoy_growth_pct": -99.67656679206436
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    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 32.48717314055882,
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      "yoy_growth_pct": -53.76134409650947
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    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 1028.8401877839026,
      "active_destinations": 30,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3066.9120096492493
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    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 381.49023691696146,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -62.92036008637236
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    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 78203.44124962064,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 20399.4607153323
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 335728.8035977135,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 329.3018289643898
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    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 564.5249663761261,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -99.83185089860429
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    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 70510.27451956425,
      "active_destinations": 2,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12390.195955759618
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    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 80432.65259171845,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 14.072244278954082
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    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 63168.08616932891,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -21.464623963138003
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  ],
  "economy": {
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    "country_iso3": "MKD",
    "exports_usd": 8831053392.989801,
    "imports_usd": 11187546878.64174,
    "trade_balance_usd": -2356493485.6519394,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -5.6496486272974655,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8544939535283689,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.3712374891684087,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.7735768798242226,
    "export_partner_hhi": 1617.3266207278066,
    "export_product_hhi": 538.8921544456343,
    "momentum_score": -3.543382792357703,
    "risk_score": 10.781093875867205,
    "gdp_million_usd": 16951.6822454202,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 9291.85661671864,
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    "labor_force": 949,
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    "savings_rate_pct": 15.86,
    "secondary_education_pct": 92.64,
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    "total_factor_productivity": 564.51,
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    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 36,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
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}
```