{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/kor/291811",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/291811",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/kor/291811",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "291811",
    "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 65,
    "current_lane_count": 23,
    "active_market_count": 23,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 1529938.7991629848,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 1407924.5879705653,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1379954.5230833471,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1428860.2707984864,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1689852.5896265365,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -3.622715286319722,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.148769156634002,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 1.7817855782109149,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 935533.7188000446,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 4346939.313947673,
    "historical_peak_year": 2016,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -5.404500864530637,
    "trend_label": "Declining",
    "top_market_iso3": "CHN",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 1056123.591697034,
    "top_market_share_pct": 69.03044698747618,
    "destination_hhi": 4880.260382910406,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 2.6974409301659494,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.7096853919539549,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.3047675253792796,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 78.19696178586373,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 55.38461538461539,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 81.5,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:10",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 291811,
      "hs_description": "Acids: carboxylic acids, (with alcohol function but without other oxygen function), lactic acid, its salts and esters",
      "hs_chapter": 29,
      "hs_heading": 2918,
      "substitution_elasticity": -11.463535,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Acids: carboxylic acids, (with alcohol function but without other oxygen function), lactic acid, its salts and esters",
    "hs_chapter": 29,
    "hs_heading": 2918,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 291811,
        "corridor_rank": 88,
        "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
        "importer_iso3": "CHN",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 29,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1056123.591697034,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 553091.8578336441,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 989496.7474034406,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1029356.7818034062,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1431002.3558575723,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.7985086140634645,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -0.4214674471071489,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 2.743723226342931,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 2732749.558404645,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 32025325.94450181,
        "historical_peak_year": 2016,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 64.28571428571429,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -3.5422318404063957,
        "trend_label": "Stable",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -6.8844,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 20.4642,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 72.4138,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 3.297776245984944,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.0123712734317243,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 35.36585906002095,
        "peer_top_exporter": "NLD",
        "supplier_count_latest": 30,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2515.84,
        "distance_km": 955.6510620117188,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.29886233885252517,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.19096898705858587,
        "volatility_cv": 1.3475563567040811,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 77.93793222970392,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
      "hs_code": 291811,
      "num_markets": 35,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "POL",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1191916.6666666667,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "CAN",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 1529.4117647058824,
      "median_price_across_markets": 7105.263157894737,
      "price_spread_pct": 16753.598402323896,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 45.02435555555555,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 28709360
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 200410.6287025261,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 37.682603439373416
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 381105.64537516946,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 90.16239200609112
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 300232.1373846073,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -21.220758330921175
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 329789.90815459,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.844972302921134
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 1179991.1180319313,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 257.80085710773386
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 2023038.956847012,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 71.44526987806253
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 2857358.451285663,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 41.24090105209697
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 2481556.5441230843,
        "active_destinations": 25,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -13.152074322123896
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 1243300.602142281,
        "active_destinations": 23,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -49.89835693703163
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 1148969.9878748928,
        "active_destinations": 17,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -7.587112409086819
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 1431703.5737862082,
        "active_destinations": 21,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 24.60756929206242
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 1572734.2109561823,
        "active_destinations": 19,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.85054726077214
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 1451595.64257589,
        "active_destinations": 22,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -7.702418344841823
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 1280343.338703586,
        "active_destinations": 24,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -11.797521213856282
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 1407924.5879705653,
        "active_destinations": 23,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.964612257534132
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "KOR",
      "exports_usd": 719146445390.6676,
      "imports_usd": 602781511915.9164,
      "trade_balance_usd": 116364933474.75122,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 8.99738243181556,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -2.0488493611390823,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.3762912989319096,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5600101180488037,
      "export_partner_hhi": 1005.4152216058833,
      "export_product_hhi": 224.2651640980364,
      "momentum_score": 7.011055091950464,
      "risk_score": 6.148401928519599,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1875388.209406803,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 36238.63990831499,
      "population": 51751065,
      "labor_force": 28232.98,
      "investment_rate_pct": 32.11,
      "savings_rate_pct": 33.94,
      "secondary_education_pct": 97.7,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 60.3,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1485.56,
      "trade_openness_pct": 81.8058450718175,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 44.50347113880819,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 58,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 1,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 1,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 9523.444444444445,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 21.48148148148148,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.3703703703703704,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.3703703703703704,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1325559179132643,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13730118197136373,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.040044337595312784,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09725684437605095,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9624.182081122517,
      "num_border_partners": 20,
      "num_colonial_partners": 25,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.797487279973065,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.69542668552569,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.710985384252711,
      "real_market_potential": 193723.88455191866,
      "foreign_market_potential": 21832.519125198414
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "291811",
    "hs_description": "Acids: carboxylic acids, (with alcohol function but without other oxygen function), lactic acid, its salts and esters",
    "hs_chapter": 29,
    "hs_heading": 2918
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 291811,
      "corridor_rank": 88,
      "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
      "importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 29,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1056123.591697034,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 553091.8578336441,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 989496.7474034406,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1029356.7818034062,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1431002.3558575723,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.7985086140634645,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -0.4214674471071489,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 2.743723226342931,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 2732749.558404645,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 32025325.94450181,
      "historical_peak_year": 2016,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 64.28571428571429,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -3.5422318404063957,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -6.8844,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 20.4642,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 72.4138,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 3.297776245984944,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.0123712734317243,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 35.36585906002095,
      "peer_top_exporter": "NLD",
      "supplier_count_latest": 30,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2515.84,
      "distance_km": 955.6510620117188,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.29886233885252517,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.19096898705858587,
      "volatility_cv": 1.3475563567040811,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 77.93793222970392,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "KOR",
    "hs_code": 291811,
    "num_markets": 35,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "POL",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1191916.6666666667,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "CAN",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 1529.4117647058824,
    "median_price_across_markets": 7105.263157894737,
    "price_spread_pct": 16753.598402323896,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 45.02435555555555,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 28709360
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 200410.6287025261,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 37.682603439373416
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 381105.64537516946,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 90.16239200609112
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 300232.1373846073,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -21.220758330921175
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 329789.90815459,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.844972302921134
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 1179991.1180319313,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 257.80085710773386
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 2023038.956847012,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 71.44526987806253
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 2857358.451285663,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 41.24090105209697
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 2481556.5441230843,
      "active_destinations": 25,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.152074322123896
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 1243300.602142281,
      "active_destinations": 23,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -49.89835693703163
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 1148969.9878748928,
      "active_destinations": 17,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.587112409086819
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 1431703.5737862082,
      "active_destinations": 21,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 24.60756929206242
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 1572734.2109561823,
      "active_destinations": 19,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.85054726077214
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 1451595.64257589,
      "active_destinations": 22,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.702418344841823
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 1280343.338703586,
      "active_destinations": 24,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.797521213856282
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 1407924.5879705653,
      "active_destinations": 23,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.964612257534132
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "KOR",
    "exports_usd": 719146445390.6676,
    "imports_usd": 602781511915.9164,
    "trade_balance_usd": 116364933474.75122,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 8.99738243181556,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -2.0488493611390823,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.3762912989319096,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5600101180488037,
    "export_partner_hhi": 1005.4152216058833,
    "export_product_hhi": 224.2651640980364,
    "momentum_score": 7.011055091950464,
    "risk_score": 6.148401928519599,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1875388.209406803,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 36238.63990831499,
    "population": 51751065,
    "labor_force": 28232.98,
    "investment_rate_pct": 32.11,
    "savings_rate_pct": 33.94,
    "secondary_education_pct": 97.7,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 60.3,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1485.56,
    "trade_openness_pct": 81.8058450718175,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 44.50347113880819,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 58,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 1,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 1,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 9523.444444444445,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 21.48148148148148,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.3703703703703704,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.3703703703703704,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1325559179132643,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13730118197136373,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.040044337595312784,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09725684437605095,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9624.182081122517,
    "num_border_partners": 20,
    "num_colonial_partners": 25,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.797487279973065,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.69542668552569,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.710985384252711,
    "real_market_potential": 193723.88455191866,
    "foreign_market_potential": 21832.519125198414
  }
}