{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/kaz/280700",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/280700",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/kaz/280700",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "280700",
    "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 32,
    "current_lane_count": 4,
    "active_market_count": 4,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 2706694.994804651,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 2255831.0583513426,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1053206.268322617,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1101667.6944879007,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 811885.5180349877,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 23.5652127610819,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 30.97662118159594,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 10.089680376393728,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 1558704.3536974143,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 5205314.511202209,
    "historical_peak_year": 1996,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 44.827586206896555,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 13.47553238468817,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "RUS",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 2120426.42,
    "top_market_share_pct": 78.34005767439773,
    "destination_hhi": 6334.036555098799,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 60.55098273157367,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 51.61872323711019,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.9993061681602475,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 85.49071498082179,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 87.5,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 72,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:07",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 280700,
      "hs_description": "Sulphuric acid: oleum",
      "hs_chapter": 28,
      "hs_heading": 2807,
      "substitution_elasticity": null,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Sulphuric acid: oleum",
    "hs_chapter": 28,
    "hs_heading": 2807,
    "destinations": [],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
      "hs_code": 280700,
      "num_markets": 4,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "UZB",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 15400,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "RUS",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 30.180208600441414,
      "median_price_across_markets": 116.88275225510178,
      "price_spread_pct": 13149.77573239741,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 4325.487428571429,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 2968466
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 502510.6341518157,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -48.11905657439235
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 907640.1156556478,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 80.62107624600769
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 700638.7494051274,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -22.80654663450941
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 628191.8287888294,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -10.34012473301092
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 862661.5936976555,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 37.324548675026556
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 423314.4136808752,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -50.92926162779447
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 683480.2839147217,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 61.45925152219791
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 479834.35339209135,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -29.79543599359179
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 438642.72935530316,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -8.584550844597178
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 585244.9275673814,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 33.4217777706124
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 1153031.565103277,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 97.01692586998531
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 1195688.1023683753,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.699511666124894
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 615791.8398628617,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -48.498957324813745
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 287995.90675364726,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -53.23161365409054
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 2255831.0583513426,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 683.2858056142404
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "KAZ",
      "exports_usd": 87795516290.23764,
      "imports_usd": 69814589084.80554,
      "trade_balance_usd": 17980927205.4321,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -8.576219587496148,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 4.409277222057284,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 12.909558360690365,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 18.02363967222025,
      "export_partner_hhi": 783.5784602184942,
      "export_product_hhi": 2193.6707734819265,
      "momentum_score": -2.130486203040194,
      "risk_score": 14.886246168502103,
      "gdp_million_usd": 291480.2746488259,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 14154.632495807635,
      "population": 20592571,
      "labor_force": 9122.36,
      "investment_rate_pct": 27.59,
      "savings_rate_pct": 36.41,
      "secondary_education_pct": 98.35,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.36,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1119.4,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.20856997639201,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 28.525346321315265,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 11,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 2,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 7647.934156378601,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 4.074074074074074,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.7407407407407408,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.2222222222222223,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.10727317410470447,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.11212636083210703,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.025022220856312206,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.08710413997579483,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 7718.2260358963085,
      "num_border_partners": 125,
      "num_colonial_partners": 25,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.133630635162035,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 73.58960176991151,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.125,
      "real_market_potential": 23994538.407020297,
      "foreign_market_potential": 344669.6749054843
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "280700",
    "hs_description": "Sulphuric acid: oleum",
    "hs_chapter": 28,
    "hs_heading": 2807
  },
  "destinations": [],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
    "hs_code": 280700,
    "num_markets": 4,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "UZB",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 15400,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "RUS",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 30.180208600441414,
    "median_price_across_markets": 116.88275225510178,
    "price_spread_pct": 13149.77573239741,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 4325.487428571429,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 2968466
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 502510.6341518157,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -48.11905657439235
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 907640.1156556478,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 80.62107624600769
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 700638.7494051274,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -22.80654663450941
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 628191.8287888294,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.34012473301092
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 862661.5936976555,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 37.324548675026556
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 423314.4136808752,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -50.92926162779447
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 683480.2839147217,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 61.45925152219791
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 479834.35339209135,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -29.79543599359179
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 438642.72935530316,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.584550844597178
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 585244.9275673814,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 33.4217777706124
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 1153031.565103277,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 97.01692586998531
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 1195688.1023683753,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.699511666124894
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 615791.8398628617,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -48.498957324813745
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 287995.90675364726,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -53.23161365409054
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 2255831.0583513426,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 683.2858056142404
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "KAZ",
    "exports_usd": 87795516290.23764,
    "imports_usd": 69814589084.80554,
    "trade_balance_usd": 17980927205.4321,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -8.576219587496148,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 4.409277222057284,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 12.909558360690365,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 18.02363967222025,
    "export_partner_hhi": 783.5784602184942,
    "export_product_hhi": 2193.6707734819265,
    "momentum_score": -2.130486203040194,
    "risk_score": 14.886246168502103,
    "gdp_million_usd": 291480.2746488259,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 14154.632495807635,
    "population": 20592571,
    "labor_force": 9122.36,
    "investment_rate_pct": 27.59,
    "savings_rate_pct": 36.41,
    "secondary_education_pct": 98.35,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.36,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1119.4,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.20856997639201,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 28.525346321315265,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 11,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 2,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 7647.934156378601,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 4.074074074074074,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.7407407407407408,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.2222222222222223,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.10727317410470447,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.11212636083210703,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.025022220856312206,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.08710413997579483,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 7718.2260358963085,
    "num_border_partners": 125,
    "num_colonial_partners": 25,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.133630635162035,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 73.58960176991151,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.125,
    "real_market_potential": 23994538.407020297,
    "foreign_market_potential": 344669.6749054843
  }
}