{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/kor/481720",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/481720",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/kor/481720",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "481720",
    "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 127,
    "current_lane_count": 61,
    "active_market_count": 61,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 453277.8759392583,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 420609.6148637484,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 408115.9123236882,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 409127.6702505755,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 465169.28642076906,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.8291283465369457,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -5.762729270114986,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -5.931177779546381,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 1495071.711556367,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 7760934.052013059,
    "historical_peak_year": 1995,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 7.760306126083327,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "top_market_iso3": "JPN",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 182683.04000087632,
    "top_market_share_pct": 40.30265973655349,
    "destination_hhi": 2251.8468356971525,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 8.719147926403306,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 3.638860214338163,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.3000478484073494,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 95.8330221439839,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 44.09448818897638,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:10",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 481720,
      "hs_description": "Paper and paperboard: letter cards, plain postcards and correspondence cards",
      "hs_chapter": 48,
      "hs_heading": 4817,
      "substitution_elasticity": -13.565848,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Paper and paperboard: letter cards, plain postcards and correspondence cards",
    "hs_chapter": 48,
    "hs_heading": 4817,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 481720,
        "corridor_rank": 14,
        "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
        "importer_iso3": "USA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 29,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 99132.91121442425,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 365583.02035671053,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 75829.47810430825,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 93160.39399973067,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 188856.22060533793,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 31.55989875022169,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -21.979403046551848,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -9.122415544246232,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 2425733.7907518153,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 10860479.666643545,
        "historical_peak_year": 1995,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 40.68231429446792,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 13.7422,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 2.9714,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 44.8276,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.9127857540113743,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.6864294713938988,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 41.66557595658453,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 62,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2242.8,
        "distance_km": 11065.7021484375,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04295669226020202,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.03830231714616161,
        "volatility_cv": 1.7874950296331091,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.99973716737476,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Declining",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
      "hs_code": 481720,
      "num_markets": 83,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "HKG",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 392714.2857142857,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "AGO",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 11.71875,
      "median_price_across_markets": 15017.488076311605,
      "price_spread_pct": 2614.968395305269,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 1.1136527777777776,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 2690711
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 1317507.8814238578,
        "active_destinations": 44,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 14.234303332469148
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 1322736.226426763,
        "active_destinations": 40,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.39683595647677283
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 661877.6361330249,
        "active_destinations": 43,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -49.96147962764883
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 658008.1433951015,
        "active_destinations": 38,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.5846235809583546
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 775214.9348316966,
        "active_destinations": 37,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 17.81236183975585
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 662319.2349731011,
        "active_destinations": 42,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -14.563148203937246
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 318919.82998239534,
        "active_destinations": 45,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -51.84801933234693
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 520602.03709401045,
        "active_destinations": 45,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 63.23915547137603
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 538279.5263539794,
        "active_destinations": 43,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.3955858795029483
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 565933.8845513265,
        "active_destinations": 40,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.13754598557057
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 422942.17730608326,
        "active_destinations": 42,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -25.266503941287656
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 398348.4369757298,
        "active_destinations": 52,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -5.814917889486096
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 321631.5285064352,
        "active_destinations": 51,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -19.25874469389941
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 482106.593600881,
        "active_destinations": 66,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 49.894071591689425
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 420609.6148637484,
        "active_destinations": 61,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.755888335359256
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "KOR",
      "exports_usd": 719146445390.6676,
      "imports_usd": 602781511915.9164,
      "trade_balance_usd": 116364933474.75122,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 8.99738243181556,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -2.0488493611390823,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.3762912989319096,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5600101180488037,
      "export_partner_hhi": 1005.4152216058833,
      "export_product_hhi": 224.2651640980364,
      "momentum_score": 7.011055091950464,
      "risk_score": 6.148401928519599,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1875388.209406803,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 36238.63990831499,
      "population": 51751065,
      "labor_force": 28232.98,
      "investment_rate_pct": 32.11,
      "savings_rate_pct": 33.94,
      "secondary_education_pct": 97.7,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 60.3,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1485.56,
      "trade_openness_pct": 81.8058450718175,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 44.50347113880819,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 58,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 1,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 1,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 9523.444444444445,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 21.48148148148148,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.3703703703703704,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.3703703703703704,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1325559179132643,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13730118197136373,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.040044337595312784,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09725684437605095,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9624.182081122517,
      "num_border_partners": 20,
      "num_colonial_partners": 25,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.797487279973065,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.69542668552569,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.710985384252711,
      "real_market_potential": 193723.88455191866,
      "foreign_market_potential": 21832.519125198414
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "481720",
    "hs_description": "Paper and paperboard: letter cards, plain postcards and correspondence cards",
    "hs_chapter": 48,
    "hs_heading": 4817
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 481720,
      "corridor_rank": 14,
      "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 29,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 99132.91121442425,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 365583.02035671053,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 75829.47810430825,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 93160.39399973067,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 188856.22060533793,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 31.55989875022169,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -21.979403046551848,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -9.122415544246232,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 2425733.7907518153,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 10860479.666643545,
      "historical_peak_year": 1995,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 40.68231429446792,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 13.7422,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 2.9714,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 44.8276,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.9127857540113743,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.6864294713938988,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 41.66557595658453,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 62,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2242.8,
      "distance_km": 11065.7021484375,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04295669226020202,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.03830231714616161,
      "volatility_cv": 1.7874950296331091,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.99973716737476,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Declining",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
    "hs_code": 481720,
    "num_markets": 83,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "HKG",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 392714.2857142857,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "AGO",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 11.71875,
    "median_price_across_markets": 15017.488076311605,
    "price_spread_pct": 2614.968395305269,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 1.1136527777777776,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 2690711
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 1317507.8814238578,
      "active_destinations": 44,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 14.234303332469148
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 1322736.226426763,
      "active_destinations": 40,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.39683595647677283
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 661877.6361330249,
      "active_destinations": 43,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -49.96147962764883
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 658008.1433951015,
      "active_destinations": 38,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.5846235809583546
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 775214.9348316966,
      "active_destinations": 37,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 17.81236183975585
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 662319.2349731011,
      "active_destinations": 42,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.563148203937246
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 318919.82998239534,
      "active_destinations": 45,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -51.84801933234693
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 520602.03709401045,
      "active_destinations": 45,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 63.23915547137603
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 538279.5263539794,
      "active_destinations": 43,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.3955858795029483
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 565933.8845513265,
      "active_destinations": 40,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.13754598557057
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 422942.17730608326,
      "active_destinations": 42,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -25.266503941287656
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 398348.4369757298,
      "active_destinations": 52,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.814917889486096
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 321631.5285064352,
      "active_destinations": 51,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -19.25874469389941
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 482106.593600881,
      "active_destinations": 66,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 49.894071591689425
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 420609.6148637484,
      "active_destinations": 61,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.755888335359256
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "KOR",
    "exports_usd": 719146445390.6676,
    "imports_usd": 602781511915.9164,
    "trade_balance_usd": 116364933474.75122,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 8.99738243181556,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -2.0488493611390823,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.3762912989319096,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5600101180488037,
    "export_partner_hhi": 1005.4152216058833,
    "export_product_hhi": 224.2651640980364,
    "momentum_score": 7.011055091950464,
    "risk_score": 6.148401928519599,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1875388.209406803,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 36238.63990831499,
    "population": 51751065,
    "labor_force": 28232.98,
    "investment_rate_pct": 32.11,
    "savings_rate_pct": 33.94,
    "secondary_education_pct": 97.7,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 60.3,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1485.56,
    "trade_openness_pct": 81.8058450718175,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 44.50347113880819,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 58,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 1,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 1,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 9523.444444444445,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 21.48148148148148,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.3703703703703704,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.3703703703703704,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1325559179132643,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13730118197136373,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.040044337595312784,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09725684437605095,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9624.182081122517,
    "num_border_partners": 20,
    "num_colonial_partners": 25,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.797487279973065,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.69542668552569,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.710985384252711,
    "real_market_potential": 193723.88455191866,
    "foreign_market_potential": 21832.519125198414
  }
}