# Spain HS 960860 exports | Yugalinks Explore reported HS 960860 exports from Spain: destinations, growth, concentration, prices, and history. ## Exporter position | Measure | Value | | --- | --- | | Exporter | Spain | | HS6 | 960860 | | Latest exports | $452.2K | | Active destinations | 63 | | Three-year growth | -32.7% | | Destination HHI | 1,213 | | Weighted share | 2.1% | ## Destination markets - Germany: $73.4K; share 0.5%; growth -31.5% - France: $70.7K; share 0.4%; growth -39.9% ## Price intelligence - Highest reported market price: Israel at $2.1M / ton. - Lowest reported market price: Angola at $121.4 / ton. - Median reported price: $50.9K / ton. - Price spread: 4,036%. ## Export history - 2010: $421.6K - 2011: $415.2K - 2012: $365.4K - 2013: $742.4K - 2014: $548.3K - 2015: $408.2K - 2016: $336.2K - 2017: $421.8K - 2018: $403.3K - 2019: $595.2K - 2020: $1.1M - 2021: $1.3M - 2022: $597.6K - 2023: $482.7K - 2024: $397.8K ## Methods Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade. Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed. ## Complete structured values ```json { "template": "T3", "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile", "source": "api", "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com" }, "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/960860", "links": { "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/960860", "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/960860", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology" }, "methodology": { "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.", "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.", "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.", "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.", "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed." }, "exporter": { "hs_code": "960860", "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "first_data_year": 1995, "latest_data_year": 2024, "observed_lane_count": 137, "current_lane_count": 63, "active_market_count": 63, "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 452193.5520465656, "exports_current_2024_usd": 397759.59968065214, "exports_avg_3y_usd": 492717.28998598695, "exports_avg_5y_usd": 770332.5856149689, "exports_avg_10y_usd": 601638.2381281013, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -32.74907001055283, "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -7.745253985121714, "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -3.159191698541808, "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 1204385.0156396981, "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 6998308.0609332835, "historical_peak_year": 1999, "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 37.93103448275862, "trend_acceleration_pct": -29.58987831201102, "trend_label": "Rapid decline", "top_market_iso3": "ITA", "top_market_exports_usd": 112630.91726146248, "top_market_share_pct": 24.90767874767575, "destination_hhi": 1212.6705556365976, "weighted_share_latest_pct": 2.13386518597192, "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 1.1232005135440397, "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.4957222903187348, "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 95.0620794719337, "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 27.73722627737226, "data_freshness_years": 0, "coverage_score": 100, "confidence_label": "High", "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41", "source": "api", "product": { "hs_code": 960860, "hs_description": "Pens: ball-point, refills comprising the ball point and ink-reservoir", "hs_chapter": 96, "hs_heading": 9608, "substitution_elasticity": -4.5857863, "price_range_label": "Unclassified", "trade_type_label": "One-way trade" }, "hs_description": "Pens: ball-point, refills comprising the ball point and ink-reservoir", "hs_chapter": 96, "hs_heading": 9608, "destinations": [ { "hs_code": 960860, "corridor_rank": 38, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "DEU", "latest_data_year": 2024, "lane_data_years": 30, "exports_latest_observed_usd": 73371.15599047246, "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 81174.81044265893, "exports_avg_3y_usd": 85370.9385052488, "exports_avg_5y_usd": 123061.07282620163, "exports_avg_10y_usd": 78758.86467349793, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -31.48711335127381, "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 5.192030887263721, "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 14.218147603830822, "exports_historical_peak_usd": 767690.2795739518, "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 14398277.689483782, "historical_peak_year": 1995, "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445, "trend_acceleration_pct": -45.705260955104634, "trend_label": "Rapid decline", "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 11.4879, "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 3.2877, "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207, "market_share_latest_pct": 0.5095828652065887, "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.0138642058716133, "peer_best_share_pct": 32.30329005725137, "peer_top_exporter": "ITA", "supplier_count_latest": 47, "buyer_market_hhi": 1860.56, "distance_km": 1479.33154296875, "has_reported_fta": 1, "applied_tariff_pct": 0, "tariff_advantage_pp": 0, "volatility_cv": 1.9941530171622937, "max_drawdown_pct": 99.97211512811533, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']", "signal_flag": "Slowing", "confidence_label": "High", "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25" }, { "hs_code": 960860, "corridor_rank": 39, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "FRA", "latest_data_year": 2024, "lane_data_years": 30, "exports_latest_observed_usd": 70737.93648618378, "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 71023.40499410014, "exports_avg_3y_usd": 131708.68937059536, "exports_avg_5y_usd": 195687.51115113316, "exports_avg_10y_usd": 131668.01892578547, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -39.8677869038191, "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -12.206958657524714, "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 29.89781122381856, "exports_historical_peak_usd": 325335.02652767784, "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 15950157.863773879, "historical_peak_year": 2021, "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445, "trend_acceleration_pct": -69.76559812763766, "trend_label": "Rapid decline", "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 35.6656, "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.8631, "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207, "market_share_latest_pct": 0.44349364495535387, "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.1278206277470664, "peer_best_share_pct": 80.92365582664202, "peer_top_exporter": "JPN", "supplier_count_latest": 50, "buyer_market_hhi": 6606.72, "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125, "has_reported_fta": 1, "applied_tariff_pct": 0, "tariff_advantage_pp": 0, "volatility_cv": 1.1683757214359318, "max_drawdown_pct": 99.8479467450794, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']", "signal_flag": "Slowing", "confidence_label": "High", "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25" } ], "priceSummary": { "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "hs_code": 960860, "num_markets": 97, "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ISR", "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 2054000, "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "AGO", "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 121.41652613827993, "median_price_across_markets": 50888.88888888889, "price_spread_pct": 4036.005950057807, "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.1437541528239202, "total_trade_value_usd": 3295015 }, "history": [ { "year": 2010, "export_value_usd": 421640.3136762983, "active_destinations": 60, "yoy_growth_pct": -40.96198619196155 }, { "year": 2011, "export_value_usd": 415164.67029259563, "active_destinations": 59, "yoy_growth_pct": -1.5358216882160258 }, { "year": 2012, "export_value_usd": 365421.62693775276, "active_destinations": 57, "yoy_growth_pct": -11.981521288838346 }, { "year": 2013, "export_value_usd": 742445.3793137671, "active_destinations": 74, "yoy_growth_pct": 103.17499693039183 }, { "year": 2014, "export_value_usd": 548323.1888003427, "active_destinations": 76, "yoy_growth_pct": -26.14632617053244 }, { "year": 2015, "export_value_usd": 408179.7296633031, "active_destinations": 82, "yoy_growth_pct": -25.55855050443054 }, { "year": 2016, "export_value_usd": 336219.86358445894, "active_destinations": 79, "yoy_growth_pct": -17.629456058046294 }, { "year": 2017, "export_value_usd": 421754.9771938608, "active_destinations": 77, "yoy_growth_pct": 25.440232084299595 }, { "year": 2018, "export_value_usd": 403345.4766998241, "active_destinations": 64, "yoy_growth_pct": -4.364975279372869 }, { "year": 2019, "export_value_usd": 595219.406064722, "active_destinations": 63, "yoy_growth_pct": 47.57061636957278 }, { "year": 2020, "export_value_usd": 1065757.8725335125, "active_destinations": 61, "yoy_growth_pct": 79.05294445618696 }, { "year": 2021, "export_value_usd": 1307753.185583372, "active_destinations": 64, "yoy_growth_pct": 22.7064063317299 }, { "year": 2022, "export_value_usd": 597648.984024891, "active_destinations": 68, "yoy_growth_pct": -54.29955815720017 }, { "year": 2023, "export_value_usd": 482743.2862524176, "active_destinations": 72, "yoy_growth_pct": -19.226285134567856 }, { "year": 2024, "export_value_usd": 397759.599680652, "active_destinations": 63, "yoy_growth_pct": -17.60432283408892 } ], "economy": { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "ESP", "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226, "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493, "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671, "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983, "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448, "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244, "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407, "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159, "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454, "risk_score": 3.285705193107783, "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873, "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781, "population": 48848840, "labor_force": 22392.15, "investment_rate_pct": 24.25, "savings_rate_pct": 21.99, "secondary_education_pct": 88.05, "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02, "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25, "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664, "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581, "num_active_partners": 270, "num_fta_partners": 108, "num_wto_partners": 169, "num_eu_partners": 28, "num_shared_border_partners": 5, "num_shared_language_partners": 24, "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906, "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193, "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769, "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null, "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null, "pct_partners_with_fta": 40, "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889, "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115, "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641, "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092, "num_border_partners": 75, "num_colonial_partners": 605, "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575, "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408, "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037, "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517, "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019 }, "countryMap": {} }, "product": { "hs_code": "960860", "hs_description": "Pens: ball-point, refills comprising the ball point and ink-reservoir", "hs_chapter": 96, "hs_heading": 9608 }, "destinations": [ { "hs_code": 960860, "corridor_rank": 38, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "DEU", "latest_data_year": 2024, "lane_data_years": 30, "exports_latest_observed_usd": 73371.15599047246, "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 81174.81044265893, "exports_avg_3y_usd": 85370.9385052488, "exports_avg_5y_usd": 123061.07282620163, "exports_avg_10y_usd": 78758.86467349793, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -31.48711335127381, "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 5.192030887263721, "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 14.218147603830822, "exports_historical_peak_usd": 767690.2795739518, "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 14398277.689483782, "historical_peak_year": 1995, "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445, "trend_acceleration_pct": -45.705260955104634, "trend_label": "Rapid decline", "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 11.4879, "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 3.2877, "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207, "market_share_latest_pct": 0.5095828652065887, "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.0138642058716133, "peer_best_share_pct": 32.30329005725137, "peer_top_exporter": "ITA", "supplier_count_latest": 47, "buyer_market_hhi": 1860.56, "distance_km": 1479.33154296875, "has_reported_fta": 1, "applied_tariff_pct": 0, "tariff_advantage_pp": 0, "volatility_cv": 1.9941530171622937, "max_drawdown_pct": 99.97211512811533, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']", "signal_flag": "Slowing", "confidence_label": "High", "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25" }, { "hs_code": 960860, "corridor_rank": 39, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "FRA", "latest_data_year": 2024, "lane_data_years": 30, "exports_latest_observed_usd": 70737.93648618378, "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 71023.40499410014, "exports_avg_3y_usd": 131708.68937059536, "exports_avg_5y_usd": 195687.51115113316, "exports_avg_10y_usd": 131668.01892578547, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -39.8677869038191, "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -12.206958657524714, "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 29.89781122381856, "exports_historical_peak_usd": 325335.02652767784, "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 15950157.863773879, "historical_peak_year": 2021, "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445, "trend_acceleration_pct": -69.76559812763766, "trend_label": "Rapid decline", "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 35.6656, "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.8631, "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207, "market_share_latest_pct": 0.44349364495535387, "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.1278206277470664, "peer_best_share_pct": 80.92365582664202, "peer_top_exporter": "JPN", "supplier_count_latest": 50, "buyer_market_hhi": 6606.72, "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125, "has_reported_fta": 1, "applied_tariff_pct": 0, "tariff_advantage_pp": 0, "volatility_cv": 1.1683757214359318, "max_drawdown_pct": 99.8479467450794, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']", "signal_flag": "Slowing", "confidence_label": "High", "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25" } ], "prices": [], "priceSummary": { "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "hs_code": 960860, "num_markets": 97, "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ISR", "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 2054000, "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "AGO", "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 121.41652613827993, "median_price_across_markets": 50888.88888888889, "price_spread_pct": 4036.005950057807, "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.1437541528239202, "total_trade_value_usd": 3295015 }, "history": [ { "year": 2010, "export_value_usd": 421640.3136762983, "active_destinations": 60, "yoy_growth_pct": -40.96198619196155 }, { "year": 2011, "export_value_usd": 415164.67029259563, "active_destinations": 59, "yoy_growth_pct": -1.5358216882160258 }, { "year": 2012, "export_value_usd": 365421.62693775276, "active_destinations": 57, "yoy_growth_pct": -11.981521288838346 }, { "year": 2013, "export_value_usd": 742445.3793137671, "active_destinations": 74, "yoy_growth_pct": 103.17499693039183 }, { "year": 2014, "export_value_usd": 548323.1888003427, "active_destinations": 76, "yoy_growth_pct": -26.14632617053244 }, { "year": 2015, "export_value_usd": 408179.7296633031, "active_destinations": 82, "yoy_growth_pct": -25.55855050443054 }, { "year": 2016, "export_value_usd": 336219.86358445894, "active_destinations": 79, "yoy_growth_pct": -17.629456058046294 }, { "year": 2017, "export_value_usd": 421754.9771938608, "active_destinations": 77, "yoy_growth_pct": 25.440232084299595 }, { "year": 2018, "export_value_usd": 403345.4766998241, "active_destinations": 64, "yoy_growth_pct": -4.364975279372869 }, { "year": 2019, "export_value_usd": 595219.406064722, "active_destinations": 63, "yoy_growth_pct": 47.57061636957278 }, { "year": 2020, "export_value_usd": 1065757.8725335125, "active_destinations": 61, "yoy_growth_pct": 79.05294445618696 }, { "year": 2021, "export_value_usd": 1307753.185583372, "active_destinations": 64, "yoy_growth_pct": 22.7064063317299 }, { "year": 2022, "export_value_usd": 597648.984024891, "active_destinations": 68, "yoy_growth_pct": -54.29955815720017 }, { "year": 2023, "export_value_usd": 482743.2862524176, "active_destinations": 72, "yoy_growth_pct": -19.226285134567856 }, { "year": 2024, "export_value_usd": 397759.599680652, "active_destinations": 63, "yoy_growth_pct": -17.60432283408892 } ], "economy": { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "ESP", "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226, "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493, "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671, "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983, "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448, "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244, "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407, "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159, "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454, "risk_score": 3.285705193107783, "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873, "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781, "population": 48848840, "labor_force": 22392.15, "investment_rate_pct": 24.25, "savings_rate_pct": 21.99, "secondary_education_pct": 88.05, "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02, "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25, "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664, "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581, "num_active_partners": 270, "num_fta_partners": 108, "num_wto_partners": 169, "num_eu_partners": 28, "num_shared_border_partners": 5, "num_shared_language_partners": 24, "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906, "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193, "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769, "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null, "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null, "pct_partners_with_fta": 40, "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889, "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115, "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641, "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092, "num_border_partners": 75, "num_colonial_partners": 605, "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575, "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408, "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037, "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517, "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019 } } ```