{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/kaz/270112",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/270112",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/kaz/270112",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "270112",
    "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 66,
    "current_lane_count": 32,
    "active_market_count": 32,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 968049679.3712361,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 744721556.2213511,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1155206432.05687,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 935382845.0325254,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 598445050.9293745,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.9257668086693935,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 9.387093155638215,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 8.545917227928568,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 709289843.2950631,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 2205523995.694109,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -10.471684036597962,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "top_market_iso3": "POL",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 220078876.72157755,
    "top_market_share_pct": 22.734254389146884,
    "destination_hhi": 1061.2148291406772,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 15.227993380316276,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 1.2614002553942893,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.2222399079515613,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 74.92331533024465,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 54.54545454545455,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 86,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:07",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 270112,
      "hs_description": "Coal: bituminous, whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated",
      "hs_chapter": 27,
      "hs_heading": 2701,
      "substitution_elasticity": -35.083916,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Coal: bituminous, whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated",
    "hs_chapter": 27,
    "hs_heading": 2701,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 270112,
        "corridor_rank": 72,
        "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
        "importer_iso3": "POL",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 24,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 220078876.72157755,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 42552049.22500981,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 287427181.8991611,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 183774739.54871613,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 97355720.71543978,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 101.41367779075847,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 45.70556825088905,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 56.004810153189496,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 327309866.4135522,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 1058939565.8277822,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 47.82608695652174,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 45.408867637568974,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -44.2412,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 21.6591,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 20.782949643546466,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 4.202160863354067,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 24.281346552614917,
        "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 22,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1609.4,
        "distance_km": 4193.6630859375,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.14940361988505746,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 2.2224412381666565,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.94891943024396,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 270112,
        "corridor_rank": 89,
        "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
        "importer_iso3": "TUR",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 21,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 153343021.4423582,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 87931876.78367765,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 269812036.42260104,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 254789824.6644641,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 154650448.09265655,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -19.691166178704268,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -2.574051360300811,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 4.588821797918197,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 438078814.5556958,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 7215473216.682051,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -24.279987976622465,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -9.8628,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 18.8338,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 2.1251970153230113,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.5982840672396703,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 54.72070584164047,
        "peer_top_exporter": "RUS",
        "supplier_count_latest": 61,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3325.34,
        "distance_km": 3914.221923828125,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.0850539672118774,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0664665689375479,
        "volatility_cv": 1.3109917414142356,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 92.97707481361319,
        "attention_level": "Critical attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
      "hs_code": 270112,
      "num_markets": 48,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "AUT",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 8253.333333333334,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "KGZ",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 0.3448096886441103,
      "median_price_across_markets": 98.32963333705683,
      "price_spread_pct": 8393.185496131044,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 279865.3096829268,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 2763366093
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 142563819.26673865,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 85.72352003646375
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 291797871.41111314,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 104.67876976917667
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 259756880.71603197,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -10.980542983447169
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 351452638.6505784,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 35.300607892188566
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 327988786.80202657,
        "active_destinations": 19,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -6.676248594588037
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 228812573.12854016,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -30.23768423319575
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 150971554.8637899,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -34.01955460770134
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 200968681.79097483,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 33.11691859588618
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 251269245.44739166,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 25.029055874852112
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 475514228.9004203,
        "active_destinations": 19,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 89.2448986559236
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 421836690.5927964,
        "active_destinations": 19,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -11.288313796991508
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 789458238.3992208,
        "active_destinations": 24,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 87.1478361187158
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 1660666189.8765807,
        "active_destinations": 39,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 110.35516625222664
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 1060231550.0726786,
        "active_destinations": 37,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -36.15625123604919
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 744721556.2213511,
        "active_destinations": 32,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -29.758593189355597
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "KAZ",
      "exports_usd": 87795516290.23764,
      "imports_usd": 69814589084.80554,
      "trade_balance_usd": 17980927205.4321,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -8.576219587496148,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 4.409277222057284,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 12.909558360690365,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 18.02363967222025,
      "export_partner_hhi": 783.5784602184942,
      "export_product_hhi": 2193.6707734819265,
      "momentum_score": -2.130486203040194,
      "risk_score": 14.886246168502103,
      "gdp_million_usd": 291480.2746488259,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 14154.632495807635,
      "population": 20592571,
      "labor_force": 9122.36,
      "investment_rate_pct": 27.59,
      "savings_rate_pct": 36.41,
      "secondary_education_pct": 98.35,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.36,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1119.4,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.20856997639201,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 28.525346321315265,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 11,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 2,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 7647.934156378601,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 4.074074074074074,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.7407407407407408,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.2222222222222223,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.10727317410470447,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.11212636083210703,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.025022220856312206,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.08710413997579483,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 7718.2260358963085,
      "num_border_partners": 125,
      "num_colonial_partners": 25,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.133630635162035,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 73.58960176991151,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.125,
      "real_market_potential": 23994538.407020297,
      "foreign_market_potential": 344669.6749054843
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "270112",
    "hs_description": "Coal: bituminous, whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated",
    "hs_chapter": 27,
    "hs_heading": 2701
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 270112,
      "corridor_rank": 72,
      "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
      "importer_iso3": "POL",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 24,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 220078876.72157755,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 42552049.22500981,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 287427181.8991611,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 183774739.54871613,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 97355720.71543978,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 101.41367779075847,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 45.70556825088905,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 56.004810153189496,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 327309866.4135522,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 1058939565.8277822,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 47.82608695652174,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 45.408867637568974,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -44.2412,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 21.6591,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 20.782949643546466,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 4.202160863354067,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 24.281346552614917,
      "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 22,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1609.4,
      "distance_km": 4193.6630859375,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.14940361988505746,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 2.2224412381666565,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.94891943024396,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 270112,
      "corridor_rank": 89,
      "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
      "importer_iso3": "TUR",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 21,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 153343021.4423582,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 87931876.78367765,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 269812036.42260104,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 254789824.6644641,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 154650448.09265655,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -19.691166178704268,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -2.574051360300811,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 4.588821797918197,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 438078814.5556958,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 7215473216.682051,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -24.279987976622465,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -9.8628,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 18.8338,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 2.1251970153230113,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.5982840672396703,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 54.72070584164047,
      "peer_top_exporter": "RUS",
      "supplier_count_latest": 61,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3325.34,
      "distance_km": 3914.221923828125,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.0850539672118774,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0664665689375479,
      "volatility_cv": 1.3109917414142356,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 92.97707481361319,
      "attention_level": "Critical attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "KAZ",
    "hs_code": 270112,
    "num_markets": 48,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "AUT",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 8253.333333333334,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "KGZ",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 0.3448096886441103,
    "median_price_across_markets": 98.32963333705683,
    "price_spread_pct": 8393.185496131044,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 279865.3096829268,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 2763366093
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 142563819.26673865,
      "active_destinations": 9,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 85.72352003646375
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 291797871.41111314,
      "active_destinations": 9,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 104.67876976917667
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 259756880.71603197,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.980542983447169
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 351452638.6505784,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 35.300607892188566
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 327988786.80202657,
      "active_destinations": 19,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.676248594588037
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 228812573.12854016,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -30.23768423319575
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 150971554.8637899,
      "active_destinations": 16,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -34.01955460770134
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 200968681.79097483,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 33.11691859588618
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 251269245.44739166,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 25.029055874852112
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 475514228.9004203,
      "active_destinations": 19,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 89.2448986559236
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 421836690.5927964,
      "active_destinations": 19,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.288313796991508
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 789458238.3992208,
      "active_destinations": 24,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 87.1478361187158
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 1660666189.8765807,
      "active_destinations": 39,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 110.35516625222664
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 1060231550.0726786,
      "active_destinations": 37,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -36.15625123604919
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 744721556.2213511,
      "active_destinations": 32,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -29.758593189355597
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "KAZ",
    "exports_usd": 87795516290.23764,
    "imports_usd": 69814589084.80554,
    "trade_balance_usd": 17980927205.4321,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -8.576219587496148,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 4.409277222057284,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 12.909558360690365,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 18.02363967222025,
    "export_partner_hhi": 783.5784602184942,
    "export_product_hhi": 2193.6707734819265,
    "momentum_score": -2.130486203040194,
    "risk_score": 14.886246168502103,
    "gdp_million_usd": 291480.2746488259,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 14154.632495807635,
    "population": 20592571,
    "labor_force": 9122.36,
    "investment_rate_pct": 27.59,
    "savings_rate_pct": 36.41,
    "secondary_education_pct": 98.35,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.36,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1119.4,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.20856997639201,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 28.525346321315265,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 11,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 6,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 2,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 7647.934156378601,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 4.074074074074074,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0.7407407407407408,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 2.2222222222222223,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.10727317410470447,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.11212636083210703,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.025022220856312206,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.08710413997579483,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 7718.2260358963085,
    "num_border_partners": 125,
    "num_colonial_partners": 25,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.133630635162035,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 73.58960176991151,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.125,
    "real_market_potential": 23994538.407020297,
    "foreign_market_potential": 344669.6749054843
  }
}