{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/jpn/490191",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/490191",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/jpn/490191",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "490191",
    "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 157,
    "current_lane_count": 55,
    "active_market_count": 55,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 445883.51002517116,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 350024.7804058985,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 280155.6797535361,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 311741.5856829714,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 366504.9708386354,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.3020786985479713,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -4.746414977994872,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -1.967700528291394,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 1126843.7449623358,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 6605050.611369115,
    "historical_peak_year": 1995,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 34.48275862068966,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 4.269779226839365,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "top_market_iso3": "GBR",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 208656.03924559787,
    "top_market_share_pct": 46.79608789161518,
    "destination_hhi": 2404.5155417444344,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 17.944745705259926,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 16.531507504794103,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.137068998428048,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 86.99743044233156,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 38.853503184713375,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:06",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 490191,
      "hs_description": "Printed matter: dictionaries, encyclopaedias and serial instalments thereof",
      "hs_chapter": 49,
      "hs_heading": 4901,
      "substitution_elasticity": -14.187956,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Printed matter: dictionaries, encyclopaedias and serial instalments thereof",
    "hs_chapter": 49,
    "hs_heading": 4901,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 490191,
        "corridor_rank": 95,
        "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
        "importer_iso3": "GBR",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 208656.03924559787,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 50053.02351170197,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 72568.79444512936,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 56896.54372858355,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 55714.00096481951,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 123.0513292284678,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 18.124192377637538,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 49.55724393426668,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 211955.07234206673,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 3010787.008435439,
        "historical_peak_year": 2006,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 44.827586206896555,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 73.49408529420111,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 64.94,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.4677,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 41.3793,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 6.930282303630183,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 6.92967460032102,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 26.97275200532553,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 44,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1352.1,
        "distance_km": 9574.2373046875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": null,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.091088405796215,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.99476638450969,
        "attention_level": "Not monitored",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No detailed risk classification is available",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:31"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": 490191,
      "num_markets": 75,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "DOM",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1158000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "HND",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 181.81818181818184,
      "median_price_across_markets": 20559.322033898305,
      "price_spread_pct": 5631.597092108222,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.6726036036036035,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 2438060
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 496259.09473917057,
        "active_destinations": 50,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 8.25888577899806
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 414318.3832000337,
        "active_destinations": 45,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -16.511679565732535
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 520901.26603517996,
        "active_destinations": 58,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 25.72487419262974
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 883657.0939619999,
        "active_destinations": 48,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 69.64003575724091
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 426979.37282860605,
        "active_destinations": 48,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -51.68042267230783
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 229295.330502769,
        "active_destinations": 53,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -46.298265186967114
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 246174.35477296312,
        "active_destinations": 53,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.361259487135645
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 782879.695481553,
        "active_destinations": 51,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 218.01838018569075
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 401625.3354507258,
        "active_destinations": 57,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -48.69897153180296
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 446367.06376348645,
        "active_destinations": 48,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 11.140165812136589
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 391317.9333597079,
        "active_destinations": 51,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.332704375551124
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 326922.95579454064,
        "active_destinations": 57,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -16.45592294027935
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 298252.17161922326,
        "active_destinations": 50,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -8.769890173553902
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 192190.08723548648,
        "active_destinations": 52,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -35.56121110801017
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 350024.7804058985,
        "active_destinations": 55,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 82.12426324413939
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "JPN",
      "exports_usd": 740389741752.2847,
      "imports_usd": 691789705389.4546,
      "trade_balance_usd": 48600036362.83008,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -1.0722413952978127,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -4.978019335077743,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.7236616069066013,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.7946276917458315,
      "export_partner_hhi": 897.0853649088637,
      "export_product_hhi": 96.5751068492112,
      "momentum_score": -1.2676674587804493,
      "risk_score": 4.968302358790375,
      "gdp_million_usd": 4027597.5235505826,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 32487.07780475674,
      "population": 123975371,
      "labor_force": 67182.93,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.79,
      "savings_rate_pct": 24.61,
      "secondary_education_pct": 95.24,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 46.64,
      "total_factor_productivity": 2283.36,
      "trade_openness_pct": 19.979395999512008,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 10.328691613308246,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 48,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 0,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 0,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 9989.440329218107,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 17.77777777777778,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 0,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13759291822904723,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13804069222958484,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.019201928440430494,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.11883876378915435,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 10078.773537545436,
      "num_border_partners": 0,
      "num_colonial_partners": 135,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.859108559552851,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.89348283111423,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6862882504087833,
      "real_market_potential": 1053545.3175285766,
      "foreign_market_potential": 20680.15785812393
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "490191",
    "hs_description": "Printed matter: dictionaries, encyclopaedias and serial instalments thereof",
    "hs_chapter": 49,
    "hs_heading": 4901
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 490191,
      "corridor_rank": 95,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "GBR",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 208656.03924559787,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 50053.02351170197,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 72568.79444512936,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 56896.54372858355,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 55714.00096481951,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 123.0513292284678,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 18.124192377637538,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 49.55724393426668,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 211955.07234206673,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 3010787.008435439,
      "historical_peak_year": 2006,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 44.827586206896555,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 73.49408529420111,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 64.94,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.4677,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 41.3793,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 6.930282303630183,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 6.92967460032102,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 26.97275200532553,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 44,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1352.1,
      "distance_km": 9574.2373046875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": null,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 1.091088405796215,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.99476638450969,
      "attention_level": "Not monitored",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No detailed risk classification is available",
      "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:31"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
    "hs_code": 490191,
    "num_markets": 75,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "DOM",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1158000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "HND",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 181.81818181818184,
    "median_price_across_markets": 20559.322033898305,
    "price_spread_pct": 5631.597092108222,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.6726036036036035,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 2438060
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 496259.09473917057,
      "active_destinations": 50,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.25888577899806
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 414318.3832000337,
      "active_destinations": 45,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.511679565732535
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 520901.26603517996,
      "active_destinations": 58,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 25.72487419262974
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 883657.0939619999,
      "active_destinations": 48,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 69.64003575724091
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 426979.37282860605,
      "active_destinations": 48,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -51.68042267230783
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 229295.330502769,
      "active_destinations": 53,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -46.298265186967114
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 246174.35477296312,
      "active_destinations": 53,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.361259487135645
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 782879.695481553,
      "active_destinations": 51,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 218.01838018569075
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 401625.3354507258,
      "active_destinations": 57,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -48.69897153180296
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 446367.06376348645,
      "active_destinations": 48,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.140165812136589
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 391317.9333597079,
      "active_destinations": 51,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.332704375551124
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 326922.95579454064,
      "active_destinations": 57,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.45592294027935
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 298252.17161922326,
      "active_destinations": 50,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.769890173553902
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 192190.08723548648,
      "active_destinations": 52,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -35.56121110801017
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 350024.7804058985,
      "active_destinations": 55,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 82.12426324413939
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "JPN",
    "exports_usd": 740389741752.2847,
    "imports_usd": 691789705389.4546,
    "trade_balance_usd": 48600036362.83008,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -1.0722413952978127,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -4.978019335077743,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.7236616069066013,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.7946276917458315,
    "export_partner_hhi": 897.0853649088637,
    "export_product_hhi": 96.5751068492112,
    "momentum_score": -1.2676674587804493,
    "risk_score": 4.968302358790375,
    "gdp_million_usd": 4027597.5235505826,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 32487.07780475674,
    "population": 123975371,
    "labor_force": 67182.93,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.79,
    "savings_rate_pct": 24.61,
    "secondary_education_pct": 95.24,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 46.64,
    "total_factor_productivity": 2283.36,
    "trade_openness_pct": 19.979395999512008,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 10.328691613308246,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 48,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 0,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 0,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 9989.440329218107,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 17.77777777777778,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 0,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13759291822904723,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13804069222958484,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.019201928440430494,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.11883876378915435,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 10078.773537545436,
    "num_border_partners": 0,
    "num_colonial_partners": 135,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.859108559552851,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.89348283111423,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6862882504087833,
    "real_market_potential": 1053545.3175285766,
    "foreign_market_potential": 20680.15785812393
  }
}