{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/kaz/710812",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/710812",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/kaz/710812",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "710812",
    "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
    "first_data_year": 1996,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 23,
    "current_lane_count": 9,
    "active_market_count": 9,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 8283774677.835336,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 8174893797.372597,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 11487459788.46576,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 7584681733.75074,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 3833749501.5540404,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 34.97505752617263,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 175.26107667697707,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 43.76573511398991,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 2386867879.194387,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 17532182696.664265,
    "historical_peak_year": 2023,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 57.142857142857146,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -8.790677587817285,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "GBR",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 5200211892.429177,
    "top_market_share_pct": 62.77587325429359,
    "destination_hhi": 4934.359832780137,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 7.676248319388749,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -12.799161646000762,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 2.015110699913989,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 98.45492847345606,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 52.17391304347826,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 74.5,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:07",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 710812,
      "hs_description": "Metals: gold, non-monetary, unwrought (but not powder)",
      "hs_chapter": 71,
      "hs_heading": 7108,
      "substitution_elasticity": -8.5809689,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way horizontal trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Metals: gold, non-monetary, unwrought (but not powder)",
    "hs_chapter": 71,
    "hs_heading": 7108,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 710812,
        "corridor_rank": 30,
        "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
        "importer_iso3": "GBR",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 18,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 5200211892.429177,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1563182719.3864057,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 8180027962.517053,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 5579557954.109228,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2805598397.933333,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 16.764094627953785,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 362.6883456622186,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 366.9003832136819,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 13121399424.397232,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 72212652498.59854,
        "historical_peak_year": 2023,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.8235294117647,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -350.1362885857281,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 48.0361,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 36.2208,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 7.201247582658869,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -19.697645848114227,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 23.677146413809066,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CAN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 52,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1238.17,
        "distance_km": 5610.2763671875,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": null,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 2.1568000202343,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.99730729614711,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 710812,
        "corridor_rank": 53,
        "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
        "importer_iso3": "CHE",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 24,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 2601520704.980168,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 492711762.91871244,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2918184988.222942,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1752171527.143439,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1461723472.003744,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1139.184749367143,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 207.3650685284997,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 57.81407742578837,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 3551649333.664018,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 89428332777.64104,
        "historical_peak_year": 2023,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 56.52173913043478,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 1081.3706719413547,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 2.7146,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 20.5246,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 2.9090564748072807,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.1702589525896303,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 13.50186118345889,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ARE",
        "supplier_count_latest": 83,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 548.21,
        "distance_km": 5294.4482421875,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.031062581283321844,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": -0.03787242074608046,
        "volatility_cv": 1.9094244987032842,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.76761117675366,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
      "hs_code": 710812,
      "num_markets": 13,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "KGZ",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 90417467.4556213,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GBR",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 265272.7272727273,
      "median_price_across_markets": 53662529.35694315,
      "price_spread_pct": 167.99840747104884,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 4.018735294117647,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 7634866202
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 238666727.67724162,
        "active_destinations": 1,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.319412421429349
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 408223937.4070496,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 71.04350546889252
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 631951175.449242,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 54.80502673685908
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 418931848.23090655,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -33.70819384375764
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 216734588.5953439,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -48.26495299639184
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 171553273.69477087,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -20.846379525018577
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 17749475.358411577,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -89.65366560710955
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 162812593.10931545,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 817.2811580155109
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 10239144.10650672,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -93.71108591112977
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 51731860.51770069,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 405.2361797000824
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 136565906.74167287,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 163.98800540905575
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 3324463396.6147475,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 2334.3289448539153
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 9191528546.081991,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 176.481568587628
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 17095957021.942696,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 85.9968876366061
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 8174893797.372597,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -52.18229791476369
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "KAZ",
      "exports_usd": 87795516290.23764,
      "imports_usd": 69814589084.80554,
      "trade_balance_usd": 17980927205.4321,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -8.576219587496148,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 4.409277222057284,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 12.909558360690365,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 18.02363967222025,
      "export_partner_hhi": 783.5784602184942,
      "export_product_hhi": 2193.6707734819265,
      "momentum_score": -2.130486203040194,
      "risk_score": 14.886246168502103,
      "gdp_million_usd": 291480.2746488259,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 14154.632495807635,
      "population": 20592571,
      "labor_force": 9122.36,
      "investment_rate_pct": 27.59,
      "savings_rate_pct": 36.41,
      "secondary_education_pct": 98.35,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.36,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1119.4,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.20856997639201,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 28.525346321315265,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 11,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 2,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 7647.934156378601,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 4.074074074074074,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.7407407407407408,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.2222222222222223,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.10727317410470447,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.11212636083210703,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.025022220856312206,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.08710413997579483,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 7718.2260358963085,
      "num_border_partners": 125,
      "num_colonial_partners": 25,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.133630635162035,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 73.58960176991151,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.125,
      "real_market_potential": 23994538.407020297,
      "foreign_market_potential": 344669.6749054843
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "710812",
    "hs_description": "Metals: gold, non-monetary, unwrought (but not powder)",
    "hs_chapter": 71,
    "hs_heading": 7108
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 710812,
      "corridor_rank": 30,
      "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
      "importer_iso3": "GBR",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 18,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 5200211892.429177,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1563182719.3864057,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 8180027962.517053,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 5579557954.109228,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2805598397.933333,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 16.764094627953785,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 362.6883456622186,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 366.9003832136819,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 13121399424.397232,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 72212652498.59854,
      "historical_peak_year": 2023,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.8235294117647,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -350.1362885857281,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 48.0361,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 36.2208,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 7.201247582658869,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -19.697645848114227,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 23.677146413809066,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CAN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 52,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1238.17,
      "distance_km": 5610.2763671875,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": null,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 2.1568000202343,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.99730729614711,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 710812,
      "corridor_rank": 53,
      "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
      "importer_iso3": "CHE",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 24,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 2601520704.980168,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 492711762.91871244,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2918184988.222942,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1752171527.143439,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1461723472.003744,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1139.184749367143,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 207.3650685284997,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 57.81407742578837,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 3551649333.664018,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 89428332777.64104,
      "historical_peak_year": 2023,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 56.52173913043478,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 1081.3706719413547,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 2.7146,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 20.5246,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 2.9090564748072807,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.1702589525896303,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 13.50186118345889,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ARE",
      "supplier_count_latest": 83,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 548.21,
      "distance_km": 5294.4482421875,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.031062581283321844,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": -0.03787242074608046,
      "volatility_cv": 1.9094244987032842,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.76761117675366,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
    "hs_code": 710812,
    "num_markets": 13,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "KGZ",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 90417467.4556213,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GBR",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 265272.7272727273,
    "median_price_across_markets": 53662529.35694315,
    "price_spread_pct": 167.99840747104884,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 4.018735294117647,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 7634866202
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 238666727.67724162,
      "active_destinations": 1,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.319412421429349
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 408223937.4070496,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 71.04350546889252
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 631951175.449242,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 54.80502673685908
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 418931848.23090655,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -33.70819384375764
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 216734588.5953439,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -48.26495299639184
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 171553273.69477087,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -20.846379525018577
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 17749475.358411577,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -89.65366560710955
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 162812593.10931545,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 817.2811580155109
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 10239144.10650672,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -93.71108591112977
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 51731860.51770069,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 405.2361797000824
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 136565906.74167287,
      "active_destinations": 9,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 163.98800540905575
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 3324463396.6147475,
      "active_destinations": 9,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2334.3289448539153
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 9191528546.081991,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 176.481568587628
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 17095957021.942696,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 85.9968876366061
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 8174893797.372597,
      "active_destinations": 9,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -52.18229791476369
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "KAZ",
    "exports_usd": 87795516290.23764,
    "imports_usd": 69814589084.80554,
    "trade_balance_usd": 17980927205.4321,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -8.576219587496148,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 4.409277222057284,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 12.909558360690365,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 18.02363967222025,
    "export_partner_hhi": 783.5784602184942,
    "export_product_hhi": 2193.6707734819265,
    "momentum_score": -2.130486203040194,
    "risk_score": 14.886246168502103,
    "gdp_million_usd": 291480.2746488259,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 14154.632495807635,
    "population": 20592571,
    "labor_force": 9122.36,
    "investment_rate_pct": 27.59,
    "savings_rate_pct": 36.41,
    "secondary_education_pct": 98.35,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.36,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1119.4,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.20856997639201,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 28.525346321315265,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 11,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 2,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 7647.934156378601,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 4.074074074074074,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.7407407407407408,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.2222222222222223,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.10727317410470447,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.11212636083210703,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.025022220856312206,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.08710413997579483,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 7718.2260358963085,
    "num_border_partners": 125,
    "num_colonial_partners": 25,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.133630635162035,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 73.58960176991151,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.125,
    "real_market_potential": 23994538.407020297,
    "foreign_market_potential": 344669.6749054843
  }
}