{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/eth/490199",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/490199",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/eth/490199",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "490199",
    "exporter_iso3": "ETH",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 155,
    "current_lane_count": 38,
    "active_market_count": 38,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 277112.9703181242,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 197715.59866476778,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 229715.4387746442,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 231802.7401682294,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 202991.1418878784,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -8.977792841024923,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.019314928594975,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 0.2868687574932194,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 258566.45529488564,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 1231348.0305925899,
    "historical_peak_year": 2023,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -9.264661598518142,
    "trend_label": "Declining",
    "top_market_iso3": "DEU",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 62304.76534034241,
    "top_market_share_pct": 22.483525498217162,
    "destination_hhi": 930.81911417606,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 0.028157136943672844,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.016383820737789337,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.2346457169229903,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 80.49179566514574,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 36.774193548387096,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 99,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:43",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 490199,
      "hs_description": "Printed matter: books, brochures, leaflets and similar printed matter n.e.c. in item no. 4901.10 or 4901.91",
      "hs_chapter": 49,
      "hs_heading": 4901,
      "substitution_elasticity": -16.298405,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way vertical trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Printed matter: books, brochures, leaflets and similar printed matter n.e.c. in item no. 4901.10 or 4901.91",
    "hs_chapter": 49,
    "hs_heading": 4901,
    "destinations": [],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ETH",
      "hs_code": 490199,
      "num_markets": 110,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "SDN",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 336250,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "ESP",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 19.65601965601966,
      "median_price_across_markets": 4700,
      "price_spread_pct": 7153.837105964764,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.5177162162162163,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 937263
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 164231.27678590824,
        "active_destinations": 72,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.162577987121523
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 115798.01967791152,
        "active_destinations": 62,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -29.490885083438933
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 160588.6996172936,
        "active_destinations": 63,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 38.68000511922909
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 174223.0862962113,
        "active_destinations": 68,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 8.490252870476207
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 192132.22758199173,
        "active_destinations": 68,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 10.27943062340866
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 207169.65600948664,
        "active_destinations": 81,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.826603905415998
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 178785.90595447933,
        "active_destinations": 74,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -13.700727510841443
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 176140.80692016977,
        "active_destinations": 79,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -1.4794784970259516
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 146444.36027168826,
        "active_destinations": 60,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -16.859492793138205
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 162356.98888181275,
        "active_destinations": 67,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 10.86598936319765
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 207687.81434454347,
        "active_destinations": 69,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 27.920464511527214
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 262179.5701726711,
        "active_destinations": 79,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 26.237338959968355
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 176954.92455420346,
        "active_destinations": 76,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -32.50621151081254
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 314475.7931049614,
        "active_destinations": 77,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 77.71519718776383
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 197715.59866476778,
        "active_destinations": 38,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -37.128515771394525
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ETH",
      "exports_usd": 3962488390.9441643,
      "imports_usd": 15098627507.597836,
      "trade_balance_usd": -11136139116.653671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 13.898815411671194,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 5.52761955016865,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.7282010286239768,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.303452144553857,
      "export_partner_hhi": 1062.2208582719288,
      "export_product_hhi": 1764.2161180287142,
      "momentum_score": 9.210710479582643,
      "risk_score": 14.132184881503214,
      "gdp_million_usd": 149740.29795298603,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 1133.8827968171868,
      "population": 132059767,
      "labor_force": null,
      "investment_rate_pct": null,
      "savings_rate_pct": null,
      "secondary_education_pct": null,
      "tertiary_education_pct": null,
      "total_factor_productivity": null,
      "trade_openness_pct": null,
      "exports_gdp_pct": null,
      "num_active_partners": 1080,
      "num_fta_partners": 0,
      "num_wto_partners": 676,
      "num_eu_partners": 112,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 14,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 152,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 7135.168724279835,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.32581955,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212735,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 0,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 14.074074074074074,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.2962962962962963,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.126402152564042,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13646691911251022,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.041318814575671235,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09514810453683897,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 7229.851040640991,
      "num_border_partners": 168,
      "num_colonial_partners": 0,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -8.508689185831098,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 67.79794790844514,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.9857932123125495,
      "real_market_potential": 58369.15214903553,
      "foreign_market_potential": 10651.618934785329
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "490199",
    "hs_description": "Printed matter: books, brochures, leaflets and similar printed matter n.e.c. in item no. 4901.10 or 4901.91",
    "hs_chapter": 49,
    "hs_heading": 4901
  },
  "destinations": [],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ETH",
    "hs_code": 490199,
    "num_markets": 110,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "SDN",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 336250,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "ESP",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 19.65601965601966,
    "median_price_across_markets": 4700,
    "price_spread_pct": 7153.837105964764,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.5177162162162163,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 937263
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 164231.27678590824,
      "active_destinations": 72,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.162577987121523
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 115798.01967791152,
      "active_destinations": 62,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -29.490885083438933
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 160588.6996172936,
      "active_destinations": 63,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 38.68000511922909
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 174223.0862962113,
      "active_destinations": 68,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.490252870476207
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 192132.22758199173,
      "active_destinations": 68,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.27943062340866
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 207169.65600948664,
      "active_destinations": 81,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.826603905415998
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 178785.90595447933,
      "active_destinations": 74,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.700727510841443
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 176140.80692016977,
      "active_destinations": 79,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.4794784970259516
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 146444.36027168826,
      "active_destinations": 60,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.859492793138205
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 162356.98888181275,
      "active_destinations": 67,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.86598936319765
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 207687.81434454347,
      "active_destinations": 69,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 27.920464511527214
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 262179.5701726711,
      "active_destinations": 79,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 26.237338959968355
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 176954.92455420346,
      "active_destinations": 76,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -32.50621151081254
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 314475.7931049614,
      "active_destinations": 77,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 77.71519718776383
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 197715.59866476778,
      "active_destinations": 38,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -37.128515771394525
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ETH",
    "exports_usd": 3962488390.9441643,
    "imports_usd": 15098627507.597836,
    "trade_balance_usd": -11136139116.653671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": 13.898815411671194,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": 5.52761955016865,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.7282010286239768,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 7.303452144553857,
    "export_partner_hhi": 1062.2208582719288,
    "export_product_hhi": 1764.2161180287142,
    "momentum_score": 9.210710479582643,
    "risk_score": 14.132184881503214,
    "gdp_million_usd": 149740.29795298603,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 1133.8827968171868,
    "population": 132059767,
    "labor_force": null,
    "investment_rate_pct": null,
    "savings_rate_pct": null,
    "secondary_education_pct": null,
    "tertiary_education_pct": null,
    "total_factor_productivity": null,
    "trade_openness_pct": null,
    "exports_gdp_pct": null,
    "num_active_partners": 1080,
    "num_fta_partners": 0,
    "num_wto_partners": 676,
    "num_eu_partners": 112,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 14,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 152,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 7135.168724279835,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.32581955,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212735,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 0,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 14.074074074074074,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.2962962962962963,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.126402152564042,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13646691911251022,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.041318814575671235,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.09514810453683897,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 7229.851040640991,
    "num_border_partners": 168,
    "num_colonial_partners": 0,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -8.508689185831098,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 67.79794790844514,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 3.9857932123125495,
    "real_market_potential": 58369.15214903553,
    "foreign_market_potential": 10651.618934785329
  }
}