{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/960719",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/960719",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/960719",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "960719",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 134,
    "current_lane_count": 65,
    "active_market_count": 65,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 6882253.456969594,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 6796936.065943158,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 8169232.05777004,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 8396367.786675941,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 9230249.636160303,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -10.429263877585582,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -6.326570543877974,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -5.196874910170068,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 10315442.477553194,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 37068692.65735922,
    "historical_peak_year": 2018,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -5.232388967415513,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "MAR",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 4131453.892394668,
    "top_market_share_pct": 60.030539680441194,
    "destination_hhi": 3745.3130571961046,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 7.8688726838159955,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -0.4272454632888832,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.6358888652009013,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 66.3598074660031,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 21.64179104477612,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 960719,
      "hs_description": "Slide fasteners: other than those fitted with chain scoops of base metal",
      "hs_chapter": 96,
      "hs_heading": 9607,
      "substitution_elasticity": null,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Slide fasteners: other than those fitted with chain scoops of base metal",
    "hs_chapter": 96,
    "hs_heading": 9607,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 960719,
        "corridor_rank": 47,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "MAR",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 4131453.892394668,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3362028.7909362162,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 5488444.900230949,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 5397985.073595367,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5044517.135225017,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -9.840899407091719,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -7.533113552028392,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -4.030838564853911,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 8357803.552981408,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 40975400.83655225,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 72.41379310344827,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -5.8100608422378075,
        "trend_label": "Declining",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 19.0355,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 11.671,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 10.08276626475168,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.4679328133011893,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 26.566227488886636,
        "peer_top_exporter": "FRA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 37,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1521.86,
        "distance_km": 762.6525268554688,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.4768519003587878,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.4695611095118484,
        "volatility_cv": 0.5605920481477705,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 52.42676822789859,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 960719,
      "num_markets": 90,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CHL",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 927750,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "TZA",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 273.0627306273063,
      "median_price_across_markets": 28476.893576222436,
      "price_spread_pct": 3256.945617283885,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 7.125650793650793,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 43189435
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 8990955.388837367,
        "active_destinations": 76,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -8.92575898697417
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 10779165.61014406,
        "active_destinations": 70,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 19.88899003466114
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 9429730.55585471,
        "active_destinations": 76,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.51891939594493
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 9670075.198386315,
        "active_destinations": 66,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 2.5487965017450134
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 11590085.727260964,
        "active_destinations": 72,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 19.855176815947083
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 8545962.969295645,
        "active_destinations": 84,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -26.26488560654265
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 8293072.352913126,
        "active_destinations": 80,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -2.9591822161073784
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 7513087.133665324,
        "active_destinations": 83,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -9.405262441413706
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 16544625.990389055,
        "active_destinations": 68,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 120.21075619174427
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 9423908.981960194,
        "active_destinations": 67,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -43.03945590891785
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 8015806.396634188,
        "active_destinations": 65,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -14.941810113207591
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 9458336.363435404,
        "active_destinations": 69,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 17.996067961508285
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 11502089.752544254,
        "active_destinations": 61,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 21.60795842501132
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 6208670.354822714,
        "active_destinations": 65,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -46.02137099956675
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 6796936.065943158,
        "active_destinations": 65,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.474906501735862
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "960719",
    "hs_description": "Slide fasteners: other than those fitted with chain scoops of base metal",
    "hs_chapter": 96,
    "hs_heading": 9607
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 960719,
      "corridor_rank": 47,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "MAR",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 4131453.892394668,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3362028.7909362162,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 5488444.900230949,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 5397985.073595367,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5044517.135225017,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -9.840899407091719,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -7.533113552028392,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -4.030838564853911,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 8357803.552981408,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 40975400.83655225,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 72.41379310344827,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -5.8100608422378075,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 19.0355,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 11.671,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 10.08276626475168,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.4679328133011893,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 26.566227488886636,
      "peer_top_exporter": "FRA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 37,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1521.86,
      "distance_km": 762.6525268554688,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.4768519003587878,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.4695611095118484,
      "volatility_cv": 0.5605920481477705,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 52.42676822789859,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 960719,
    "num_markets": 90,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CHL",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 927750,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "TZA",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 273.0627306273063,
    "median_price_across_markets": 28476.893576222436,
    "price_spread_pct": 3256.945617283885,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 7.125650793650793,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 43189435
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 8990955.388837367,
      "active_destinations": 76,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.92575898697417
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 10779165.61014406,
      "active_destinations": 70,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 19.88899003466114
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 9429730.55585471,
      "active_destinations": 76,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.51891939594493
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 9670075.198386315,
      "active_destinations": 66,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.5487965017450134
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 11590085.727260964,
      "active_destinations": 72,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 19.855176815947083
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 8545962.969295645,
      "active_destinations": 84,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -26.26488560654265
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 8293072.352913126,
      "active_destinations": 80,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.9591822161073784
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 7513087.133665324,
      "active_destinations": 83,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.405262441413706
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 16544625.990389055,
      "active_destinations": 68,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 120.21075619174427
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 9423908.981960194,
      "active_destinations": 67,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -43.03945590891785
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 8015806.396634188,
      "active_destinations": 65,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.941810113207591
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 9458336.363435404,
      "active_destinations": 69,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 17.996067961508285
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 11502089.752544254,
      "active_destinations": 61,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 21.60795842501132
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 6208670.354822714,
      "active_destinations": 65,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -46.02137099956675
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 6796936.065943158,
      "active_destinations": 65,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.474906501735862
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}