{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/kaz/281820",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/281820",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/kaz/281820",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "281820",
    "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 24,
    "current_lane_count": 3,
    "active_market_count": 3,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 448593693.5765415,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 419632774.2399452,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 393265048.0897234,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 342564834.26536465,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 323456838.82933843,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 14.000257644138635,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 10.845339816006705,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 4.098205274215583,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 340379655.3198824,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 675038114.7494594,
    "historical_peak_year": 2007,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 9.902052369923052,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "RUS",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 365421645.84,
    "top_market_share_pct": 81.45938096600767,
    "destination_hhi": 6757.76018169212,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 27.360010806620476,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.9057800585503738,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.4555032694792349,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 75.74698004665898,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 75,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 71.5,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:07",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 281820,
      "hs_description": "Aluminium oxide: other than artificial corundum",
      "hs_chapter": 28,
      "hs_heading": 2818,
      "substitution_elasticity": -31.429192,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Aluminium oxide: other than artificial corundum",
    "hs_chapter": 28,
    "hs_heading": 2818,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 281820,
        "corridor_rank": 14,
        "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
        "importer_iso3": "RUS",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 365421645.84,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 264563347.58629838,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 330990706.3166666,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 253035256.89884442,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 268620767.83584356,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 29.873056329575597,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 19.136478077653617,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 2.7295330083558333,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 500640803.145461,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 2347062659.8139477,
        "historical_peak_year": 2008,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 27.143523321219764,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 68.3149,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 13.7491,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 15.569317858304096,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -6.022942246906979,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 38.44635618171056,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 20,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2375.49,
        "distance_km": 3104.60693359375,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.07022889163065134,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1142576971494253,
        "volatility_cv": 0.40795895754817957,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 78.94929821063657,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 281820,
        "corridor_rank": 65,
        "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
        "importer_iso3": "TJK",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 20,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 39474660.70505015,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 24012429.862869162,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 51541113.43058797,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 53845733.28412666,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 53882109.75025899,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -5.933726281669049,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -6.096439614606108,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 22.93175745958247,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 67179316.58911404,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 39486999.593892485,
        "historical_peak_year": 2020,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 57.89473684210526,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -28.86548374125152,
        "trend_label": "Declining",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -33.1035,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 415.5473,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 44.8276,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 99.96875202226242,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.0036722526522225962,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 99.96875202226242,
        "peer_top_exporter": "KAZ",
        "supplier_count_latest": 4,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 9993.75,
        "distance_km": 852.4202270507812,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04360300097103449,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.08524961131995401,
        "volatility_cv": 0.9741724712863574,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 91.7752806863044,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
      "hs_code": 281820,
      "num_markets": 10,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "GBR",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 31000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "RUS",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 270.1943645831473,
      "median_price_across_markets": 399.4118712193569,
      "price_spread_pct": 7693.763718540066,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 209633.19719047617,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 1538759196
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 222561195.1608766,
        "active_destinations": 2,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -26.119302716139973
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 357868948.8123124,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 60.79575262598211
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 295329670.40844774,
        "active_destinations": 1,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -17.47546933351403
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 295452341.659792,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.04153705625804762
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 280825783.8986464,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -4.950564168480278
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 324478738.23806447,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 15.544496567727183
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 301958791.30215746,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -6.940345940135069
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 317659772.1561762,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.199709796926375
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 326873090.07349074,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 2.9003728910265782
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 250773825.19667202,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -23.280981881900818
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 249790777.5713784,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.3920056746443322
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 283238249.4862746,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 13.390194882330468
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 400058955.37469405,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 41.244678676098246
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 360103414.65453106,
        "active_destinations": 2,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -9.987413150829418
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 419632774.2399452,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 16.531184421709586
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "KAZ",
      "exports_usd": 87795516290.23764,
      "imports_usd": 69814589084.80554,
      "trade_balance_usd": 17980927205.4321,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -8.576219587496148,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 4.409277222057284,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 12.909558360690365,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 18.02363967222025,
      "export_partner_hhi": 783.5784602184942,
      "export_product_hhi": 2193.6707734819265,
      "momentum_score": -2.130486203040194,
      "risk_score": 14.886246168502103,
      "gdp_million_usd": 291480.2746488259,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 14154.632495807635,
      "population": 20592571,
      "labor_force": 9122.36,
      "investment_rate_pct": 27.59,
      "savings_rate_pct": 36.41,
      "secondary_education_pct": 98.35,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.36,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1119.4,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.20856997639201,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 28.525346321315265,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 11,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 2,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 7647.934156378601,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 4.074074074074074,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.7407407407407408,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.2222222222222223,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.10727317410470447,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.11212636083210703,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.025022220856312206,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.08710413997579483,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 7718.2260358963085,
      "num_border_partners": 125,
      "num_colonial_partners": 25,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.133630635162035,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 73.58960176991151,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.125,
      "real_market_potential": 23994538.407020297,
      "foreign_market_potential": 344669.6749054843
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "281820",
    "hs_description": "Aluminium oxide: other than artificial corundum",
    "hs_chapter": 28,
    "hs_heading": 2818
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 281820,
      "corridor_rank": 14,
      "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
      "importer_iso3": "RUS",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 365421645.84,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 264563347.58629838,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 330990706.3166666,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 253035256.89884442,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 268620767.83584356,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 29.873056329575597,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 19.136478077653617,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 2.7295330083558333,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 500640803.145461,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 2347062659.8139477,
      "historical_peak_year": 2008,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 27.143523321219764,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 68.3149,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 13.7491,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 15.569317858304096,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -6.022942246906979,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 38.44635618171056,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 20,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2375.49,
      "distance_km": 3104.60693359375,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.07022889163065134,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1142576971494253,
      "volatility_cv": 0.40795895754817957,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 78.94929821063657,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 281820,
      "corridor_rank": 65,
      "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
      "importer_iso3": "TJK",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 20,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 39474660.70505015,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 24012429.862869162,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 51541113.43058797,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 53845733.28412666,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 53882109.75025899,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -5.933726281669049,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -6.096439614606108,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 22.93175745958247,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 67179316.58911404,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 39486999.593892485,
      "historical_peak_year": 2020,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 57.89473684210526,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -28.86548374125152,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -33.1035,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 415.5473,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 44.8276,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 99.96875202226242,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.0036722526522225962,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 99.96875202226242,
      "peer_top_exporter": "KAZ",
      "supplier_count_latest": 4,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 9993.75,
      "distance_km": 852.4202270507812,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04360300097103449,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.08524961131995401,
      "volatility_cv": 0.9741724712863574,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 91.7752806863044,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
    "hs_code": 281820,
    "num_markets": 10,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "GBR",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 31000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "RUS",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 270.1943645831473,
    "median_price_across_markets": 399.4118712193569,
    "price_spread_pct": 7693.763718540066,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 209633.19719047617,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 1538759196
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 222561195.1608766,
      "active_destinations": 2,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -26.119302716139973
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 357868948.8123124,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 60.79575262598211
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 295329670.40844774,
      "active_destinations": 1,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -17.47546933351403
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 295452341.659792,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.04153705625804762
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 280825783.8986464,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.950564168480278
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 324478738.23806447,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 15.544496567727183
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 301958791.30215746,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.940345940135069
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 317659772.1561762,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.199709796926375
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 326873090.07349074,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.9003728910265782
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 250773825.19667202,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -23.280981881900818
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 249790777.5713784,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.3920056746443322
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 283238249.4862746,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.390194882330468
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 400058955.37469405,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 41.244678676098246
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 360103414.65453106,
      "active_destinations": 2,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.987413150829418
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 419632774.2399452,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 16.531184421709586
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "KAZ",
    "exports_usd": 87795516290.23764,
    "imports_usd": 69814589084.80554,
    "trade_balance_usd": 17980927205.4321,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -8.576219587496148,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 4.409277222057284,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 12.909558360690365,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 18.02363967222025,
    "export_partner_hhi": 783.5784602184942,
    "export_product_hhi": 2193.6707734819265,
    "momentum_score": -2.130486203040194,
    "risk_score": 14.886246168502103,
    "gdp_million_usd": 291480.2746488259,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 14154.632495807635,
    "population": 20592571,
    "labor_force": 9122.36,
    "investment_rate_pct": 27.59,
    "savings_rate_pct": 36.41,
    "secondary_education_pct": 98.35,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.36,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1119.4,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.20856997639201,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 28.525346321315265,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 11,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 2,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 7647.934156378601,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 4.074074074074074,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.7407407407407408,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.2222222222222223,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.10727317410470447,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.11212636083210703,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.025022220856312206,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.08710413997579483,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 7718.2260358963085,
    "num_border_partners": 125,
    "num_colonial_partners": 25,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.133630635162035,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 73.58960176991151,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.125,
    "real_market_potential": 23994538.407020297,
    "foreign_market_potential": 344669.6749054843
  }
}