{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/kor/410190",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/410190",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/kor/410190",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "410190",
    "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 67,
    "current_lane_count": 5,
    "active_market_count": 5,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 6513540.621951526,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 5870455.610605015,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 4919451.580706508,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 4649378.289973332,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2706360.7824482485,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 6.612498552987178,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 34.39929345974886,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 8.8281571850374,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 3066878.452717387,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 16387500.64167097,
    "historical_peak_year": 1995,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 44.827586206896555,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -2.2156586320502214,
    "trend_label": "Growing",
    "top_market_iso3": "JPN",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 5649712.364631677,
    "top_market_share_pct": 86.73796161785452,
    "destination_hhi": 7548.466994679988,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 29.210937855510966,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 2.6998009813596298,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.3787890749651572,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 96.56911827313976,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 62.6865671641791,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 72.5,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:10",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 410190,
      "hs_description": "Hides and skins: other than whole, but including butts, bends and bellies, of bovine (including. buffalo) and equine animals, fresh, salted or preserved, but not tanned, parchment dressed or further prepared, whether or not dehaired or split",
      "hs_chapter": 41,
      "hs_heading": 4101,
      "substitution_elasticity": null,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null
    },
    "hs_description": "Hides and skins: other than whole, but including butts, bends and bellies, of bovine (including. buffalo) and equine animals, fresh, salted or preserved, but not tanned, parchment dressed or further prepared, whether or not dehaired or split",
    "hs_chapter": 41,
    "hs_heading": 4101,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 410190,
        "corridor_rank": 5,
        "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
        "importer_iso3": "JPN",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 25,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 5649712.364631677,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1242384.0974707638,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 4785648.045415459,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 4514279.48697474,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 3158621.4829573906,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.344934856628325,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 33.548320751510865,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 15.912221851636609,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 5649712.364631677,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 17655060.28754285,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.333333333333336,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -10.567286995008285,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 16.0211,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 2.2857,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 32.00052717247321,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 2.2741697238965486,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 57.02433258534123,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 11,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 4325.78,
        "distance_km": 1156.6695556640625,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.019192582961135757,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.025107009371248486,
        "volatility_cv": 1.3711999079513557,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 97.265218171117,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','buyer_macro_weakness']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 410190,
        "corridor_rank": 85,
        "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
        "importer_iso3": "ESP",
        "latest_data_year": 2008,
        "lane_data_years": 5,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 23045.7152262087,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 7388.598114695264,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 23045.7152262087,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 11764.576621991517,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 8594.458532486467,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 262.59053529063937,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 59.19106484841168,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 20.559882691872122,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 23045.7152262087,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 14945098.733738713,
        "historical_peak_year": 2008,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 25,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 242.03065259876723,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -21.456,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 0.5259,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.22920004808357686,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.2241948724316311,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 44.58053879125757,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 17,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2583.24,
        "distance_km": 10012.6416015625,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.017017810458070715,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.044109323943012604,
        "volatility_cv": 1.1060980321513227,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 93.64473202918816,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "Medium",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
      "hs_code": 410190,
      "num_markets": 11,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 48307.69230769231,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "THA",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 192.57419270492875,
      "median_price_across_markets": 2664.720762794318,
      "price_spread_pct": 1805.634526018111,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 1982.0945789473687,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 14346307
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 372645.7765443251,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 2.478946546828947
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 539748.8225668729,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 44.84232924149924
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 115234.95989607305,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -78.6502619221933
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 270406.9822014744,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 134.65707146975743
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 2519179.1681697406,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 831.6250444645526
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 1829536.8236145226,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -27.375676699337898
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 512470.66609844303,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -71.9890488410077
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 21256.341188486327,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -95.8521838234536
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 114741.39449204721,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 439.79842285462485
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 1338711.1492223258,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1066.720306258011
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 3644053.6221455364,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 172.20611587962148
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 4844483.085601599,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 32.94214597065333
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 4212858.038585081,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -13.038027708132283
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 4675041.092929427,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 10.9707721008224
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 5870455.610605015,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 25.57013925468044
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "KOR",
      "exports_usd": 719146445390.6676,
      "imports_usd": 602781511915.9164,
      "trade_balance_usd": 116364933474.75122,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 8.99738243181556,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -2.0488493611390823,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.3762912989319096,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5600101180488037,
      "export_partner_hhi": 1005.4152216058833,
      "export_product_hhi": 224.2651640980364,
      "momentum_score": 7.011055091950464,
      "risk_score": 6.148401928519599,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1875388.209406803,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 36238.63990831499,
      "population": 51751065,
      "labor_force": 28232.98,
      "investment_rate_pct": 32.11,
      "savings_rate_pct": 33.94,
      "secondary_education_pct": 97.7,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 60.3,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1485.56,
      "trade_openness_pct": 81.8058450718175,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 44.50347113880819,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 58,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 1,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 1,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 9523.444444444445,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 21.48148148148148,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.3703703703703704,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.3703703703703704,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1325559179132643,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13730118197136373,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.040044337595312784,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09725684437605095,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9624.182081122517,
      "num_border_partners": 20,
      "num_colonial_partners": 25,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.797487279973065,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.69542668552569,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.710985384252711,
      "real_market_potential": 193723.88455191866,
      "foreign_market_potential": 21832.519125198414
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "410190",
    "hs_description": "Hides and skins: other than whole, but including butts, bends and bellies, of bovine (including. buffalo) and equine animals, fresh, salted or preserved, but not tanned, parchment dressed or further prepared, whether or not dehaired or split",
    "hs_chapter": 41,
    "hs_heading": 4101
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 410190,
      "corridor_rank": 5,
      "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
      "importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 25,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 5649712.364631677,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1242384.0974707638,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 4785648.045415459,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 4514279.48697474,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 3158621.4829573906,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.344934856628325,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 33.548320751510865,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 15.912221851636609,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 5649712.364631677,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 17655060.28754285,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.333333333333336,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -10.567286995008285,
      "trend_label": "Growing",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 16.0211,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 2.2857,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 32.00052717247321,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 2.2741697238965486,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 57.02433258534123,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 11,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 4325.78,
      "distance_km": 1156.6695556640625,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.019192582961135757,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.025107009371248486,
      "volatility_cv": 1.3711999079513557,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 97.265218171117,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','buyer_macro_weakness']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 410190,
      "corridor_rank": 85,
      "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
      "importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "latest_data_year": 2008,
      "lane_data_years": 5,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 23045.7152262087,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 7388.598114695264,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 23045.7152262087,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 11764.576621991517,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 8594.458532486467,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 262.59053529063937,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 59.19106484841168,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 20.559882691872122,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 23045.7152262087,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 14945098.733738713,
      "historical_peak_year": 2008,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 25,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 242.03065259876723,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -21.456,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 0.5259,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.22920004808357686,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.2241948724316311,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 44.58053879125757,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 17,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2583.24,
      "distance_km": 10012.6416015625,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.017017810458070715,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.044109323943012604,
      "volatility_cv": 1.1060980321513227,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 93.64473202918816,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "Medium",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
    "hs_code": 410190,
    "num_markets": 11,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "DEU",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 48307.69230769231,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "THA",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 192.57419270492875,
    "median_price_across_markets": 2664.720762794318,
    "price_spread_pct": 1805.634526018111,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 1982.0945789473687,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 14346307
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 372645.7765443251,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.478946546828947
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 539748.8225668729,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 44.84232924149924
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 115234.95989607305,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -78.6502619221933
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 270406.9822014744,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 134.65707146975743
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 2519179.1681697406,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 831.6250444645526
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 1829536.8236145226,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -27.375676699337898
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 512470.66609844303,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -71.9890488410077
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 21256.341188486327,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -95.8521838234536
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 114741.39449204721,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 439.79842285462485
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 1338711.1492223258,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1066.720306258011
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 3644053.6221455364,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 172.20611587962148
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 4844483.085601599,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 32.94214597065333
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 4212858.038585081,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.038027708132283
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 4675041.092929427,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.9707721008224
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 5870455.610605015,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 25.57013925468044
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "KOR",
    "exports_usd": 719146445390.6676,
    "imports_usd": 602781511915.9164,
    "trade_balance_usd": 116364933474.75122,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 8.99738243181556,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -2.0488493611390823,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.3762912989319096,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5600101180488037,
    "export_partner_hhi": 1005.4152216058833,
    "export_product_hhi": 224.2651640980364,
    "momentum_score": 7.011055091950464,
    "risk_score": 6.148401928519599,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1875388.209406803,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 36238.63990831499,
    "population": 51751065,
    "labor_force": 28232.98,
    "investment_rate_pct": 32.11,
    "savings_rate_pct": 33.94,
    "secondary_education_pct": 97.7,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 60.3,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1485.56,
    "trade_openness_pct": 81.8058450718175,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 44.50347113880819,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 58,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 1,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 1,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 9523.444444444445,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 21.48148148148148,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.3703703703703704,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.3703703703703704,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1325559179132643,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13730118197136373,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.040044337595312784,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09725684437605095,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9624.182081122517,
    "num_border_partners": 20,
    "num_colonial_partners": 25,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.797487279973065,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.69542668552569,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.710985384252711,
    "real_market_potential": 193723.88455191866,
    "foreign_market_potential": 21832.519125198414
  }
}