{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/gbr/731581",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/731581",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/gbr/731581",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "731581",
    "exporter_iso3": "GBR",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 159,
    "current_lane_count": 63,
    "active_market_count": 63,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 1662669.1684015132,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 983413.1215637248,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1488019.5408255274,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1635308.0838245843,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1851075.6161463675,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -22.42748017592895,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -9.526590212448106,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -12.994872274296931,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 2954674.829343637,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 15871623.075584853,
    "historical_peak_year": 2014,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 37.93103448275862,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -9.432607901632018,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "CHN",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 131398.53734296688,
    "top_market_share_pct": 7.9028672594737035,
    "destination_hhi": 356.2652936162372,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 11.25279768431882,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 5.899948289259994,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.2451798457122967,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 86.1473636906416,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 29.559748427672957,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:47",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 731581,
      "hs_description": "Chain: stud-link chain, of iron or steel",
      "hs_chapter": 73,
      "hs_heading": 7315,
      "substitution_elasticity": -7.1272378,
      "price_range_label": "Unclassified",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Chain: stud-link chain, of iron or steel",
    "hs_chapter": 73,
    "hs_heading": 7315,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 731581,
        "corridor_rank": 18,
        "exporter_iso3": "GBR",
        "importer_iso3": "NLD",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 29,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 92474.24700390501,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 58810.22571094923,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 92938.32624261564,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 141963.08240468433,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 81041.44699027862,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -39.215919594802614,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 63.91348611154113,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 20.538757538435014,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 411766.7281585518,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13664302.392458199,
        "historical_peak_year": 2021,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 46.42857142857143,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -59.75467713323763,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 23.7168,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 11.7073,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.6767579079261651,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.1953528238047279,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 91.96506804546043,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 39,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 8473.37,
        "distance_km": 360.3150329589844,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0007673828181818182,
        "volatility_cv": 1.3755754530366922,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.86559047985045,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 731581,
        "corridor_rank": 46,
        "exporter_iso3": "GBR",
        "importer_iso3": "CHL",
        "latest_data_year": 2015,
        "lane_data_years": 8,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 17468.610517865858,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 19525.32278153978,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 30743.695780413334,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 27420.362419792218,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 16263.628901044925,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -5.612416947696019,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 102.55942416336224,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -11.0696592415648,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 56462.3302126363,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 12789029.716588996,
        "historical_peak_year": 2003,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 42.857142857142854,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 5.457242293868781,
        "trend_label": "Declining",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 73.3058,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 25.891,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.2659683848061362,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.5444292236325656,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 97.31468227630057,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 10,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 9472.74,
        "distance_km": 11685.4248046875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.08822520824080808,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09109632741068788,
        "volatility_cv": 0.988958552444199,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.09272844366633,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "Medium",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "GBR",
      "hs_code": 731581,
      "num_markets": 97,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "MEX",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 2263000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GMB",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 44.85981308411215,
      "median_price_across_markets": 11914.764193451487,
      "price_spread_pct": 18992.865519157032,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 7.116296703296705,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 10924458
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 2223073.7216807473,
        "active_destinations": 75,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 145.40580512761437
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 2205706.9948124923,
        "active_destinations": 71,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.781203371659893
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 3680773.7952622306,
        "active_destinations": 76,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 66.8750112285487
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 2768053.7166019958,
        "active_destinations": 75,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -24.796961982153256
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 3956284.455129315,
        "active_destinations": 67,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 42.926578028477216
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 2682356.426136649,
        "active_destinations": 63,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -32.20011208600081
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 2355173.612380976,
        "active_destinations": 62,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.197589051463567
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 2510340.4740852667,
        "active_destinations": 63,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 6.58834070187395
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 1164045.0864682416,
        "active_destinations": 66,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -53.629991688979814
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 1622300.1432696187,
        "active_destinations": 61,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 39.36746627158067
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 1605735.1974031776,
        "active_destinations": 53,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -1.0210777540249594
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 2106746.59924316,
        "active_destinations": 67,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 31.20137135003495
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 1911001.6988633277,
        "active_destinations": 68,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -9.291335771001254
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 1569643.8020495297,
        "active_destinations": 66,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -17.862773069057926
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 983413.1215637247,
        "active_destinations": 63,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -37.3480072179654
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "GBR",
      "exports_usd": 442181920400.69006,
      "imports_usd": 753376053311.657,
      "trade_balance_usd": -311194132910.9669,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -5.298942785484062,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 2.7114834343132888,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5321426807664675,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.7727404935998576,
      "export_partner_hhi": 568.0807939645799,
      "export_product_hhi": 121.01636468637346,
      "momentum_score": -3.5496171456089027,
      "risk_score": 3.445485793254767,
      "gdp_million_usd": 3686033.0444821278,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 53246.36761451085,
      "population": 69226000,
      "labor_force": 35514.36,
      "investment_rate_pct": 17.85,
      "savings_rate_pct": 15.56,
      "secondary_education_pct": 91.71,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.04,
      "total_factor_productivity": 2397.02,
      "trade_openness_pct": 35.344853887670666,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 13.072436228084023,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 119,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 1,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 77,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6737.20987654321,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 44.074074074074076,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 28.51851851851852,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.3703703703703704,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12806982251220603,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13073271711760692,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02507111166182711,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10566160545577981,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6702.485526006816,
      "num_border_partners": 25,
      "num_colonial_partners": 2020,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.853938978940885,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.90697674418605,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6744186046511627,
      "real_market_potential": 1919336.1730728918,
      "foreign_market_potential": 40595.75475928802
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "731581",
    "hs_description": "Chain: stud-link chain, of iron or steel",
    "hs_chapter": 73,
    "hs_heading": 7315
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 731581,
      "corridor_rank": 18,
      "exporter_iso3": "GBR",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 29,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 92474.24700390501,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 58810.22571094923,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 92938.32624261564,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 141963.08240468433,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 81041.44699027862,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -39.215919594802614,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 63.91348611154113,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 20.538757538435014,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 411766.7281585518,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13664302.392458199,
      "historical_peak_year": 2021,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 46.42857142857143,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -59.75467713323763,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 23.7168,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 11.7073,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.6767579079261651,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.1953528238047279,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 91.96506804546043,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 39,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 8473.37,
      "distance_km": 360.3150329589844,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0007673828181818182,
      "volatility_cv": 1.3755754530366922,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.86559047985045,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 731581,
      "corridor_rank": 46,
      "exporter_iso3": "GBR",
      "importer_iso3": "CHL",
      "latest_data_year": 2015,
      "lane_data_years": 8,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 17468.610517865858,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 19525.32278153978,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 30743.695780413334,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 27420.362419792218,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 16263.628901044925,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -5.612416947696019,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 102.55942416336224,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -11.0696592415648,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 56462.3302126363,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 12789029.716588996,
      "historical_peak_year": 2003,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 42.857142857142854,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 5.457242293868781,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 73.3058,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 25.891,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.2659683848061362,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.5444292236325656,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 97.31468227630057,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 10,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 9472.74,
      "distance_km": 11685.4248046875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.08822520824080808,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09109632741068788,
      "volatility_cv": 0.988958552444199,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.09272844366633,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "Medium",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "GBR",
    "hs_code": 731581,
    "num_markets": 97,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "MEX",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 2263000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GMB",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 44.85981308411215,
    "median_price_across_markets": 11914.764193451487,
    "price_spread_pct": 18992.865519157032,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 7.116296703296705,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 10924458
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 2223073.7216807473,
      "active_destinations": 75,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 145.40580512761437
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 2205706.9948124923,
      "active_destinations": 71,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.781203371659893
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 3680773.7952622306,
      "active_destinations": 76,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 66.8750112285487
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 2768053.7166019958,
      "active_destinations": 75,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -24.796961982153256
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 3956284.455129315,
      "active_destinations": 67,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 42.926578028477216
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 2682356.426136649,
      "active_destinations": 63,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -32.20011208600081
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 2355173.612380976,
      "active_destinations": 62,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.197589051463567
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 2510340.4740852667,
      "active_destinations": 63,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.58834070187395
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 1164045.0864682416,
      "active_destinations": 66,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -53.629991688979814
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 1622300.1432696187,
      "active_destinations": 61,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 39.36746627158067
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 1605735.1974031776,
      "active_destinations": 53,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.0210777540249594
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 2106746.59924316,
      "active_destinations": 67,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 31.20137135003495
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 1911001.6988633277,
      "active_destinations": 68,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.291335771001254
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 1569643.8020495297,
      "active_destinations": 66,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -17.862773069057926
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 983413.1215637247,
      "active_destinations": 63,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -37.3480072179654
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "GBR",
    "exports_usd": 442181920400.69006,
    "imports_usd": 753376053311.657,
    "trade_balance_usd": -311194132910.9669,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -5.298942785484062,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 2.7114834343132888,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5321426807664675,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.7727404935998576,
    "export_partner_hhi": 568.0807939645799,
    "export_product_hhi": 121.01636468637346,
    "momentum_score": -3.5496171456089027,
    "risk_score": 3.445485793254767,
    "gdp_million_usd": 3686033.0444821278,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 53246.36761451085,
    "population": 69226000,
    "labor_force": 35514.36,
    "investment_rate_pct": 17.85,
    "savings_rate_pct": 15.56,
    "secondary_education_pct": 91.71,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.04,
    "total_factor_productivity": 2397.02,
    "trade_openness_pct": 35.344853887670666,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 13.072436228084023,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 119,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 1,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 77,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6737.20987654321,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 44.074074074074076,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 28.51851851851852,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.3703703703703704,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12806982251220603,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13073271711760692,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02507111166182711,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10566160545577981,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6702.485526006816,
    "num_border_partners": 25,
    "num_colonial_partners": 2020,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.853938978940885,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.90697674418605,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6744186046511627,
    "real_market_potential": 1919336.1730728918,
    "foreign_market_potential": 40595.75475928802
  }
}