{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/kor/848120",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/848120",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/kor/848120",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "848120",
    "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 178,
    "current_lane_count": 140,
    "active_market_count": 140,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 199257274.13032332,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 199106789.8663255,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 216770771.4814032,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 249003749.93924546,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 274032709.2885803,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -12.11797086802353,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -9.239860858309722,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 0.7647715209470496,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 134623639.59606048,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 489368491.9810954,
    "historical_peak_year": 2018,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -12.88274238897058,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "CHN",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 73297837.75740194,
    "top_market_share_pct": 36.78552669021349,
    "destination_hhi": 1798.8554477510818,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 5.468724133052586,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 1.0413778133978355,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.1500901969378945,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 83.83260269669721,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 12.92134831460674,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:10",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 848120,
      "hs_description": "Valves: for oleohydraulic or pneumatic transmissions",
      "hs_chapter": 84,
      "hs_heading": 8481,
      "substitution_elasticity": -3.5055051,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Valves: for oleohydraulic or pneumatic transmissions",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8481,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 848120,
        "corridor_rank": 37,
        "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
        "importer_iso3": "CHN",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 73297837.75740194,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 60259839.718550466,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 76129201.69876678,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 102154631.41068223,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 105295472.01661754,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -18.81262330324922,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -9.12345531366351,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -3.3530996536121904,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 145415494.8280818,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 1544797873.2652535,
        "historical_peak_year": 2020,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 75.86206896551724,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -15.459523649637031,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -5.3374,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 20.4332,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 4.744817365813147,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.12727029103033338,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 24.139942762279805,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 75,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1351.69,
        "distance_km": 955.6510620117188,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.29886233885252517,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.19096898705858587,
        "volatility_cv": 0.8140542576559493,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 78.16068608019538,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 848120,
        "corridor_rank": 89,
        "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
        "importer_iso3": "IND",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 30410183.7555519,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 6708533.494339601,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 25295548.340308893,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 22007871.62472119,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 18556806.385128,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 19.060400778651164,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 11.10909685523418,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 23.853491869076326,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 30410183.7555519,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 268329127.5419695,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 75.86206896551724,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -4.793091090425161,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 6.1411,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 13.4547,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 11.333165368264178,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.8137148285446649,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 26.087057701634382,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 66,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1383.89,
        "distance_km": 4692.671875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.5178343248545455,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.4423262793264647,
        "volatility_cv": 1.404407313835192,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 95.42625518246044,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
      "hs_code": 848120,
      "num_markets": 159,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "LBY",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1379625,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GUY",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 804.6448087431694,
      "median_price_across_markets": 48250,
      "price_spread_pct": 2857.658767235766,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 89.72771537290716,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 1319270059
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 138023293.25786597,
        "active_destinations": 126,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 57.82937700417388
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 179154995.47696045,
        "active_destinations": 125,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 29.800551231775792
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 133163943.47543626,
        "active_destinations": 132,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -25.671096627299296
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 150556550.283321,
        "active_destinations": 132,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 13.061048174120064
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 184501042.97409794,
        "active_destinations": 134,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 22.546008544230965
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 235227429.44060472,
        "active_destinations": 141,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 27.493820982696693
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 310306813.49582356,
        "active_destinations": 139,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 31.917784517632757
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 288710743.08145994,
        "active_destinations": 139,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -6.959586278840855
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 337759932.2506058,
        "active_destinations": 140,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 16.989041919824444
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 323303424.9210816,
        "active_destinations": 141,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -4.28011316593882
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 301356604.0122037,
        "active_destinations": 136,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -6.788304489578214
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 293349831.23981416,
        "active_destinations": 144,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -2.656909676373075
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 230274140.04118618,
        "active_destinations": 141,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -21.501867218414542
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 220931384.53669813,
        "active_destinations": 139,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -4.057231742486166
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 199106789.8663255,
        "active_destinations": 140,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -9.878449237141963
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "KOR",
      "exports_usd": 719146445390.6676,
      "imports_usd": 602781511915.9164,
      "trade_balance_usd": 116364933474.75122,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 8.99738243181556,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -2.0488493611390823,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.3762912989319096,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5600101180488037,
      "export_partner_hhi": 1005.4152216058833,
      "export_product_hhi": 224.2651640980364,
      "momentum_score": 7.011055091950464,
      "risk_score": 6.148401928519599,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1875388.209406803,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 36238.63990831499,
      "population": 51751065,
      "labor_force": 28232.98,
      "investment_rate_pct": 32.11,
      "savings_rate_pct": 33.94,
      "secondary_education_pct": 97.7,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 60.3,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1485.56,
      "trade_openness_pct": 81.8058450718175,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 44.50347113880819,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 58,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 1,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 1,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 9523.444444444445,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 21.48148148148148,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.3703703703703704,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.3703703703703704,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1325559179132643,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13730118197136373,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.040044337595312784,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09725684437605095,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9624.182081122517,
      "num_border_partners": 20,
      "num_colonial_partners": 25,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.797487279973065,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.69542668552569,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.710985384252711,
      "real_market_potential": 193723.88455191866,
      "foreign_market_potential": 21832.519125198414
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "848120",
    "hs_description": "Valves: for oleohydraulic or pneumatic transmissions",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8481
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 848120,
      "corridor_rank": 37,
      "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
      "importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 73297837.75740194,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 60259839.718550466,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 76129201.69876678,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 102154631.41068223,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 105295472.01661754,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -18.81262330324922,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -9.12345531366351,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -3.3530996536121904,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 145415494.8280818,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 1544797873.2652535,
      "historical_peak_year": 2020,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 75.86206896551724,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -15.459523649637031,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -5.3374,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 20.4332,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 4.744817365813147,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.12727029103033338,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 24.139942762279805,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 75,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1351.69,
      "distance_km": 955.6510620117188,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.29886233885252517,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.19096898705858587,
      "volatility_cv": 0.8140542576559493,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 78.16068608019538,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 848120,
      "corridor_rank": 89,
      "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
      "importer_iso3": "IND",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 30410183.7555519,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 6708533.494339601,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 25295548.340308893,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 22007871.62472119,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 18556806.385128,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 19.060400778651164,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 11.10909685523418,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 23.853491869076326,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 30410183.7555519,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 268329127.5419695,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 75.86206896551724,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -4.793091090425161,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 6.1411,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 13.4547,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 11.333165368264178,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.8137148285446649,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 26.087057701634382,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 66,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1383.89,
      "distance_km": 4692.671875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.5178343248545455,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.4423262793264647,
      "volatility_cv": 1.404407313835192,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 95.42625518246044,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
    "hs_code": 848120,
    "num_markets": 159,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "LBY",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1379625,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GUY",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 804.6448087431694,
    "median_price_across_markets": 48250,
    "price_spread_pct": 2857.658767235766,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 89.72771537290716,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 1319270059
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 138023293.25786597,
      "active_destinations": 126,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 57.82937700417388
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 179154995.47696045,
      "active_destinations": 125,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 29.800551231775792
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 133163943.47543626,
      "active_destinations": 132,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -25.671096627299296
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 150556550.283321,
      "active_destinations": 132,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.061048174120064
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 184501042.97409794,
      "active_destinations": 134,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.546008544230965
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 235227429.44060472,
      "active_destinations": 141,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 27.493820982696693
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 310306813.49582356,
      "active_destinations": 139,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 31.917784517632757
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 288710743.08145994,
      "active_destinations": 139,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.959586278840855
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 337759932.2506058,
      "active_destinations": 140,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 16.989041919824444
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 323303424.9210816,
      "active_destinations": 141,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.28011316593882
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 301356604.0122037,
      "active_destinations": 136,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.788304489578214
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 293349831.23981416,
      "active_destinations": 144,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.656909676373075
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 230274140.04118618,
      "active_destinations": 141,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -21.501867218414542
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 220931384.53669813,
      "active_destinations": 139,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.057231742486166
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 199106789.8663255,
      "active_destinations": 140,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.878449237141963
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "KOR",
    "exports_usd": 719146445390.6676,
    "imports_usd": 602781511915.9164,
    "trade_balance_usd": 116364933474.75122,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 8.99738243181556,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -2.0488493611390823,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.3762912989319096,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5600101180488037,
    "export_partner_hhi": 1005.4152216058833,
    "export_product_hhi": 224.2651640980364,
    "momentum_score": 7.011055091950464,
    "risk_score": 6.148401928519599,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1875388.209406803,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 36238.63990831499,
    "population": 51751065,
    "labor_force": 28232.98,
    "investment_rate_pct": 32.11,
    "savings_rate_pct": 33.94,
    "secondary_education_pct": 97.7,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 60.3,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1485.56,
    "trade_openness_pct": 81.8058450718175,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 44.50347113880819,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 58,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 1,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 1,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 9523.444444444445,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 21.48148148148148,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.3703703703703704,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.3703703703703704,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1325559179132643,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13730118197136373,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.040044337595312784,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09725684437605095,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9624.182081122517,
    "num_border_partners": 20,
    "num_colonial_partners": 25,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.797487279973065,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.69542668552569,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.710985384252711,
    "real_market_potential": 193723.88455191866,
    "foreign_market_potential": 21832.519125198414
  }
}