{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/kaz/851110",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/851110",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/kaz/851110",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "851110",
    "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 42,
    "current_lane_count": 7,
    "active_market_count": 7,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 42922852.57350728,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 42878485.85875835,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 16306111.505469887,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 9832118.437564494,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 4943580.275613767,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 743.3490535128075,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 240.54295741645976,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 162.20917464097502,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 2326394.211233479,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 43129065.46155745,
    "historical_peak_year": 2024,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 67.85714285714286,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 581.1398788718325,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "RUS",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 42712463.74,
    "top_market_share_pct": 99.50984424171955,
    "destination_hhi": 9902.267306393564,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 46.81327035002709,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 41.16474157325544,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 4.0171772055345905,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 97.0802937527313,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 66.66666666666667,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 73.5,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:07",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 851110,
      "hs_description": "Ignition or starting equipment: spark plugs, of a kind used for spark or compression-ignition internal combustion engines",
      "hs_chapter": 85,
      "hs_heading": 8511,
      "substitution_elasticity": -7.6650944,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Ignition or starting equipment: spark plugs, of a kind used for spark or compression-ignition internal combustion engines",
    "hs_chapter": 85,
    "hs_heading": 8511,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 851110,
        "corridor_rank": 17,
        "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
        "importer_iso3": "RUS",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 22,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 42712463.74,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 2207715.039914554,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 16147996.146666666,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 9693424.371122759,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 4856597.6184573565,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1793.1377542660805,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 333.7853931563836,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 259.8844554976426,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 42712463.74,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 90796486.53870434,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 61.904761904761905,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 1533.2532987684378,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 4.1307,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 22.2507,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 72.4138,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 47.04197857016496,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 41.36803618060569,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 47.04197857016496,
        "peer_top_exporter": "KAZ",
        "supplier_count_latest": 20,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3546.04,
        "distance_km": 3104.60693359375,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.07022889163065134,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1142576971494253,
        "volatility_cv": 4.030857432674854,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 97.28973057847917,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
      "hs_code": 851110,
      "num_markets": 20,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 5750000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "ARM",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 482.1428571428571,
      "median_price_across_markets": 38750,
      "price_spread_pct": 14837.46543778802,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 79.48033333333333,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 7145091
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 4967.879365986711,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 581.9502728456742
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 7338.022393900299,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 47.709351481863834
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 11232.212349668853,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 53.06865728572296
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 619.7494177693362,
        "active_destinations": 2,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -94.48239226186274
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 2791.0049459757124,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 350.34410133395124
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 5285.552944685094,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 89.37812891755046
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 19278.708059962486,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 264.7434480691042
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 96395.67378735336,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 400.01106654830966
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 60628.20022982666,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -37.104853519079
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 93622.43329337602,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 54.420604501661444
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 170772.27079199115,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 82.40528982712698
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 71485.40062082242,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -58.13992500697312
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 818571.1680878456,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1045.0885928859304
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 5221277.489563457,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 537.8526013517168
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 42878485.85875835,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 721.2259536955459
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "KAZ",
      "exports_usd": 87795516290.23764,
      "imports_usd": 69814589084.80554,
      "trade_balance_usd": 17980927205.4321,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -8.576219587496148,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 4.409277222057284,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 12.909558360690365,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 18.02363967222025,
      "export_partner_hhi": 783.5784602184942,
      "export_product_hhi": 2193.6707734819265,
      "momentum_score": -2.130486203040194,
      "risk_score": 14.886246168502103,
      "gdp_million_usd": 291480.2746488259,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 14154.632495807635,
      "population": 20592571,
      "labor_force": 9122.36,
      "investment_rate_pct": 27.59,
      "savings_rate_pct": 36.41,
      "secondary_education_pct": 98.35,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.36,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1119.4,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.20856997639201,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 28.525346321315265,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 11,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 2,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 7647.934156378601,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 4.074074074074074,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.7407407407407408,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.2222222222222223,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.10727317410470447,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.11212636083210703,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.025022220856312206,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.08710413997579483,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 7718.2260358963085,
      "num_border_partners": 125,
      "num_colonial_partners": 25,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.133630635162035,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 73.58960176991151,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.125,
      "real_market_potential": 23994538.407020297,
      "foreign_market_potential": 344669.6749054843
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "851110",
    "hs_description": "Ignition or starting equipment: spark plugs, of a kind used for spark or compression-ignition internal combustion engines",
    "hs_chapter": 85,
    "hs_heading": 8511
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 851110,
      "corridor_rank": 17,
      "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
      "importer_iso3": "RUS",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 22,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 42712463.74,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 2207715.039914554,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 16147996.146666666,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 9693424.371122759,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 4856597.6184573565,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1793.1377542660805,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 333.7853931563836,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 259.8844554976426,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 42712463.74,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 90796486.53870434,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 61.904761904761905,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 1533.2532987684378,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 4.1307,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 22.2507,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 72.4138,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 47.04197857016496,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 41.36803618060569,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 47.04197857016496,
      "peer_top_exporter": "KAZ",
      "supplier_count_latest": 20,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3546.04,
      "distance_km": 3104.60693359375,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.07022889163065134,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1142576971494253,
      "volatility_cv": 4.030857432674854,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 97.28973057847917,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
    "hs_code": 851110,
    "num_markets": 20,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "NLD",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 5750000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "ARM",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 482.1428571428571,
    "median_price_across_markets": 38750,
    "price_spread_pct": 14837.46543778802,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 79.48033333333333,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 7145091
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 4967.879365986711,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 581.9502728456742
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 7338.022393900299,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 47.709351481863834
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 11232.212349668853,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 53.06865728572296
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 619.7494177693362,
      "active_destinations": 2,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -94.48239226186274
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 2791.0049459757124,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 350.34410133395124
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 5285.552944685094,
      "active_destinations": 9,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 89.37812891755046
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 19278.708059962486,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 264.7434480691042
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 96395.67378735336,
      "active_destinations": 9,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 400.01106654830966
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 60628.20022982666,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -37.104853519079
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 93622.43329337602,
      "active_destinations": 12,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 54.420604501661444
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 170772.27079199115,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 82.40528982712698
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 71485.40062082242,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -58.13992500697312
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 818571.1680878456,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1045.0885928859304
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 5221277.489563457,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 537.8526013517168
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 42878485.85875835,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 721.2259536955459
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "KAZ",
    "exports_usd": 87795516290.23764,
    "imports_usd": 69814589084.80554,
    "trade_balance_usd": 17980927205.4321,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -8.576219587496148,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 4.409277222057284,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 12.909558360690365,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 18.02363967222025,
    "export_partner_hhi": 783.5784602184942,
    "export_product_hhi": 2193.6707734819265,
    "momentum_score": -2.130486203040194,
    "risk_score": 14.886246168502103,
    "gdp_million_usd": 291480.2746488259,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 14154.632495807635,
    "population": 20592571,
    "labor_force": 9122.36,
    "investment_rate_pct": 27.59,
    "savings_rate_pct": 36.41,
    "secondary_education_pct": 98.35,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.36,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1119.4,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.20856997639201,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 28.525346321315265,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 11,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 2,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 7647.934156378601,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 4.074074074074074,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.7407407407407408,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.2222222222222223,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.10727317410470447,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.11212636083210703,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.025022220856312206,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.08710413997579483,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 7718.2260358963085,
    "num_border_partners": 125,
    "num_colonial_partners": 25,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.133630635162035,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 73.58960176991151,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.125,
    "real_market_potential": 23994538.407020297,
    "foreign_market_potential": 344669.6749054843
  }
}