{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/kwt/490199",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/490199",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/kwt/490199",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "490199",
    "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 139,
    "current_lane_count": 53,
    "active_market_count": 53,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 2607069.2729424736,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 2398237.5917748953,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 3511209.179098508,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 3194451.763924791,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2582414.23258487,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.718409667074155,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 0.8939638285230256,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 4.13682710588239,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 2109010.0351852323,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 10670930.455719586,
    "historical_peak_year": 2023,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 3.581582561191765,
    "trend_label": "Growing",
    "top_market_iso3": "SAU",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 1631834.6053906933,
    "top_market_share_pct": 62.592682991845486,
    "destination_hhi": 4068.6119615101297,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 1.2239496582649116,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -0.9963362680230289,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.1384556043555587,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 91.75198914265447,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 21.58273381294964,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:12",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 490199,
      "hs_description": "Printed matter: books, brochures, leaflets and similar printed matter n.e.c. in item no. 4901.10 or 4901.91",
      "hs_chapter": 49,
      "hs_heading": 4901,
      "substitution_elasticity": -16.298405,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way vertical trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Printed matter: books, brochures, leaflets and similar printed matter n.e.c. in item no. 4901.10 or 4901.91",
    "hs_chapter": 49,
    "hs_heading": 4901,
    "destinations": [],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
      "hs_code": 490199,
      "num_markets": 89,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "KAZ",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 444800,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SEN",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 175.33333333333334,
      "median_price_across_markets": 8095,
      "price_spread_pct": 5492.583899526458,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 13.5887875,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 17095821
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 3669620.4992378806,
        "active_destinations": 62,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -5.9205092478055
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 2197322.451582898,
        "active_destinations": 66,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -40.121261802433104
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 2676458.7611708804,
        "active_destinations": 76,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 21.805461881246618
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 3139190.4322360195,
        "active_destinations": 72,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 17.28895202041918
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 1599001.2152268123,
        "active_destinations": 74,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -49.063261699359316
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 2175440.636903108,
        "active_destinations": 68,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 36.04996770402892
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 2268146.1952665756,
        "active_destinations": 66,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 4.26146118587912
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 1832102.7785005283,
        "active_destinations": 58,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -19.224660988609642
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 1282337.1955515016,
        "active_destinations": 59,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -30.00735490390875
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 2293856.7000030293,
        "active_destinations": 61,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 78.88092991145736
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 3519863.545923471,
        "active_destinations": 48,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 53.44740348945174
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 1918767.7364049596,
        "active_destinations": 67,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -45.4874397438736
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 3655026.6599566042,
        "active_destinations": 51,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 90.48822797097542
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 4480363.285564026,
        "active_destinations": 47,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 22.58086472116788
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 2398237.5917748953,
        "active_destinations": 53,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -46.47225149125413
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "KWT",
      "exports_usd": 81293297442.36078,
      "imports_usd": 38489342442.256134,
      "trade_balance_usd": 42803955000.104645,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -7.631647654966756,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -0.769918801565872,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 8.638843831790766,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.8688918809294242,
      "export_partner_hhi": 661.9687505619632,
      "export_product_hhi": 2827.097439782203,
      "momentum_score": -2.750500208939499,
      "risk_score": 17.44533095172083,
      "gdp_million_usd": 160227.2730533338,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 32717.718663125463,
      "population": 4897263,
      "labor_force": 2515.79,
      "investment_rate_pct": 20.17,
      "savings_rate_pct": 61.05,
      "secondary_education_pct": 57.04,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 6.59,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1708.96,
      "trade_openness_pct": 77.9250660016988,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 52.88567337298466,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 16,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 2,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 27,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6872.131687242799,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 5.9259259259259265,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 10,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.7407407407407408,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13266214004721683,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13803995916458547,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.03114489567805393,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10689506348653155,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6945.558400488382,
      "num_border_partners": 50,
      "num_colonial_partners": 25,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -9.456357615000327,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 71.18184896715205,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.352522858110396,
      "real_market_potential": 288073.4827253443,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15317.01353657308
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "490199",
    "hs_description": "Printed matter: books, brochures, leaflets and similar printed matter n.e.c. in item no. 4901.10 or 4901.91",
    "hs_chapter": 49,
    "hs_heading": 4901
  },
  "destinations": [],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "KWT",
    "hs_code": 490199,
    "num_markets": 89,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "KAZ",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 444800,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SEN",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 175.33333333333334,
    "median_price_across_markets": 8095,
    "price_spread_pct": 5492.583899526458,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 13.5887875,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 17095821
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 3669620.4992378806,
      "active_destinations": 62,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.9205092478055
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 2197322.451582898,
      "active_destinations": 66,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -40.121261802433104
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 2676458.7611708804,
      "active_destinations": 76,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 21.805461881246618
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 3139190.4322360195,
      "active_destinations": 72,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 17.28895202041918
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 1599001.2152268123,
      "active_destinations": 74,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -49.063261699359316
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 2175440.636903108,
      "active_destinations": 68,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 36.04996770402892
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 2268146.1952665756,
      "active_destinations": 66,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.26146118587912
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 1832102.7785005283,
      "active_destinations": 58,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -19.224660988609642
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 1282337.1955515016,
      "active_destinations": 59,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -30.00735490390875
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 2293856.7000030293,
      "active_destinations": 61,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 78.88092991145736
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 3519863.545923471,
      "active_destinations": 48,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 53.44740348945174
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 1918767.7364049596,
      "active_destinations": 67,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -45.4874397438736
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 3655026.6599566042,
      "active_destinations": 51,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 90.48822797097542
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 4480363.285564026,
      "active_destinations": 47,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.58086472116788
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 2398237.5917748953,
      "active_destinations": 53,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -46.47225149125413
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "KWT",
    "exports_usd": 81293297442.36078,
    "imports_usd": 38489342442.256134,
    "trade_balance_usd": 42803955000.104645,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -7.631647654966756,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -0.769918801565872,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 8.638843831790766,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.8688918809294242,
    "export_partner_hhi": 661.9687505619632,
    "export_product_hhi": 2827.097439782203,
    "momentum_score": -2.750500208939499,
    "risk_score": 17.44533095172083,
    "gdp_million_usd": 160227.2730533338,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 32717.718663125463,
    "population": 4897263,
    "labor_force": 2515.79,
    "investment_rate_pct": 20.17,
    "savings_rate_pct": 61.05,
    "secondary_education_pct": 57.04,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 6.59,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1708.96,
    "trade_openness_pct": 77.9250660016988,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 52.88567337298466,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 16,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 2,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 27,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6872.131687242799,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 5.9259259259259265,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 10,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.7407407407407408,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13266214004721683,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13803995916458547,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.03114489567805393,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10689506348653155,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6945.558400488382,
    "num_border_partners": 50,
    "num_colonial_partners": 25,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -9.456357615000327,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 71.18184896715205,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.352522858110396,
    "real_market_potential": 288073.4827253443,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15317.01353657308
  }
}