{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/hkg/851290",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/851290",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/hkg/851290",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "851290",
    "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 172,
    "current_lane_count": 93,
    "active_market_count": 93,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 9913697.353036525,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 9798370.873072691,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 12800176.596352348,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 17795886.172848262,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 27289033.815977782,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -24.72966832227417,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -20.83944951963409,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -9.67282814253384,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 17531350.605388723,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 78160804.95585792,
    "historical_peak_year": 2018,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -15.056840179740329,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "CHN",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 1688985.6399049095,
    "top_market_share_pct": 17.03688926299107,
    "destination_hhi": 747.355023356877,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 0.8260559436221353,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.1297803845977422,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.2262979827156866,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 85.45365192836319,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 31.976744186046513,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:54",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 851290,
      "hs_description": "Lighting or signalling equipment: electrical, (excluding articles of heading no. 8539), windscreen wipers, defrosters and demisters: parts, of those kinds used for cycles or motor vehicles",
      "hs_chapter": 85,
      "hs_heading": 8512,
      "substitution_elasticity": -3.5089865,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Lighting or signalling equipment: electrical, (excluding articles of heading no. 8539), windscreen wipers, defrosters and demisters: parts, of those kinds used for cycles or motor vehicles",
    "hs_chapter": 85,
    "hs_heading": 8512,
    "destinations": [],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "hs_code": 851290,
      "num_markets": 114,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ECU",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 5497687.5,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "MOZ",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 40.97560975609756,
      "median_price_across_markets": 26641.00486223663,
      "price_spread_pct": 20636.032885467866,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 10.13093417721519,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 134688882
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 15666151.884060994,
        "active_destinations": 82,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 39.376606616167706
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 25153646.20116518,
        "active_destinations": 80,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 60.560464288342075
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 19225131.217466116,
        "active_destinations": 95,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -23.569207168956844
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 20042623.23774225,
        "active_destinations": 89,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 4.252205152875304
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 27100028.448443674,
        "active_destinations": 86,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 35.21198361605496
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 26038186.518043276,
        "active_destinations": 87,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.918231792341082
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 41226063.77183037,
        "active_destinations": 87,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 58.329243640921725
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 41518271.70268239,
        "active_destinations": 89,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.7087941562145522
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 43606669.758016914,
        "active_destinations": 92,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.030069821522934
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 31521715.544963554,
        "active_destinations": 98,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -27.7135453821983
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 27602479.85494621,
        "active_destinations": 86,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.43344666449649
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 22976421.220238056,
        "active_destinations": 84,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -16.75957616496255
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 16607059.244164756,
        "active_destinations": 84,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -27.721297041956422
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 11995099.671819607,
        "active_destinations": 85,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -27.77107918107572
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 9798370.873072691,
        "active_destinations": 93,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -18.313551857411795
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "HKG",
      "exports_usd": 153218814639.72852,
      "imports_usd": 417846014907.37115,
      "trade_balance_usd": -264627200267.64264,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 3.6280923159413225,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 1.6071108846417381,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -4.922787551326746,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.3400696910802692,
      "export_partner_hhi": 1199.9124608112613,
      "export_product_hhi": 615.5538713564995,
      "momentum_score": 1.0628283557609022,
      "risk_score": 9.077331660838803,
      "gdp_million_usd": 406863.39648734155,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 54074.69285194795,
      "population": 7524100,
      "labor_force": 3823.13,
      "investment_rate_pct": 22.99,
      "savings_rate_pct": 22.16,
      "secondary_education_pct": 92.54,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 27.89,
      "total_factor_productivity": 2099.77,
      "trade_openness_pct": 175.07416110356294,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 46.97304763034854,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 22,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 1,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 82,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 9551.9670781893,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 8.148148148148149,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 30.37037037037037,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.3703703703703704,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13462173834356606,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13832556573909252,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.04451096216649276,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09381460357259977,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9699.666409594265,
      "num_border_partners": 25,
      "num_colonial_partners": 25,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.614901355291828,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.43562439496611,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.7105517909002903,
      "real_market_potential": 728468.0125759835,
      "foreign_market_potential": 13626.736907663428
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "851290",
    "hs_description": "Lighting or signalling equipment: electrical, (excluding articles of heading no. 8539), windscreen wipers, defrosters and demisters: parts, of those kinds used for cycles or motor vehicles",
    "hs_chapter": 85,
    "hs_heading": 8512
  },
  "destinations": [],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
    "hs_code": 851290,
    "num_markets": 114,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ECU",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 5497687.5,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "MOZ",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 40.97560975609756,
    "median_price_across_markets": 26641.00486223663,
    "price_spread_pct": 20636.032885467866,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 10.13093417721519,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 134688882
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 15666151.884060994,
      "active_destinations": 82,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 39.376606616167706
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 25153646.20116518,
      "active_destinations": 80,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 60.560464288342075
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 19225131.217466116,
      "active_destinations": 95,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -23.569207168956844
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 20042623.23774225,
      "active_destinations": 89,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.252205152875304
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 27100028.448443674,
      "active_destinations": 86,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 35.21198361605496
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 26038186.518043276,
      "active_destinations": 87,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.918231792341082
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 41226063.77183037,
      "active_destinations": 87,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 58.329243640921725
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 41518271.70268239,
      "active_destinations": 89,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.7087941562145522
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 43606669.758016914,
      "active_destinations": 92,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.030069821522934
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 31521715.544963554,
      "active_destinations": 98,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -27.7135453821983
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 27602479.85494621,
      "active_destinations": 86,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.43344666449649
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 22976421.220238056,
      "active_destinations": 84,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.75957616496255
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 16607059.244164756,
      "active_destinations": 84,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -27.721297041956422
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 11995099.671819607,
      "active_destinations": 85,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -27.77107918107572
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 9798370.873072691,
      "active_destinations": 93,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -18.313551857411795
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "HKG",
    "exports_usd": 153218814639.72852,
    "imports_usd": 417846014907.37115,
    "trade_balance_usd": -264627200267.64264,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 3.6280923159413225,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 1.6071108846417381,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -4.922787551326746,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.3400696910802692,
    "export_partner_hhi": 1199.9124608112613,
    "export_product_hhi": 615.5538713564995,
    "momentum_score": 1.0628283557609022,
    "risk_score": 9.077331660838803,
    "gdp_million_usd": 406863.39648734155,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 54074.69285194795,
    "population": 7524100,
    "labor_force": 3823.13,
    "investment_rate_pct": 22.99,
    "savings_rate_pct": 22.16,
    "secondary_education_pct": 92.54,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 27.89,
    "total_factor_productivity": 2099.77,
    "trade_openness_pct": 175.07416110356294,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 46.97304763034854,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 22,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 1,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 82,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 9551.9670781893,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 8.148148148148149,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 30.37037037037037,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.3703703703703704,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13462173834356606,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13832556573909252,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.04451096216649276,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09381460357259977,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9699.666409594265,
    "num_border_partners": 25,
    "num_colonial_partners": 25,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.614901355291828,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.43562439496611,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.7105517909002903,
    "real_market_potential": 728468.0125759835,
    "foreign_market_potential": 13626.736907663428
  }
}