{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/kwt/490290",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/490290",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/kwt/490290",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "490290",
    "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 97,
    "current_lane_count": 15,
    "active_market_count": 15,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 178308.66636624967,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 100663.86870713913,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 113498.6943485572,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 117769.88300936404,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 127268.3623488355,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -9.928465585720836,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -0.6136111299839264,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -11.822688483276888,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 825869.8486795165,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 7281227.99953989,
    "historical_peak_year": 2011,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 44.827586206896555,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 1.8942228975560518,
    "trend_label": "Declining",
    "top_market_iso3": "MAR",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 46303.041355339104,
    "top_market_share_pct": 25.967914122711065,
    "destination_hhi": 1373.1821536651917,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 12.166839868989154,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -6.271714541464132,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.04714551610866,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 90.50271203194526,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 35.05154639175258,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 87.5,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:12",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 490290,
      "hs_description": "Newspapers, journals and periodicals: whether or not illustrated or containing advertising material, appearing less frequently than four times a week",
      "hs_chapter": 49,
      "hs_heading": 4902,
      "substitution_elasticity": -16.894833,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way horizontal trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Newspapers, journals and periodicals: whether or not illustrated or containing advertising material, appearing less frequently than four times a week",
    "hs_chapter": 49,
    "hs_heading": 4902,
    "destinations": [],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "hs_code": 490290,
      "num_markets": 34,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "MLT",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 3073000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "USA",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 70.07874015748031,
      "median_price_across_markets": 4718.669250645995,
      "price_spread_pct": 65122.80810610221,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 4.398128571428571,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 681855
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 962964.7125340806,
        "active_destinations": 20,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.3563564577748934
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 6151284.5320748035,
        "active_destinations": 19,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 538.7860792829521
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 726005.376273053,
        "active_destinations": 25,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -88.19749968502637
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 309314.8127530939,
        "active_destinations": 23,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -57.39496939527352
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 354246.10557891673,
        "active_destinations": 24,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 14.526072135345355
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 170237.59851631266,
        "active_destinations": 22,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -51.9436922988591
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 192418.5336275975,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 13.029398502211247
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 92236.7912799133,
        "active_destinations": 17,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -52.06449735324025
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 125131.31597279532,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 35.66312773506634
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 103809.96904491611,
        "active_destinations": 17,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -17.03917741304236
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 110597.20204379539,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 6.538132186459474
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 137756.12995735317,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 24.556613921212143
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 134287.82694150895,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -2.5177122912192376
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 105544.38739702357,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -21.404352277593265
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 100663.86870713913,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -4.624138535690695
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "KWT",
      "exports_usd": 81293297442.36078,
      "imports_usd": 38489342442.256134,
      "trade_balance_usd": 42803955000.104645,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -7.631647654966756,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -0.769918801565872,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 8.638843831790766,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.8688918809294242,
      "export_partner_hhi": 661.9687505619632,
      "export_product_hhi": 2827.097439782203,
      "momentum_score": -2.750500208939499,
      "risk_score": 17.44533095172083,
      "gdp_million_usd": 160227.2730533338,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 32717.718663125463,
      "population": 4897263,
      "labor_force": 2515.79,
      "investment_rate_pct": 20.17,
      "savings_rate_pct": 61.05,
      "secondary_education_pct": 57.04,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 6.59,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1708.96,
      "trade_openness_pct": 77.9250660016988,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 52.88567337298466,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 16,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 2,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 27,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6872.131687242799,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 5.9259259259259265,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 10,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.7407407407407408,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13266214004721683,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13803995916458547,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.03114489567805393,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10689506348653155,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6945.558400488382,
      "num_border_partners": 50,
      "num_colonial_partners": 25,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -9.456357615000327,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 71.18184896715205,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.352522858110396,
      "real_market_potential": 288073.4827253443,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15317.01353657308
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "490290",
    "hs_description": "Newspapers, journals and periodicals: whether or not illustrated or containing advertising material, appearing less frequently than four times a week",
    "hs_chapter": 49,
    "hs_heading": 4902
  },
  "destinations": [],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
    "hs_code": 490290,
    "num_markets": 34,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "MLT",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 3073000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "USA",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 70.07874015748031,
    "median_price_across_markets": 4718.669250645995,
    "price_spread_pct": 65122.80810610221,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 4.398128571428571,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 681855
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 962964.7125340806,
      "active_destinations": 20,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.3563564577748934
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 6151284.5320748035,
      "active_destinations": 19,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 538.7860792829521
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 726005.376273053,
      "active_destinations": 25,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -88.19749968502637
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 309314.8127530939,
      "active_destinations": 23,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -57.39496939527352
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 354246.10557891673,
      "active_destinations": 24,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 14.526072135345355
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 170237.59851631266,
      "active_destinations": 22,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -51.9436922988591
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 192418.5336275975,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.029398502211247
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 92236.7912799133,
      "active_destinations": 17,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -52.06449735324025
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 125131.31597279532,
      "active_destinations": 12,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 35.66312773506634
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 103809.96904491611,
      "active_destinations": 17,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -17.03917741304236
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 110597.20204379539,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.538132186459474
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 137756.12995735317,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 24.556613921212143
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 134287.82694150895,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.5177122912192376
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 105544.38739702357,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -21.404352277593265
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 100663.86870713913,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.624138535690695
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "KWT",
    "exports_usd": 81293297442.36078,
    "imports_usd": 38489342442.256134,
    "trade_balance_usd": 42803955000.104645,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -7.631647654966756,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -0.769918801565872,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 8.638843831790766,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.8688918809294242,
    "export_partner_hhi": 661.9687505619632,
    "export_product_hhi": 2827.097439782203,
    "momentum_score": -2.750500208939499,
    "risk_score": 17.44533095172083,
    "gdp_million_usd": 160227.2730533338,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 32717.718663125463,
    "population": 4897263,
    "labor_force": 2515.79,
    "investment_rate_pct": 20.17,
    "savings_rate_pct": 61.05,
    "secondary_education_pct": 57.04,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 6.59,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1708.96,
    "trade_openness_pct": 77.9250660016988,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 52.88567337298466,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 16,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 2,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 27,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6872.131687242799,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 5.9259259259259265,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 10,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.7407407407407408,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13266214004721683,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13803995916458547,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.03114489567805393,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10689506348653155,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6945.558400488382,
    "num_border_partners": 50,
    "num_colonial_partners": 25,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -9.456357615000327,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 71.18184896715205,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.352522858110396,
    "real_market_potential": 288073.4827253443,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15317.01353657308
  }
}