{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/mkd/731819",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/731819",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/mkd/731819",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "731819",
    "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 50,
    "current_lane_count": 15,
    "active_market_count": 15,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 150139.9538104886,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 131463.3085146415,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 135632.43646368958,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 128274.41314200456,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 99034.3548849423,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.8519101716653044,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 7.196178488632787,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 1.9849036812301213,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 151429.3397370457,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 510447.48881755833,
    "historical_peak_year": 2007,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60.714285714285715,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -2.8368138528954256,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "top_market_iso3": "CHE",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 43561.96984700927,
    "top_market_share_pct": 29.01424220630477,
    "destination_hhi": 1723.157345428035,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 0.15580269410614186,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.09646004359635951,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.0729934252718447,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 84.55130270465352,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 52,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 77.5,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:25",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 731819,
      "hs_description": "Iron or steel: threaded screws, bolts and nuts n.e.s. in item no. 7318.1",
      "hs_chapter": 73,
      "hs_heading": 7318,
      "substitution_elasticity": -5.0935621,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way vertical trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Iron or steel: threaded screws, bolts and nuts n.e.s. in item no. 7318.1",
    "hs_chapter": 73,
    "hs_heading": 7318,
    "destinations": [],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
      "hs_code": 731819,
      "num_markets": 30,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "USA",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 419367.81609195407,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "BGR",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 153.84615384615384,
      "median_price_across_markets": 6896.55172413793,
      "price_spread_pct": 6078.602564102566,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 1.3543132530120483,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 638577
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 44185.85212234834,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -49.21155303696232
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 57694.08632567266,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 30.571401375084307
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 52053.71774184288,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -9.776337477624525
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 42262.041113067964,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -18.810715264058782
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 108005.4466510763,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 155.5613590979155
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 92628.48128139373,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -14.237212887382967
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 88019.2680600385,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -4.976021583850665
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 34969.78034149755,
        "active_destinations": 17,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -60.270312271121774
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 40476.98271980472,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 15.7484614559387
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 92876.97073666549,
        "active_destinations": 22,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 129.45626006659415
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 99593.530824597,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.231674369500054
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 134881.22549435712,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 35.43171366412183
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 162607.12448069715,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 20.555788164528483
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 112826.8763957301,
        "active_destinations": 20,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -30.613817348990995
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 131463.3085146415,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 16.517724069171077
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "MKD",
      "exports_usd": 8831053392.989801,
      "imports_usd": 11187546878.64174,
      "trade_balance_usd": -2356493485.6519394,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -5.6496486272974655,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8544939535283689,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.3712374891684087,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.7735768798242226,
      "export_partner_hhi": 1617.3266207278066,
      "export_product_hhi": 538.8921544456343,
      "momentum_score": -3.543382792357703,
      "risk_score": 10.781093875867205,
      "gdp_million_usd": 16951.6822454202,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 9291.85661671864,
      "population": 1824359,
      "labor_force": 949,
      "investment_rate_pct": 26.92,
      "savings_rate_pct": 15.86,
      "secondary_education_pct": 92.64,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 25.53,
      "total_factor_productivity": 564.51,
      "trade_openness_pct": 147.11673133762523,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 64.89942812264457,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 36,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 4,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 0,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6453.814814814815,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258192,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 13.333333333333334,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.4814814814814816,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1049075905221974,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.11045196049217888,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.021126087240615897,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.08932587325156299,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6470.458390784242,
      "num_border_partners": 90,
      "num_colonial_partners": 25,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -9.304610070590353,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 71.93138124815144,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.1943212067435667,
      "real_market_potential": 75028590.67146744,
      "foreign_market_potential": 524812.4069814223
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "731819",
    "hs_description": "Iron or steel: threaded screws, bolts and nuts n.e.s. in item no. 7318.1",
    "hs_chapter": 73,
    "hs_heading": 7318
  },
  "destinations": [],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "MKD",
    "hs_code": 731819,
    "num_markets": 30,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "USA",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 419367.81609195407,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "BGR",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 153.84615384615384,
    "median_price_across_markets": 6896.55172413793,
    "price_spread_pct": 6078.602564102566,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 1.3543132530120483,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 638577
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 44185.85212234834,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -49.21155303696232
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 57694.08632567266,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 30.571401375084307
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 52053.71774184288,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.776337477624525
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 42262.041113067964,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -18.810715264058782
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 108005.4466510763,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 155.5613590979155
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 92628.48128139373,
      "active_destinations": 16,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.237212887382967
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 88019.2680600385,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.976021583850665
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 34969.78034149755,
      "active_destinations": 17,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -60.270312271121774
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 40476.98271980472,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 15.7484614559387
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 92876.97073666549,
      "active_destinations": 22,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 129.45626006659415
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 99593.530824597,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.231674369500054
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 134881.22549435712,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 35.43171366412183
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 162607.12448069715,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 20.555788164528483
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 112826.8763957301,
      "active_destinations": 20,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -30.613817348990995
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 131463.3085146415,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 16.517724069171077
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "MKD",
    "exports_usd": 8831053392.989801,
    "imports_usd": 11187546878.64174,
    "trade_balance_usd": -2356493485.6519394,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -5.6496486272974655,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8544939535283689,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.3712374891684087,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.7735768798242226,
    "export_partner_hhi": 1617.3266207278066,
    "export_product_hhi": 538.8921544456343,
    "momentum_score": -3.543382792357703,
    "risk_score": 10.781093875867205,
    "gdp_million_usd": 16951.6822454202,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 9291.85661671864,
    "population": 1824359,
    "labor_force": 949,
    "investment_rate_pct": 26.92,
    "savings_rate_pct": 15.86,
    "secondary_education_pct": 92.64,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 25.53,
    "total_factor_productivity": 564.51,
    "trade_openness_pct": 147.11673133762523,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 64.89942812264457,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 36,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 4,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 0,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6453.814814814815,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258192,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 13.333333333333334,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.4814814814814816,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1049075905221974,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.11045196049217888,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.021126087240615897,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.08932587325156299,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6470.458390784242,
    "num_border_partners": 90,
    "num_colonial_partners": 25,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -9.304610070590353,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 71.93138124815144,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.1943212067435667,
    "real_market_potential": 75028590.67146744,
    "foreign_market_potential": 524812.4069814223
  }
}