{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/kor/841231",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/841231",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/kor/841231",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "841231",
    "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 144,
    "current_lane_count": 102,
    "active_market_count": 102,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 18342551.780865025,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 18278777.21795888,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 18322006.772009283,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 19026096.381625984,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 18545925.56095145,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -2.499278476666067,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -1.687712422202936,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 1.6971362327747208,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 10718744.534586592,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 40900555.22273206,
    "historical_peak_year": 2020,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 68.96551724137932,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -4.196414709440788,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "top_market_iso3": "CHN",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 4348580.299576199,
    "top_market_share_pct": 23.707608142682982,
    "destination_hhi": 1286.4164503852262,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 3.8243155254432533,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -0.49553586853459136,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.9931688544105022,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 77.3839771195451,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 25,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:10",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 841231,
      "hs_description": "Engines: pneumatic power engines and motors, linear acting (cylinders)",
      "hs_chapter": 84,
      "hs_heading": 8412,
      "substitution_elasticity": -4.7707782,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way vertical trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Engines: pneumatic power engines and motors, linear acting (cylinders)",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8412,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 841231,
        "corridor_rank": 98,
        "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
        "importer_iso3": "CHN",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 4348580.299576199,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3478778.9540977944,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 4587776.313796249,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 4991491.853927028,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5913807.793420311,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -11.487979471711917,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -4.200280815517255,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -5.976046205813612,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 9137439.996154862,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 158837230.1327721,
        "historical_peak_year": 2015,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -5.511933265898305,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -0.7274,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 17.3658,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 2.7377588339592784,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.09582827023588925,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 21.024390101350157,
        "peer_top_exporter": "TWN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 65,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1392.76,
        "distance_km": 955.6510620117188,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.29886233885252517,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.19096898705858587,
        "volatility_cv": 0.7969284374892658,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 85.05603801633202,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
      "hs_code": 841231,
      "num_markets": 117,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 3386629.6296296297,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "LBY",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 292.04892966360853,
      "median_price_across_markets": 46481.48148148148,
      "price_spread_pct": 7285.34778317921,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 7.446025114155252,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 84203026
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 7800167.539732468,
        "active_destinations": 65,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.625204071710932
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 12046363.977149958,
        "active_destinations": 77,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 54.43724658205388
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 12142783.99659406,
        "active_destinations": 82,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.8004076551812307
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 13635166.6989949,
        "active_destinations": 82,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 12.290284524697455
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 15447560.508551298,
        "active_destinations": 90,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 13.292054652254432
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 17462845.923880536,
        "active_destinations": 81,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 13.045978452155198
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 17315172.081675004,
        "active_destinations": 87,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.8456459093164599
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 16458763.375401719,
        "active_destinations": 91,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -4.946001704364464
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 19189469.44669066,
        "active_destinations": 93,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 16.591198311837275
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 19902522.87373666,
        "active_destinations": 93,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.7158579554630227
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 20443701.447676618,
        "active_destinations": 95,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 2.719145594622555
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 19720760.14442543,
        "active_destinations": 97,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.5362544551996917
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 17808642.59018864,
        "active_destinations": 91,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -9.695962732842712
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 18878600.507880334,
        "active_destinations": 95,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 6.008082380636732
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 18278777.21795888,
        "active_destinations": 102,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.1772656541520434
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "KOR",
      "exports_usd": 719146445390.6676,
      "imports_usd": 602781511915.9164,
      "trade_balance_usd": 116364933474.75122,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 8.99738243181556,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -2.0488493611390823,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.3762912989319096,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5600101180488037,
      "export_partner_hhi": 1005.4152216058833,
      "export_product_hhi": 224.2651640980364,
      "momentum_score": 7.011055091950464,
      "risk_score": 6.148401928519599,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1875388.209406803,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 36238.63990831499,
      "population": 51751065,
      "labor_force": 28232.98,
      "investment_rate_pct": 32.11,
      "savings_rate_pct": 33.94,
      "secondary_education_pct": 97.7,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 60.3,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1485.56,
      "trade_openness_pct": 81.8058450718175,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 44.50347113880819,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 58,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 1,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 1,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 9523.444444444445,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 21.48148148148148,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.3703703703703704,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.3703703703703704,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1325559179132643,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13730118197136373,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.040044337595312784,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09725684437605095,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9624.182081122517,
      "num_border_partners": 20,
      "num_colonial_partners": 25,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.797487279973065,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.69542668552569,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.710985384252711,
      "real_market_potential": 193723.88455191866,
      "foreign_market_potential": 21832.519125198414
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "841231",
    "hs_description": "Engines: pneumatic power engines and motors, linear acting (cylinders)",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8412
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 841231,
      "corridor_rank": 98,
      "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
      "importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 4348580.299576199,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3478778.9540977944,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 4587776.313796249,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 4991491.853927028,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5913807.793420311,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -11.487979471711917,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -4.200280815517255,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -5.976046205813612,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 9137439.996154862,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 158837230.1327721,
      "historical_peak_year": 2015,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -5.511933265898305,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -0.7274,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 17.3658,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 2.7377588339592784,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.09582827023588925,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 21.024390101350157,
      "peer_top_exporter": "TWN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 65,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1392.76,
      "distance_km": 955.6510620117188,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.29886233885252517,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.19096898705858587,
      "volatility_cv": 0.7969284374892658,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 85.05603801633202,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
    "hs_code": 841231,
    "num_markets": 117,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ESP",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 3386629.6296296297,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "LBY",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 292.04892966360853,
    "median_price_across_markets": 46481.48148148148,
    "price_spread_pct": 7285.34778317921,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 7.446025114155252,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 84203026
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 7800167.539732468,
      "active_destinations": 65,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.625204071710932
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 12046363.977149958,
      "active_destinations": 77,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 54.43724658205388
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 12142783.99659406,
      "active_destinations": 82,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.8004076551812307
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 13635166.6989949,
      "active_destinations": 82,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.290284524697455
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 15447560.508551298,
      "active_destinations": 90,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.292054652254432
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 17462845.923880536,
      "active_destinations": 81,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.045978452155198
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 17315172.081675004,
      "active_destinations": 87,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.8456459093164599
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 16458763.375401719,
      "active_destinations": 91,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.946001704364464
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 19189469.44669066,
      "active_destinations": 93,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 16.591198311837275
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 19902522.87373666,
      "active_destinations": 93,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.7158579554630227
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 20443701.447676618,
      "active_destinations": 95,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.719145594622555
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 19720760.14442543,
      "active_destinations": 97,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.5362544551996917
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 17808642.59018864,
      "active_destinations": 91,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.695962732842712
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 18878600.507880334,
      "active_destinations": 95,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.008082380636732
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 18278777.21795888,
      "active_destinations": 102,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.1772656541520434
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "KOR",
    "exports_usd": 719146445390.6676,
    "imports_usd": 602781511915.9164,
    "trade_balance_usd": 116364933474.75122,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 8.99738243181556,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -2.0488493611390823,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.3762912989319096,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5600101180488037,
    "export_partner_hhi": 1005.4152216058833,
    "export_product_hhi": 224.2651640980364,
    "momentum_score": 7.011055091950464,
    "risk_score": 6.148401928519599,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1875388.209406803,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 36238.63990831499,
    "population": 51751065,
    "labor_force": 28232.98,
    "investment_rate_pct": 32.11,
    "savings_rate_pct": 33.94,
    "secondary_education_pct": 97.7,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 60.3,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1485.56,
    "trade_openness_pct": 81.8058450718175,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 44.50347113880819,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 58,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 1,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 1,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 9523.444444444445,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 21.48148148148148,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.3703703703703704,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.3703703703703704,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1325559179132643,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13730118197136373,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.040044337595312784,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09725684437605095,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9624.182081122517,
    "num_border_partners": 20,
    "num_colonial_partners": 25,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.797487279973065,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.69542668552569,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.710985384252711,
    "real_market_potential": 193723.88455191866,
    "foreign_market_potential": 21832.519125198414
  }
}