# Italy HS 731582 exports | Yugalinks Explore reported HS 731582 exports from Italy: destinations, growth, concentration, prices, and history. ## Exporter position | Measure | Value | | --- | --- | | Exporter | Italy | | HS6 | 731582 | | Latest exports | $23.1M | | Active destinations | 119 | | Three-year growth | +4.2% | | Destination HHI | 708 | | Weighted share | 9.2% | ## Destination markets - Germany: $4.5M; share 10.9%; growth +12.9% - France: $2.8M; share 16.2%; growth +4.3% - Spain: $1.5M; share 8.6%; growth +23.3% - Netherlands: $1.2M; share 4.3%; growth +3.4% - USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands: $882.7K; share 0.6%; growth +18.4% - China: $871.6K; share 1.2%; growth -5.2% - Russia: $861.2K; share 4.5%; growth +119.4% ## Price intelligence - Highest reported market price: Nicaragua at $460.5K / ton. - Lowest reported market price: El Salvador at $277.4 / ton. - Median reported price: $5.1K / ton. - Price spread: 9,097.6%. ## Export history - 2010: $21.3M - 2011: $26.5M - 2012: $22.9M - 2013: $17.0M - 2014: $18.0M - 2015: $18.2M - 2016: $12.1M - 2017: $15.7M - 2018: $18.9M - 2019: $19.5M - 2020: $15.6M - 2021: $20.2M - 2022: $23.7M - 2023: $21.3M - 2024: $22.9M ## Methods Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade. Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed. ## Complete structured values ```json { "template": "T3", "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile", "source": "api", "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com" }, "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/ita/731582", "links": { "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/731582", "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/ita/731582", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology" }, "methodology": { "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.", "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.", "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.", "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.", "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed." }, "exporter": { "hs_code": "731582", "exporter_iso3": "ITA", "first_data_year": 1995, "latest_data_year": 2024, "observed_lane_count": 170, "current_lane_count": 119, "active_market_count": 119, "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 23133129.820286054, "exports_current_2024_usd": 22863402.813696224, "exports_avg_3y_usd": 22614338.780523095, "exports_avg_5y_usd": 20726604.322388925, "exports_avg_10y_usd": 18805710.66499103, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.199837855898747, "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 3.2175075150182586, "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 2.4343735155580637, "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 22283469.521441918, "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 64892939.450096086, "historical_peak_year": 2007, "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241, "trend_acceleration_pct": 1.7654643403406833, "trend_label": "Growing", "top_market_iso3": "DEU", "top_market_exports_usd": 4512923.249564795, "top_market_share_pct": 19.50848538275739, "destination_hhi": 707.589580581057, "weighted_share_latest_pct": 9.165349845475216, "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 1.9255172417652282, "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.6898766406927849, "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 82.66208266833978, "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 24.705882352941178, "data_freshness_years": 0, "coverage_score": 100, "confidence_label": "High", "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:29:03", "source": "api", "product": { "hs_code": 731582, "hs_description": "Chain: welded link chain, of iron or steel", "hs_chapter": 73, "hs_heading": 7315, "substitution_elasticity": -8.3367205, "price_range_label": "Medium price range", "trade_type_label": "One-way trade" }, "hs_description": "Chain: welded link chain, of iron or steel", "hs_chapter": 73, "hs_heading": 7315, "destinations": [ { "hs_code": 731582, "corridor_rank": 35, "exporter_iso3": "ITA", "importer_iso3": "DEU", "latest_data_year": 2024, "lane_data_years": 30, "exports_latest_observed_usd": 4512923.249564795, "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3543953.9292913396, "exports_avg_3y_usd": 3579472.7464446486, "exports_avg_5y_usd": 3303270.784067361, "exports_avg_10y_usd": 3085949.2394376895, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 12.917218069899361, "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 5.929950370557857, "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 1.4573710479799606, "exports_historical_peak_usd": 6715615.064814038, "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 41568321.11769051, "historical_peak_year": 2011, "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516, "trend_acceleration_pct": 11.459847021919401, "trend_label": "Rapid growth", "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -1.2947, "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 5.206, "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241, "market_share_latest_pct": 10.85664065379874, "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.508963682249341, "peer_best_share_pct": 24.862734663104096, "peer_top_exporter": "CHN", "supplier_count_latest": 58, "buyer_market_hhi": 1641.25, "distance_km": 1146.023193359375, "has_reported_fta": 1, "applied_tariff_pct": 0, "tariff_advantage_pp": 0, "volatility_cv": 0.32434312427207507, "max_drawdown_pct": 71.43285570296369, "attention_level": "Stable", "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified", "risk_driver_labels": "[]", "signal_flag": "Stable", "confidence_label": "High", "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25" }, { "hs_code": 731582, "corridor_rank": 47, "exporter_iso3": "ITA", "importer_iso3": "FRA", "latest_data_year": 2024, "lane_data_years": 30, "exports_latest_observed_usd": 2820074.2239423534, "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 2528954.2557711108, "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2589777.389367751, "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2425798.1755142794, "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2125756.819898056, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.334902208030189, "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 7.590960181389761, "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 1.6013991332178845, "exports_historical_peak_usd": 5917049.3095475575, "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 17419178.64579338, "historical_peak_year": 2008, "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516, "trend_acceleration_pct": 2.7335030748123046, "trend_label": "Growing", "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -6.76, "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 3.2213, "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724, "market_share_latest_pct": 16.18947874229067, "market_share_change_1y_pp": 3.766497106876649, "peer_best_share_pct": 30.428913453368367, "peer_top_exporter": "CHN", "supplier_count_latest": 47, "buyer_market_hhi": 2114.76, "distance_km": 1109.9010009765625, "has_reported_fta": 1, "applied_tariff_pct": 0, "tariff_advantage_pp": 0, "volatility_cv": 0.4777823066828456, "max_drawdown_pct": 72.59948976507485, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']", "signal_flag": "Stable", "confidence_label": "High", "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25" }, { "hs_code": 731582, "corridor_rank": 71, "exporter_iso3": "ITA", "importer_iso3": "ESP", "latest_data_year": 2024, "lane_data_years": 30, "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1457048.9121595111, "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1359997.3538123735, "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1069377.609512857, "exports_avg_5y_usd": 915691.0407322601, "exports_avg_10y_usd": 966375.2645102788, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 23.346114562573895, "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 32.79012884468096, "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 3.035942147339399, "exports_historical_peak_usd": 3839520.5211582296, "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 16891939.244642697, "historical_peak_year": 2011, "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241, "trend_acceleration_pct": 20.310172415234497, "trend_label": "Rapid growth", "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -16.1885, "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 8.2178, "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724, "market_share_latest_pct": 8.625705379692365, "market_share_change_1y_pp": 3.5439792425368877, "peer_best_share_pct": 31.437993034671514, "peer_top_exporter": "CHN", "supplier_count_latest": 42, "buyer_market_hhi": 1992.61, "distance_km": 1366.760498046875, "has_reported_fta": 1, "applied_tariff_pct": 0, "tariff_advantage_pp": 0, "volatility_cv": 0.5949011131394036, "max_drawdown_pct": 90.80888550069524, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']", "signal_flag": "Growing", "confidence_label": "High", "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25" }, { "hs_code": 731582, "corridor_rank": 80, "exporter_iso3": "ITA", "importer_iso3": "NLD", "latest_data_year": 2024, "lane_data_years": 30, "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1180954.6027874835, "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 777482.1681746189, "exports_avg_3y_usd": 880093.785489418, "exports_avg_5y_usd": 930768.8956790731, "exports_avg_10y_usd": 871658.9247195383, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.3916458876908973, "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -0.018426016797223888, "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 9.004334837390516, "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1397393.8483475891, "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 27740237.883892752, "historical_peak_year": 2012, "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445, "trend_acceleration_pct": -5.612688949699619, "trend_label": "Growing", "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 20.7168, "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.7449, "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207, "market_share_latest_pct": 4.25718989047747, "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.3920409772077575, "peer_best_share_pct": 44.87420388181451, "peer_top_exporter": "DEU", "supplier_count_latest": 51, "buyer_market_hhi": 2584.27, "distance_km": 1297.694580078125, "has_reported_fta": 1, "applied_tariff_pct": 0, "tariff_advantage_pp": 0, "volatility_cv": 0.31179806003542765, "max_drawdown_pct": 64.31574083134623, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers", "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market']", "signal_flag": "Stable", "confidence_label": "High", "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25" }, { "hs_code": 731582, "corridor_rank": 91, "exporter_iso3": "ITA", "importer_iso3": "USA", "latest_data_year": 2024, "lane_data_years": 30, "exports_latest_observed_usd": 882746.4032762584, "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1864753.7885351537, "exports_avg_3y_usd": 837101.6547312193, "exports_avg_5y_usd": 633823.2243934452, "exports_avg_10y_usd": 448282.2113255883, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 18.43889801139367, "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 15.696061809266837, "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 2.3788383414712344, "exports_historical_peak_usd": 6204692.309134822, "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 141200996.03668335, "historical_peak_year": 1998, "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 41.37931034482759, "trend_acceleration_pct": 16.060059669922435, "trend_label": "Rapid growth", "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 8.0459, "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.2368, "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655, "market_share_latest_pct": 0.6251700965671129, "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.14793429460212537, "peer_best_share_pct": 43.12536991579819, "peer_top_exporter": "CHN", "supplier_count_latest": 45, "buyer_market_hhi": 2480.7, "distance_km": 6895.10693359375, "has_reported_fta": 0, "applied_tariff_pct": 0.0467447546369697, "tariff_advantage_pp": null, "volatility_cv": 1.0261118076875915, "max_drawdown_pct": 99.71813398362708, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']", "signal_flag": "Slowing", "confidence_label": "High", "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25" }, { "hs_code": 731582, "corridor_rank": 93, "exporter_iso3": "ITA", "importer_iso3": "CHN", "latest_data_year": 2024, "lane_data_years": 25, "exports_latest_observed_usd": 871587.5285360134, "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 628532.8506460588, "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1067379.906974681, "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1025368.0013765383, "exports_avg_10y_usd": 823517.2485459573, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -5.238101327446398, "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -1.9571536045441595, "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -0.9645202428995914, "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1195717.6583740702, "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 70574270.92116606, "historical_peak_year": 2022, "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50, "trend_acceleration_pct": -4.273581084546807, "trend_label": "Declining", "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 12.1095, "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 32.2963, "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 75.8621, "market_share_latest_pct": 1.2349933157787876, "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.5677271769007877, "peer_best_share_pct": 76.34591904502886, "peer_top_exporter": "DEU", "supplier_count_latest": 34, "buyer_market_hhi": 6066.88, "distance_km": 8134.69482421875, "has_reported_fta": 0, "applied_tariff_pct": 0.30189875567878777, "tariff_advantage_pp": null, "volatility_cv": 0.6520477990843015, "max_drawdown_pct": 80.11185603646325, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers", "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','long_distance_without_fta']", "signal_flag": "Growing", "confidence_label": "High", "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25" }, { "hs_code": 731582, "corridor_rank": 94, "exporter_iso3": "ITA", "importer_iso3": "RUS", "latest_data_year": 2024, "lane_data_years": 29, "exports_latest_observed_usd": 861175.681075586, "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 103451.51324744242, "exports_avg_3y_usd": 438086.9083341835, "exports_avg_5y_usd": 297937.2951582974, "exports_avg_10y_usd": 183359.7824473105, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 119.41257159486058, "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 59.579444778557125, "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 18.240931525595293, "exports_historical_peak_usd": 861175.681075586, "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 19191144.604747593, "historical_peak_year": 2024, "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 53.57142857142857, "trend_acceleration_pct": 101.1716400692653, "trend_label": "Rapid growth", "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -4.5182, "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 20.1799, "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241, "market_share_latest_pct": 4.487359658905098, "market_share_change_1y_pp": 2.33259334033068, "peer_best_share_pct": 81.45355226041553, "peer_top_exporter": "CHN", "supplier_count_latest": 21, "buyer_market_hhi": 6695.51, "distance_km": 2383.170654296875, "has_reported_fta": 0, "applied_tariff_pct": 0.11425769714942527, "tariff_advantage_pp": null, "volatility_cv": 1.6146410495143357, "max_drawdown_pct": 91.58046171170935, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']", "signal_flag": "Accelerating", "confidence_label": "High", "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25" } ], "priceSummary": { "exporter_iso3": "ITA", "hs_code": 731582, "num_markets": 129, "highest_price_importer_iso3": "NIC", "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 460500, "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SLV", "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 277.4193548387097, "median_price_across_markets": 5058.715902687435, "price_spread_pct": 9097.616658027164, "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 55.845853658536576, "total_trade_value_usd": 102299804 }, "history": [ { "year": 2010, "export_value_usd": 21316671.73073259, "active_destinations": 91, "yoy_growth_pct": 17.186075352523556 }, { "year": 2011, "export_value_usd": 26468821.65807561, "active_destinations": 100, "yoy_growth_pct": 24.169579531100442 }, { "year": 2012, "export_value_usd": 22885700.505825207, "active_destinations": 103, "yoy_growth_pct": -13.53713889699051 }, { "year": 2013, "export_value_usd": 17022643.27442437, "active_destinations": 104, "yoy_growth_pct": -25.61886724816872 }, { "year": 2014, "export_value_usd": 17975613.07744894, "active_destinations": 103, "yoy_growth_pct": 5.5982480961482555 }, { "year": 2015, "export_value_usd": 18187731.028319858, "active_destinations": 106, "yoy_growth_pct": 1.1800318017360192 }, { "year": 2016, "export_value_usd": 12103226.733945556, "active_destinations": 104, "yoy_growth_pct": -33.453894193290004 }, { "year": 2017, "export_value_usd": 15695733.758572074, "active_destinations": 106, "yoy_growth_pct": 29.682225274279304 }, { "year": 2018, "export_value_usd": 18922147.51969814, "active_destinations": 110, "yoy_growth_pct": 20.5559919068071 }, { "year": 2019, "export_value_usd": 19515245.997430053, "active_destinations": 102, "yoy_growth_pct": 3.134414194342857 }, { "year": 2020, "export_value_usd": 15581241.910082683, "active_destinations": 108, "yoy_growth_pct": -20.158618999040215 }, { "year": 2021, "export_value_usd": 20208763.36029264, "active_destinations": 113, "yoy_growth_pct": 29.69931072834104 }, { "year": 2022, "export_value_usd": 23667238.37279079, "active_destinations": 103, "yoy_growth_pct": 17.113738979662486 }, { "year": 2023, "export_value_usd": 21312375.155082278, "active_destinations": 105, "yoy_growth_pct": -9.949885916625568 }, { "year": 2024, "export_value_usd": 22863402.81369622, "active_destinations": 119, "yoy_growth_pct": 7.277591762193033 } ], "economy": { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "ITA", "exports_usd": 654275734623.9749, "imports_usd": 595030207111.4551, "trade_balance_usd": 59245527512.519775, "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -0.26468001147846865, "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -3.2738106802156164, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.6801002895280535, "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.4098663546813004, "export_partner_hhi": 484.82075696221654, "export_product_hhi": 49.055362317871925, 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