{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/fra/282540",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/282540",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/fra/282540",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "282540",
    "exporter_iso3": "FRA",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 107,
    "current_lane_count": 20,
    "active_market_count": 20,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 1358215.031406869,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 224026.83713129375,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 259929.25140115627,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 572211.6691157429,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 336018.6902977818,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -41.14670825070073,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 19.625101516653043,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -3.875468242112945,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 1895125.3204419094,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 6805768.34466348,
    "historical_peak_year": 2011,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -37.27124000858779,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "SAU",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 504228.83064650616,
    "top_market_share_pct": 37.124374196051626,
    "destination_hhi": 1898.5625897225905,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 43.879393014655,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 6.551587112559436,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.1235881280175155,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 43.69155666525537,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 55.14018691588785,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 80,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:45",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 282540,
      "hs_description": "Nickel oxides and hydroxides",
      "hs_chapter": 28,
      "hs_heading": 2825,
      "substitution_elasticity": -29.050322,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Nickel oxides and hydroxides",
    "hs_chapter": 28,
    "hs_heading": 2825,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 282540,
        "corridor_rank": 77,
        "exporter_iso3": "FRA",
        "importer_iso3": "SGP",
        "latest_data_year": 2021,
        "lane_data_years": 2,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 7518.636466047344,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3855.8305519076775,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 7518.636466047344,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 7518.636466047344,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 3855.8305519076775,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 238.98107051261306,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 108.02008434080687,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 7518.636466047344,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 24248037.242053714,
        "historical_peak_year": 2021,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 100,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 249.1751,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 188.0897,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.6761423549595315,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.4620876395137764,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 47.38637461135083,
        "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 12,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3066.07,
        "distance_km": 10748.263671875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.0035649841120444442,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 0.9499395434603547,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','limited_history']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "Low",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "FRA",
      "hs_code": 282540,
      "num_markets": 21,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "GRC",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1423000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "BEL",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 146.62974469809538,
      "median_price_across_markets": 18744.075829383888,
      "price_spread_pct": 7590.949712360775,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 62.73139534883722,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 1273725
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 1047042.400720888,
        "active_destinations": 24,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 36.44180668032916
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 3006518.5782590504,
        "active_destinations": 27,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 187.14391854513858
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 1286963.8735079265,
        "active_destinations": 23,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -57.19421516918902
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 1085897.4709415243,
        "active_destinations": 24,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -15.623313653579713
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 332627.1346401986,
        "active_destinations": 21,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -69.36845848330458
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 142477.43629245524,
        "active_destinations": 21,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -57.16602121273946
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 151915.99958324723,
        "active_destinations": 25,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 6.62460213799608
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 65086.5885670246,
        "active_destinations": 20,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -57.15619898787665
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 48197.53464432746,
        "active_destinations": 19,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -25.9485929352484
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 91450.99831204927,
        "active_destinations": 20,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 89.74206665737096
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 982295.6958395524,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 974.1224414934884
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 1098974.8955356926,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 11.878215509884352
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 435327.5923506883,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -60.3878492475946
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 120433.32472148679,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -72.33501233607336
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 224026.83713129378,
        "active_destinations": 20,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 86.01731509893676
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "FRA",
      "exports_usd": 635275672315.8479,
      "imports_usd": 730815474921.9613,
      "trade_balance_usd": -95539802606.1134,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -0.18990129641119902,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -3.07194674070006,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.1393763205225023,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.2609868080818432,
      "export_partner_hhi": 503.896247020126,
      "export_product_hhi": 65.52568525511003,
      "momentum_score": 0.8088819886689114,
      "risk_score": 2.84710966137618,
      "gdp_million_usd": 3160442.622465078,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 46103.08408558839,
      "population": 68551653,
      "labor_force": 29576.17,
      "investment_rate_pct": 23.51,
      "savings_rate_pct": 22.88,
      "secondary_education_pct": 95.39,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.83,
      "total_factor_productivity": 2387.67,
      "trade_openness_pct": 42.52873252248165,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 19.7772082782242,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 9,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 41,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6659.0534979423865,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 15.185185185185185,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 3.3333333333333335,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1280561636960188,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925522,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.024784923491291168,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10573883182796406,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6631.092442994175,
      "num_border_partners": 190,
      "num_colonial_partners": 930,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.91547044056115,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.98889659958363,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6601896830904463,
      "real_market_potential": 932077.6473773532,
      "foreign_market_potential": 42058.072500255104
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "282540",
    "hs_description": "Nickel oxides and hydroxides",
    "hs_chapter": 28,
    "hs_heading": 2825
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 282540,
      "corridor_rank": 77,
      "exporter_iso3": "FRA",
      "importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "latest_data_year": 2021,
      "lane_data_years": 2,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 7518.636466047344,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3855.8305519076775,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 7518.636466047344,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 7518.636466047344,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 3855.8305519076775,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 238.98107051261306,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 108.02008434080687,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 7518.636466047344,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 24248037.242053714,
      "historical_peak_year": 2021,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 100,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 249.1751,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 188.0897,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.6761423549595315,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.4620876395137764,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 47.38637461135083,
      "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 12,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3066.07,
      "distance_km": 10748.263671875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.0035649841120444442,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 0.9499395434603547,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','limited_history']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "Low",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "FRA",
    "hs_code": 282540,
    "num_markets": 21,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "GRC",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1423000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "BEL",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 146.62974469809538,
    "median_price_across_markets": 18744.075829383888,
    "price_spread_pct": 7590.949712360775,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 62.73139534883722,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 1273725
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 1047042.400720888,
      "active_destinations": 24,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 36.44180668032916
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 3006518.5782590504,
      "active_destinations": 27,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 187.14391854513858
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 1286963.8735079265,
      "active_destinations": 23,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -57.19421516918902
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 1085897.4709415243,
      "active_destinations": 24,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -15.623313653579713
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 332627.1346401986,
      "active_destinations": 21,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -69.36845848330458
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 142477.43629245524,
      "active_destinations": 21,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -57.16602121273946
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 151915.99958324723,
      "active_destinations": 25,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.62460213799608
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 65086.5885670246,
      "active_destinations": 20,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -57.15619898787665
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 48197.53464432746,
      "active_destinations": 19,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -25.9485929352484
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 91450.99831204927,
      "active_destinations": 20,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 89.74206665737096
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 982295.6958395524,
      "active_destinations": 16,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 974.1224414934884
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 1098974.8955356926,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.878215509884352
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 435327.5923506883,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -60.3878492475946
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 120433.32472148679,
      "active_destinations": 12,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -72.33501233607336
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 224026.83713129378,
      "active_destinations": 20,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 86.01731509893676
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "FRA",
    "exports_usd": 635275672315.8479,
    "imports_usd": 730815474921.9613,
    "trade_balance_usd": -95539802606.1134,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -0.18990129641119902,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -3.07194674070006,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.1393763205225023,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.2609868080818432,
    "export_partner_hhi": 503.896247020126,
    "export_product_hhi": 65.52568525511003,
    "momentum_score": 0.8088819886689114,
    "risk_score": 2.84710966137618,
    "gdp_million_usd": 3160442.622465078,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 46103.08408558839,
    "population": 68551653,
    "labor_force": 29576.17,
    "investment_rate_pct": 23.51,
    "savings_rate_pct": 22.88,
    "secondary_education_pct": 95.39,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.83,
    "total_factor_productivity": 2387.67,
    "trade_openness_pct": 42.52873252248165,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 19.7772082782242,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 9,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 41,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6659.0534979423865,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 15.185185185185185,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 3.3333333333333335,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.1280561636960188,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925522,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.024784923491291168,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.10573883182796406,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6631.092442994175,
    "num_border_partners": 190,
    "num_colonial_partners": 930,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.91547044056115,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.98889659958363,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.6601896830904463,
    "real_market_potential": 932077.6473773532,
    "foreign_market_potential": 42058.072500255104
  }
}