{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/hkg/844391",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/844391",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/hkg/844391",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "844391",
    "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 157,
    "current_lane_count": 102,
    "active_market_count": 102,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 8853549.950534545,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 8328945.904156852,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 14205863.735292869,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 17407144.151639264,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 28334571.933145493,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -30.20055839037611,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -26.582379992656048,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -11.843946955199092,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 18041088.930116143,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 84269551.39073676,
    "historical_peak_year": 2017,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -18.356611435177015,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "CHN",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 4132385.9679491185,
    "top_market_share_pct": 46.674904315636915,
    "destination_hhi": 2394.5144267683445,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 3.367822005576477,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.7669062357076689,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.2463922233755207,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 92.50937034180048,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 22.29299363057325,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:54",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 844391,
      "hs_description": "Printing machinery used for printing by means of plates, cylinders and other printing components of heading 8442: parts and accessories",
      "hs_chapter": 84,
      "hs_heading": 8443,
      "substitution_elasticity": -6.6072173,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null
    },
    "hs_description": "Printing machinery used for printing by means of plates, cylinders and other printing components of heading 8442: parts and accessories",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8443,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 844391,
        "corridor_rank": 96,
        "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
        "importer_iso3": "CHN",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 4132385.9679491185,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 6244997.36908297,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 3477219.39223128,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 4376727.25409172,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 9541429.064320082,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -2.454435099911556,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -21.07595035785198,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -12.390587081794935,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 15871674.917791786,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 126822127.12346953,
        "historical_peak_year": 2016,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 9.936151981883379,
        "trend_label": "Stable",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 12.2163,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 424.1853,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 3.2584108638439515,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.42701052062063116,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 45.85547534516754,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 60,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2327.47,
        "distance_km": 1976.2490234375,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.29436133136606063,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2922161241204,
        "volatility_cv": 0.9922184343508609,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 91.76297083988491,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "hs_code": 844391,
      "num_markets": 129,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ECU",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 22402250,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "PNG",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 23.63779443698265,
      "median_price_across_markets": 57196.59523631747,
      "price_spread_pct": 39167.06277645889,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 7.229781376518218,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 117194925
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 25575359.27380041,
        "active_destinations": 95,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -31.920378764136753
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 35268549.36238249,
        "active_destinations": 98,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 37.900504093844155
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 29739680.63401087,
        "active_destinations": 103,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -15.676484653686154
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 30328365.268233526,
        "active_destinations": 106,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1.9794584934090567
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 29381141.576043744,
        "active_destinations": 110,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.123226998264631
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 33524267.89349625,
        "active_destinations": 106,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 14.101311573375527
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 38087615.29354962,
        "active_destinations": 110,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 13.612071752172897
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 48675976.326604895,
        "active_destinations": 109,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 27.800010453393973
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 36975061.738518424,
        "active_destinations": 115,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -24.038376774563197
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 39047077.32108939,
        "active_destinations": 114,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.603819128752015
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 19925568.660002653,
        "active_destinations": 108,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -48.97039669281259
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 24492560.89231505,
        "active_destinations": 106,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 22.92026044646792
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 24174866.737212088,
        "active_destinations": 109,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -1.2971046861932785
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 10113778.564509675,
        "active_destinations": 98,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -58.16407728551548
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 8328945.904156852,
        "active_destinations": 102,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -17.647535478144547
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "HKG",
      "exports_usd": 153218814639.72852,
      "imports_usd": 417846014907.37115,
      "trade_balance_usd": -264627200267.64264,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 3.6280923159413225,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 1.6071108846417381,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -4.922787551326746,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.3400696910802692,
      "export_partner_hhi": 1199.9124608112613,
      "export_product_hhi": 615.5538713564995,
      "momentum_score": 1.0628283557609022,
      "risk_score": 9.077331660838803,
      "gdp_million_usd": 406863.39648734155,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 54074.69285194795,
      "population": 7524100,
      "labor_force": 3823.13,
      "investment_rate_pct": 22.99,
      "savings_rate_pct": 22.16,
      "secondary_education_pct": 92.54,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 27.89,
      "total_factor_productivity": 2099.77,
      "trade_openness_pct": 175.07416110356294,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 46.97304763034854,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 22,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 1,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 82,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 9551.9670781893,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 8.148148148148149,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 30.37037037037037,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.3703703703703704,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13462173834356606,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13832556573909252,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.04451096216649276,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09381460357259977,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9699.666409594265,
      "num_border_partners": 25,
      "num_colonial_partners": 25,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.614901355291828,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.43562439496611,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.7105517909002903,
      "real_market_potential": 728468.0125759835,
      "foreign_market_potential": 13626.736907663428
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "844391",
    "hs_description": "Printing machinery used for printing by means of plates, cylinders and other printing components of heading 8442: parts and accessories",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8443
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 844391,
      "corridor_rank": 96,
      "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
      "importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 4132385.9679491185,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 6244997.36908297,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 3477219.39223128,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 4376727.25409172,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 9541429.064320082,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -2.454435099911556,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -21.07595035785198,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -12.390587081794935,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 15871674.917791786,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 126822127.12346953,
      "historical_peak_year": 2016,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 9.936151981883379,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 12.2163,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 424.1853,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 3.2584108638439515,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.42701052062063116,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 45.85547534516754,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 60,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2327.47,
      "distance_km": 1976.2490234375,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.29436133136606063,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.2922161241204,
      "volatility_cv": 0.9922184343508609,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 91.76297083988491,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "HKG",
    "hs_code": 844391,
    "num_markets": 129,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ECU",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 22402250,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "PNG",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 23.63779443698265,
    "median_price_across_markets": 57196.59523631747,
    "price_spread_pct": 39167.06277645889,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 7.229781376518218,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 117194925
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 25575359.27380041,
      "active_destinations": 95,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -31.920378764136753
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 35268549.36238249,
      "active_destinations": 98,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 37.900504093844155
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 29739680.63401087,
      "active_destinations": 103,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -15.676484653686154
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 30328365.268233526,
      "active_destinations": 106,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.9794584934090567
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 29381141.576043744,
      "active_destinations": 110,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.123226998264631
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 33524267.89349625,
      "active_destinations": 106,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 14.101311573375527
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 38087615.29354962,
      "active_destinations": 110,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.612071752172897
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 48675976.326604895,
      "active_destinations": 109,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 27.800010453393973
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 36975061.738518424,
      "active_destinations": 115,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -24.038376774563197
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 39047077.32108939,
      "active_destinations": 114,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.603819128752015
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 19925568.660002653,
      "active_destinations": 108,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -48.97039669281259
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 24492560.89231505,
      "active_destinations": 106,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.92026044646792
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 24174866.737212088,
      "active_destinations": 109,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.2971046861932785
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 10113778.564509675,
      "active_destinations": 98,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -58.16407728551548
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 8328945.904156852,
      "active_destinations": 102,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -17.647535478144547
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "HKG",
    "exports_usd": 153218814639.72852,
    "imports_usd": 417846014907.37115,
    "trade_balance_usd": -264627200267.64264,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 3.6280923159413225,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 1.6071108846417381,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -4.922787551326746,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.3400696910802692,
    "export_partner_hhi": 1199.9124608112613,
    "export_product_hhi": 615.5538713564995,
    "momentum_score": 1.0628283557609022,
    "risk_score": 9.077331660838803,
    "gdp_million_usd": 406863.39648734155,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 54074.69285194795,
    "population": 7524100,
    "labor_force": 3823.13,
    "investment_rate_pct": 22.99,
    "savings_rate_pct": 22.16,
    "secondary_education_pct": 92.54,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 27.89,
    "total_factor_productivity": 2099.77,
    "trade_openness_pct": 175.07416110356294,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 46.97304763034854,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 22,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 1,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 82,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 9551.9670781893,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 8.148148148148149,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 30.37037037037037,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.3703703703703704,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13462173834356606,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13832556573909252,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.04451096216649276,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09381460357259977,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 9699.666409594265,
    "num_border_partners": 25,
    "num_colonial_partners": 25,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.614901355291828,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.43562439496611,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.7105517909002903,
    "real_market_potential": 728468.0125759835,
    "foreign_market_potential": 13626.736907663428
  }
}