{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/gbr/731512",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/731512",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/gbr/731512",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "731512",
    "exporter_iso3": "GBR",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 187,
    "current_lane_count": 128,
    "active_market_count": 128,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 21830504.77649473,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 21362952.533466555,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 27127826.40516917,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 25682590.6977279,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 22405208.47617624,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -4.698348203679137,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -3.093803209527568,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 0.5237965836677239,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 19188256.998165946,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 69240799.03439532,
    "historical_peak_year": 2023,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -5.222144787346861,
    "trend_label": "Declining",
    "top_market_iso3": "USA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 2369503.3244620976,
    "top_market_share_pct": 10.85409315415089,
    "destination_hhi": 460.22047825388586,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 8.080434027334816,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -1.1283777596848548,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.8636093056054229,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 80.9238476003088,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 12.834224598930481,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:47",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 731512,
      "hs_description": "Chain: articulated link, (other than roller), of iron or steel",
      "hs_chapter": 73,
      "hs_heading": 7315,
      "substitution_elasticity": -6.2193875,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Chain: articulated link, (other than roller), of iron or steel",
    "hs_chapter": 73,
    "hs_heading": 7315,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 731512,
        "corridor_rank": 82,
        "exporter_iso3": "GBR",
        "importer_iso3": "USA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 2369503.3244620976,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1403933.6526730203,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2472421.38831941,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1990276.564761818,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1585847.3689679813,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 19.93088967418497,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 9.445915430764096,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 2.1583231848623097,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 2647190.6738723516,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 119808071.74194911,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 41.37931034482759,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 17.772566489322664,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 5.8281,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 4.9191,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 1.9777493202341974,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.1427061623917958,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 30.077908102227525,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 57,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1614.67,
        "distance_km": 5570.1611328125,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 0.39401547439658696,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 65.91585178014446,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Stable",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 731512,
        "corridor_rank": 91,
        "exporter_iso3": "GBR",
        "importer_iso3": "ITA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 2117992.090857617,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 784719.2250184141,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 3188176.550948363,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2677476.3473789785,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1709646.7030651066,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.11656418108948463,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 10.153243814438984,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 10.861252227179751,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 3805518.4677271172,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 33874519.00360599,
        "historical_peak_year": 2023,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -10.977816408269236,
        "trend_label": "Stable",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -18.7305,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 7.814,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 6.252463955671677,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -2.8774879122841766,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 33.336591122610685,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 42,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2408.73,
        "distance_km": 1438.4251708984375,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0007673828181818182,
        "volatility_cv": 1.216796822923674,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 59.315645432744304,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "GBR",
      "hs_code": 731512,
      "num_markets": 153,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "BIH",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 5017666.666666667,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GMB",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 125,
      "median_price_across_markets": 13459.896907216496,
      "price_spread_pct": 37277.712461352676,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 18.618536231884057,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 127122913
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 17173180.907387387,
        "active_destinations": 136,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -2.8117096045869685
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 18867236.446491633,
        "active_destinations": 144,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.864541393001419
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 17436146.929641176,
        "active_destinations": 134,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -7.585051053497387
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 16639200.057961972,
        "active_destinations": 136,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -4.570659302740827
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 20275540.89684403,
        "active_destinations": 133,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 21.85406044890988
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 16971051.29948869,
        "active_destinations": 132,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -16.29791093696394
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 15678344.729692655,
        "active_destinations": 132,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -7.6171272302675925
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 19538963.759807955,
        "active_destinations": 133,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 24.62389427376101
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 18452871.37734546,
        "active_destinations": 137,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -5.558597660622147
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 24997900.106788132,
        "active_destinations": 138,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 35.468890426874076
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 22348631.156035505,
        "active_destinations": 134,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -10.597965986883926
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 24680843.117096502,
        "active_destinations": 138,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 10.435591982246109
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 27292318.572935574,
        "active_destinations": 133,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 10.580981546898995
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 32728208.10910539,
        "active_destinations": 127,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 19.917287428853022
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 21362952.533466548,
        "active_destinations": 128,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -34.72617730170473
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "GBR",
      "exports_usd": 442181920400.69006,
      "imports_usd": 753376053311.657,
      "trade_balance_usd": -311194132910.9669,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -5.298942785484062,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 2.7114834343132888,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5321426807664675,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.7727404935998576,
      "export_partner_hhi": 568.0807939645799,
      "export_product_hhi": 121.01636468637346,
      "momentum_score": -3.5496171456089027,
      "risk_score": 3.445485793254767,
      "gdp_million_usd": 3686033.0444821278,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 53246.36761451085,
      "population": 69226000,
      "labor_force": 35514.36,
      "investment_rate_pct": 17.85,
      "savings_rate_pct": 15.56,
      "secondary_education_pct": 91.71,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.04,
      "total_factor_productivity": 2397.02,
      "trade_openness_pct": 35.344853887670666,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 13.072436228084023,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 119,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 1,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 77,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6737.20987654321,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 44.074074074074076,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 28.51851851851852,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.3703703703703704,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12806982251220603,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13073271711760692,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02507111166182711,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10566160545577981,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6702.485526006816,
      "num_border_partners": 25,
      "num_colonial_partners": 2020,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.853938978940885,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.90697674418605,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6744186046511627,
      "real_market_potential": 1919336.1730728918,
      "foreign_market_potential": 40595.75475928802
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "731512",
    "hs_description": "Chain: articulated link, (other than roller), of iron or steel",
    "hs_chapter": 73,
    "hs_heading": 7315
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 731512,
      "corridor_rank": 82,
      "exporter_iso3": "GBR",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 2369503.3244620976,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1403933.6526730203,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2472421.38831941,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1990276.564761818,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1585847.3689679813,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 19.93088967418497,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 9.445915430764096,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 2.1583231848623097,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 2647190.6738723516,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 119808071.74194911,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 41.37931034482759,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 17.772566489322664,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 5.8281,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 4.9191,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 1.9777493202341974,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.1427061623917958,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 30.077908102227525,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 57,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1614.67,
      "distance_km": 5570.1611328125,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 0.39401547439658696,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 65.91585178014446,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
      "signal_flag": "Stable",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 731512,
      "corridor_rank": 91,
      "exporter_iso3": "GBR",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 2117992.090857617,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 784719.2250184141,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 3188176.550948363,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2677476.3473789785,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1709646.7030651066,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.11656418108948463,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 10.153243814438984,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 10.861252227179751,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 3805518.4677271172,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 33874519.00360599,
      "historical_peak_year": 2023,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -10.977816408269236,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -18.7305,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 7.814,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 6.252463955671677,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -2.8774879122841766,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 33.336591122610685,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 42,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2408.73,
      "distance_km": 1438.4251708984375,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.0007673828181818182,
      "volatility_cv": 1.216796822923674,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 59.315645432744304,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "GBR",
    "hs_code": 731512,
    "num_markets": 153,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "BIH",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 5017666.666666667,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GMB",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 125,
    "median_price_across_markets": 13459.896907216496,
    "price_spread_pct": 37277.712461352676,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 18.618536231884057,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 127122913
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 17173180.907387387,
      "active_destinations": 136,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.8117096045869685
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 18867236.446491633,
      "active_destinations": 144,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.864541393001419
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 17436146.929641176,
      "active_destinations": 134,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.585051053497387
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 16639200.057961972,
      "active_destinations": 136,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.570659302740827
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 20275540.89684403,
      "active_destinations": 133,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 21.85406044890988
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 16971051.29948869,
      "active_destinations": 132,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.29791093696394
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 15678344.729692655,
      "active_destinations": 132,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.6171272302675925
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 19538963.759807955,
      "active_destinations": 133,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 24.62389427376101
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 18452871.37734546,
      "active_destinations": 137,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.558597660622147
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 24997900.106788132,
      "active_destinations": 138,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 35.468890426874076
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 22348631.156035505,
      "active_destinations": 134,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.597965986883926
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 24680843.117096502,
      "active_destinations": 138,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.435591982246109
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 27292318.572935574,
      "active_destinations": 133,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.580981546898995
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 32728208.10910539,
      "active_destinations": 127,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 19.917287428853022
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 21362952.533466548,
      "active_destinations": 128,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -34.72617730170473
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "GBR",
    "exports_usd": 442181920400.69006,
    "imports_usd": 753376053311.657,
    "trade_balance_usd": -311194132910.9669,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -5.298942785484062,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 2.7114834343132888,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.5321426807664675,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.7727404935998576,
    "export_partner_hhi": 568.0807939645799,
    "export_product_hhi": 121.01636468637346,
    "momentum_score": -3.5496171456089027,
    "risk_score": 3.445485793254767,
    "gdp_million_usd": 3686033.0444821278,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 53246.36761451085,
    "population": 69226000,
    "labor_force": 35514.36,
    "investment_rate_pct": 17.85,
    "savings_rate_pct": 15.56,
    "secondary_education_pct": 91.71,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.04,
    "total_factor_productivity": 2397.02,
    "trade_openness_pct": 35.344853887670666,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 13.072436228084023,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 119,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 1,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 77,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6737.20987654321,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 44.074074074074076,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 28.51851851851852,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 0.3703703703703704,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12806982251220603,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13073271711760692,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02507111166182711,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10566160545577981,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6702.485526006816,
    "num_border_partners": 25,
    "num_colonial_partners": 2020,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.853938978940885,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.90697674418605,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6744186046511627,
    "real_market_potential": 1919336.1730728918,
    "foreign_market_potential": 40595.75475928802
  }
}