{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/gha/847190",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/847190",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/gha/847190",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "847190",
    "exporter_iso3": "GHA",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 80,
    "current_lane_count": 20,
    "active_market_count": 20,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 324363.88896944263,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 155151.65337986904,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 165114.38341555445,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 173589.03113688529,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 111826.96577092024,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 28.596201981725567,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 31.597112989321996,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -28.57604379859301,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 1900970.2025257898,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 5590267.876040629,
    "historical_peak_year": 2014,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 57.172245780318576,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "STP",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 133300.41881841104,
    "top_market_share_pct": 41.09594913352666,
    "destination_hhi": 1940.7175049683638,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 17.801524494835913,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -20.59610461267686,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.45416334123359936,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 30.348261884511384,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 76.25,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 80,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:49",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 847190,
      "hs_description": "Magnetic or optical readers, machines for transcribing data onto data media in coded form and machines for processing such data, not elsewhere specified or included",
      "hs_chapter": 84,
      "hs_heading": 8471,
      "substitution_elasticity": -10.458858,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way vertical trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Magnetic or optical readers, machines for transcribing data onto data media in coded form and machines for processing such data, not elsewhere specified or included",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8471,
    "destinations": [],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "GHA",
      "hs_code": 847190,
      "num_markets": 32,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 4302166.666666667,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "AGO",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 3233.644859813084,
      "median_price_across_markets": 220142.85714285713,
      "price_spread_pct": 1952.7924174333536,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.07176,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 855738
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 30473.881242723626,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 29.24020121457518
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 22860.449943130065,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -24.98346449194571
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 96487.73234294206,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 322.072761397849
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 47138.51076767125,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -51.14559164876118
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 4490734.559629166,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9426.67890116932
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 100831.66914583725,
        "active_destinations": 17,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -97.75467314295763
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 27440.529735441938,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -72.78580234970275
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 25780.172830819014,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -6.05074654400138
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 56960.17916740386,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 120.94568388350982
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 39311.95114527401,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -30.98344892887777
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 299644.1631011874,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 662.2215493549978
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 72957.84233657566,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -75.65183930783313
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 87843.726460963,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 20.40340510032415
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 252347.77040583137,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 187.26897249511902
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 155151.65337986904,
        "active_destinations": 20,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -38.51673302666766
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "GHA",
      "exports_usd": 18307382251.882656,
      "imports_usd": 16869076982.27301,
      "trade_balance_usd": 1438305269.6096458,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 19.63898777973947,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -21.83243987338461,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 9.60778516313663,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -10.320633534005685,
      "export_partner_hhi": 903.3268424211788,
      "export_product_hhi": 2122.676143583925,
      "momentum_score": 16.629626994758617,
      "risk_score": 15.130014930025517,
      "gdp_million_usd": 82308.11038646406,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 2390.77237652715,
      "population": 34427414,
      "labor_force": 14447.88,
      "investment_rate_pct": 23.75,
      "savings_rate_pct": 17.8,
      "secondary_education_pct": 69.53,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 4.1,
      "total_factor_productivity": 340.41,
      "trade_openness_pct": 44.21898524706629,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.01351197173252,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 17,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 3,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 77,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 7346.275720164609,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 6.296296296296296,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 28.51851851851852,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.1111111111111112,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13212820260293706,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13732185808967534,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.036201340336054585,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10112051775362076,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 7319.099498675082,
      "num_border_partners": 70,
      "num_colonial_partners": 25,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -9.223608472868463,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 70.70484581497797,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.303964757709251,
      "real_market_potential": 113403.60117530223,
      "foreign_market_potential": 25019.84298436845
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "847190",
    "hs_description": "Magnetic or optical readers, machines for transcribing data onto data media in coded form and machines for processing such data, not elsewhere specified or included",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8471
  },
  "destinations": [],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "GHA",
    "hs_code": 847190,
    "num_markets": 32,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ESP",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 4302166.666666667,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "AGO",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 3233.644859813084,
    "median_price_across_markets": 220142.85714285713,
    "price_spread_pct": 1952.7924174333536,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.07176,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 855738
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 30473.881242723626,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 29.24020121457518
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 22860.449943130065,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -24.98346449194571
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 96487.73234294206,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 322.072761397849
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 47138.51076767125,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -51.14559164876118
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 4490734.559629166,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9426.67890116932
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 100831.66914583725,
      "active_destinations": 17,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -97.75467314295763
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 27440.529735441938,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -72.78580234970275
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 25780.172830819014,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.05074654400138
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 56960.17916740386,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 120.94568388350982
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 39311.95114527401,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -30.98344892887777
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 299644.1631011874,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 662.2215493549978
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 72957.84233657566,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -75.65183930783313
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 87843.726460963,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 20.40340510032415
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 252347.77040583137,
      "active_destinations": 12,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 187.26897249511902
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 155151.65337986904,
      "active_destinations": 20,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -38.51673302666766
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "GHA",
    "exports_usd": 18307382251.882656,
    "imports_usd": 16869076982.27301,
    "trade_balance_usd": 1438305269.6096458,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 19.63898777973947,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -21.83243987338461,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 9.60778516313663,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": -10.320633534005685,
    "export_partner_hhi": 903.3268424211788,
    "export_product_hhi": 2122.676143583925,
    "momentum_score": 16.629626994758617,
    "risk_score": 15.130014930025517,
    "gdp_million_usd": 82308.11038646406,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 2390.77237652715,
    "population": 34427414,
    "labor_force": 14447.88,
    "investment_rate_pct": 23.75,
    "savings_rate_pct": 17.8,
    "secondary_education_pct": 69.53,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 4.1,
    "total_factor_productivity": 340.41,
    "trade_openness_pct": 44.21898524706629,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.01351197173252,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 17,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 3,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 77,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 7346.275720164609,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 6.296296296296296,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 28.51851851851852,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.1111111111111112,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.13212820260293706,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13732185808967534,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.036201340336054585,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10112051775362076,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 7319.099498675082,
    "num_border_partners": 70,
    "num_colonial_partners": 25,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -9.223608472868463,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 70.70484581497797,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.303964757709251,
    "real_market_potential": 113403.60117530223,
    "foreign_market_potential": 25019.84298436845
  }
}