{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/jpn/070970",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/070970",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/jpn/070970",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "070970",
    "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 34,
    "current_lane_count": 14,
    "active_market_count": 14,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 238110.6853429371,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 229994.21253267996,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 308206.2119865818,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 347672.76875725656,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 287272.78531542636,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -13.156495935320056,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -7.108984014499975,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 11.001959103844605,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 194764.32187650484,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 537079.7188692795,
    "historical_peak_year": 2020,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -24.15845503916466,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "SGP",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 120838.78500183894,
    "top_market_share_pct": 50.748997184986386,
    "destination_hhi": 3929.1142002009424,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 0.660676943887632,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.04444990757039178,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.7017371641618385,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 72.94564663333668,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 64.70588235294117,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 77,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:06",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 70970,
      "hs_description": "Vegetables: spinach, New Zealand spinach and orache spinach (garden spinach), fresh or chilled",
      "hs_chapter": 7,
      "hs_heading": 709,
      "substitution_elasticity": -6.6044993,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Vegetables: spinach, New Zealand spinach and orache spinach (garden spinach), fresh or chilled",
    "hs_chapter": 7,
    "hs_heading": 709,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 70970,
        "corridor_rank": 51,
        "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
        "importer_iso3": "SGP",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 120838.78500183894,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 73186.74091526426,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 132374.62149902855,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 152125.06821624874,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 137042.0388803448,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -9.995653671477367,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -8.496407367935122,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 9.393819228211164,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 197765.83891977018,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13619563.04676773,
        "historical_peak_year": 2020,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -19.38947289968853,
        "trend_label": "Declining",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 1.1705,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.0601,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.8872442132460121,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.22423551506681583,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 46.5738133848011,
        "peer_top_exporter": "MYS",
        "supplier_count_latest": 23,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3607.46,
        "distance_km": 5326.3876953125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.0035649841120444442,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0035649841120444442,
        "volatility_cv": 0.7505242948863541,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 65.57930273154967,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "hs_code": 70970,
      "num_markets": 17,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "MDV",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 110333.33333333333,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 2056.591006950852,
      "median_price_across_markets": 10169.441331839284,
      "price_spread_pct": 1064.7265547162474,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 4.247,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 1595403
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 178253.18139762888,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 47.744429783141776
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 122912.33069808186,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -31.046206449520998
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 70326.30787824867,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -42.78335828567429
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 75741.24724523179,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.699735035653584
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 80986.09701728969,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 6.924694222523629
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 114719.26510867785,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 41.65303593305216
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 211042.3107581562,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 83.96414112157007
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 212606.65944350843,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.741248842344644
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 263452.3662451437,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 23.91538766223146
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 332543.4078124941,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 26.225249957732714
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 462585.3277189702,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 39.10524666897043
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 351159.88010756753,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -24.087544704637896
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 380616.20464811934,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 8.388294395
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 314008.21877894615,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -17.50003942442557
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 229994.21253267996,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -26.755352637890645
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "JPN",
      "exports_usd": 740389741752.2847,
      "imports_usd": 691789705389.4546,
      "trade_balance_usd": 48600036362.83008,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -1.0722413952978127,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -4.978019335077743,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.7236616069066013,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.7946276917458315,
      "export_partner_hhi": 897.0853649088637,
      "export_product_hhi": 96.5751068492112,
      "momentum_score": -1.2676674587804493,
      "risk_score": 4.968302358790375,
      "gdp_million_usd": 4027597.5235505826,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 32487.07780475674,
      "population": 123975371,
      "labor_force": 67182.93,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.79,
      "savings_rate_pct": 24.61,
      "secondary_education_pct": 95.24,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 46.64,
      "total_factor_productivity": 2283.36,
      "trade_openness_pct": 19.979395999512008,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 10.328691613308246,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 48,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 0,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 0,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 9989.440329218107,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 17.77777777777778,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 0,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 0,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13759291822904723,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13804069222958484,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.019201928440430494,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.11883876378915435,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 10078.773537545436,
      "num_border_partners": 0,
      "num_colonial_partners": 135,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.859108559552851,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.89348283111423,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6862882504087833,
      "real_market_potential": 1053545.3175285766,
      "foreign_market_potential": 20680.15785812393
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "070970",
    "hs_description": "Vegetables: spinach, New Zealand spinach and orache spinach (garden spinach), fresh or chilled",
    "hs_chapter": 7,
    "hs_heading": 709
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 70970,
      "corridor_rank": 51,
      "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 120838.78500183894,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 73186.74091526426,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 132374.62149902855,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 152125.06821624874,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 137042.0388803448,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -9.995653671477367,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -8.496407367935122,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 9.393819228211164,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 197765.83891977018,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13619563.04676773,
      "historical_peak_year": 2020,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -19.38947289968853,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 1.1705,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.0601,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.8872442132460121,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.22423551506681583,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 46.5738133848011,
      "peer_top_exporter": "MYS",
      "supplier_count_latest": 23,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3607.46,
      "distance_km": 5326.3876953125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.0035649841120444442,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0035649841120444442,
      "volatility_cv": 0.7505242948863541,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 65.57930273154967,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "JPN",
    "hs_code": 70970,
    "num_markets": 17,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "MDV",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 110333.33333333333,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SGP",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 2056.591006950852,
    "median_price_across_markets": 10169.441331839284,
    "price_spread_pct": 1064.7265547162474,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 4.247,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 1595403
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 178253.18139762888,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 47.744429783141776
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 122912.33069808186,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -31.046206449520998
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 70326.30787824867,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -42.78335828567429
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 75741.24724523179,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.699735035653584
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 80986.09701728969,
      "active_destinations": 12,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.924694222523629
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 114719.26510867785,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 41.65303593305216
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 211042.3107581562,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 83.96414112157007
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 212606.65944350843,
      "active_destinations": 12,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.741248842344644
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 263452.3662451437,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 23.91538766223146
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 332543.4078124941,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 26.225249957732714
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 462585.3277189702,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 39.10524666897043
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 351159.88010756753,
      "active_destinations": 12,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -24.087544704637896
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 380616.20464811934,
      "active_destinations": 12,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.388294395
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 314008.21877894615,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -17.50003942442557
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 229994.21253267996,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -26.755352637890645
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "JPN",
    "exports_usd": 740389741752.2847,
    "imports_usd": 691789705389.4546,
    "trade_balance_usd": 48600036362.83008,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -1.0722413952978127,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -4.978019335077743,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.7236616069066013,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.7946276917458315,
    "export_partner_hhi": 897.0853649088637,
    "export_product_hhi": 96.5751068492112,
    "momentum_score": -1.2676674587804493,
    "risk_score": 4.968302358790375,
    "gdp_million_usd": 4027597.5235505826,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 32487.07780475674,
    "population": 123975371,
    "labor_force": 67182.93,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.79,
    "savings_rate_pct": 24.61,
    "secondary_education_pct": 95.24,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 46.64,
    "total_factor_productivity": 2283.36,
    "trade_openness_pct": 19.979395999512008,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 10.328691613308246,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 48,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 0,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 0,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 9989.440329218107,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 17.77777777777778,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 0,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 0,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13759291822904723,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13804069222958484,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.019201928440430494,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.11883876378915435,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 10078.773537545436,
    "num_border_partners": 0,
    "num_colonial_partners": 135,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.859108559552851,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.89348283111423,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6862882504087833,
    "real_market_potential": 1053545.3175285766,
    "foreign_market_potential": 20680.15785812393
  }
}