{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/961210",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/961210",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/961210",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "961210",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 162,
    "current_lane_count": 100,
    "active_market_count": 100,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 22885200.429305788,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 22602215.22495987,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 26166928.98184058,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 24044482.605804555,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 26945821.715983253,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -3.417478440592603,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -2.6524966470981903,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -5.543358879382721,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 25888595.83026773,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 93633239.56849115,
    "historical_peak_year": 2006,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 2.125880438790118,
    "trend_label": "Declining",
    "top_market_iso3": "PRT",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 4333641.442993297,
    "top_market_share_pct": 18.936436481647874,
    "destination_hhi": 816.7909103047122,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 14.284710631346602,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -1.7925823079033234,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.8176978543044071,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 83.54357827210431,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 21.604938271604937,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 961210,
      "hs_description": "Ribbons: for typewriters and the like, inked or otherwise prepared, for giving impressions, whether or not on spools or in cartridges",
      "hs_chapter": 96,
      "hs_heading": 9612,
      "substitution_elasticity": -1.5688934,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Ribbons: for typewriters and the like, inked or otherwise prepared, for giving impressions, whether or not on spools or in cartridges",
    "hs_chapter": 96,
    "hs_heading": 9612,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 961210,
        "corridor_rank": 100,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 3113040.657127453,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3333499.206559653,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 5806867.717948761,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 5539015.080557119,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5075829.792896152,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -17.072281882638052,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -9.36185547575963,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -5.780107050114525,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 7228441.68637525,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 77175786.17088598,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 44.827586206896555,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -11.292174832523527,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -7.545,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": -0.5782,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 44.8276,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 4.033701257327555,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -4.446936157941553,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 25.11924995103612,
        "peer_top_exporter": "NLD",
        "supplier_count_latest": 66,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1524.09,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.5125023512323506,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 67.19531997012625,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Stable",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 961210,
      "num_markets": 126,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ARG",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 3597444.444444445,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NAM",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 104,
      "median_price_across_markets": 27090.909090909092,
      "price_spread_pct": 13278.77345264728,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 16.916732217573223,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 123988012
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 34145886.692046024,
        "active_destinations": 105,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.5264085089877826
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 39633121.032857135,
        "active_destinations": 101,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 16.06997173715015
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 31605174.886249766,
        "active_destinations": 106,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -20.255649662190226
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 29682039.84965629,
        "active_destinations": 99,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -6.084873896490156
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 39978456.81035543,
        "active_destinations": 108,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 34.6890476963576
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 29460395.712153025,
        "active_destinations": 105,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -26.309322413560405
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 34399756.431576505,
        "active_destinations": 102,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 16.766104459981477
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 29431092.357506454,
        "active_destinations": 110,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -14.443893182653975
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 30090608.871769015,
        "active_destinations": 103,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 2.2408835739131163
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 25853950.757804714,
        "active_destinations": 98,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -14.07966894926852
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 16634241.528597206,
        "active_destinations": 92,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -35.66073640186032
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 25087384.55490385,
        "active_destinations": 97,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 50.81772446176277
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 27486783.864234876,
        "active_destinations": 100,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.564166818904258
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 28411787.856326975,
        "active_destinations": 101,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.3652681836513128
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 22602215.224959858,
        "active_destinations": 100,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -20.447754505084383
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "961210",
    "hs_description": "Ribbons: for typewriters and the like, inked or otherwise prepared, for giving impressions, whether or not on spools or in cartridges",
    "hs_chapter": 96,
    "hs_heading": 9612
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 961210,
      "corridor_rank": 100,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 3113040.657127453,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3333499.206559653,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 5806867.717948761,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 5539015.080557119,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5075829.792896152,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -17.072281882638052,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -9.36185547575963,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -5.780107050114525,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 7228441.68637525,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 77175786.17088598,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 44.827586206896555,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -11.292174832523527,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -7.545,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": -0.5782,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 44.8276,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 4.033701257327555,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -4.446936157941553,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 25.11924995103612,
      "peer_top_exporter": "NLD",
      "supplier_count_latest": 66,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1524.09,
      "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.5125023512323506,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 67.19531997012625,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Stable",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 961210,
    "num_markets": 126,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ARG",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 3597444.444444445,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NAM",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 104,
    "median_price_across_markets": 27090.909090909092,
    "price_spread_pct": 13278.77345264728,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 16.916732217573223,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 123988012
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 34145886.692046024,
      "active_destinations": 105,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.5264085089877826
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 39633121.032857135,
      "active_destinations": 101,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 16.06997173715015
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 31605174.886249766,
      "active_destinations": 106,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -20.255649662190226
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 29682039.84965629,
      "active_destinations": 99,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.084873896490156
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 39978456.81035543,
      "active_destinations": 108,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 34.6890476963576
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 29460395.712153025,
      "active_destinations": 105,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -26.309322413560405
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 34399756.431576505,
      "active_destinations": 102,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 16.766104459981477
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 29431092.357506454,
      "active_destinations": 110,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.443893182653975
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 30090608.871769015,
      "active_destinations": 103,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.2408835739131163
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 25853950.757804714,
      "active_destinations": 98,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.07966894926852
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 16634241.528597206,
      "active_destinations": 92,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -35.66073640186032
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 25087384.55490385,
      "active_destinations": 97,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 50.81772446176277
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 27486783.864234876,
      "active_destinations": 100,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.564166818904258
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 28411787.856326975,
      "active_destinations": 101,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.3652681836513128
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 22602215.224959858,
      "active_destinations": 100,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -20.447754505084383
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}