{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/903032",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/903032",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/903032",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "903032",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 162,
    "current_lane_count": 103,
    "active_market_count": 103,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 5208102.706497566,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 4352435.771456347,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 5625237.057720599,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 5632749.157805149,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 4784953.560343089,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -11.858526269628456,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -3.449066508909615,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 6.052972564004433,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 3478062.190590181,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 19497231.783229277,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -17.91149883363289,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "PRT",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 774770.9960656863,
    "top_market_share_pct": 14.876261850579317,
    "destination_hhi": 621.1551915741107,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 18.18060219914792,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 11.884918236271039,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.2569075104988476,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 85.05897433034825,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 27.77777777777778,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 903032,
      "hs_description": "Multimeters: for measuring or checking voltage, current, resistance or power, with a recording device",
      "hs_chapter": 90,
      "hs_heading": 9030,
      "substitution_elasticity": -8.42803,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null
    },
    "hs_description": "Multimeters: for measuring or checking voltage, current, resistance or power, with a recording device",
    "hs_chapter": 90,
    "hs_heading": 9030,
    "destinations": [],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 903032,
      "num_markets": 131,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "JPN",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 9292000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "AGO",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 973.548861131521,
      "median_price_across_markets": 224333.33333333337,
      "price_spread_pct": 4141.6165458271325,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.45204430379746835,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 28203714
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 1356940.690158569,
        "active_destinations": 80,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 30.756312329021878
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 1421382.483783991,
        "active_destinations": 83,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 4.749050131136648
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 1564437.826945058,
        "active_destinations": 83,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 10.064521322946545
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 2430069.403153864,
        "active_destinations": 93,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 55.33179787011162
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 2418265.121657742,
        "active_destinations": 98,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.48575902732662013
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 2639341.220688622,
        "active_destinations": 93,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.14192976820218
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 3134663.2510649003,
        "active_destinations": 97,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 18.766881163135302
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 4326613.208373497,
        "active_destinations": 107,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 38.024816761534765
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 4397769.1721549155,
        "active_destinations": 100,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1.6446111624609012
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 5187402.962123206,
        "active_destinations": 99,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 17.95532596317165
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 4931923.980389301,
        "active_destinations": 91,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -4.9249881607296135
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 6356110.6354746455,
        "active_destinations": 110,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 28.87689795601689
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 6706366.077885049,
        "active_destinations": 106,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.510530928388228
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 5816909.3238204,
        "active_destinations": 104,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -13.262872079079116
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 4352435.771456344,
        "active_destinations": 103,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -25.176145455233375
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "903032",
    "hs_description": "Multimeters: for measuring or checking voltage, current, resistance or power, with a recording device",
    "hs_chapter": 90,
    "hs_heading": 9030
  },
  "destinations": [],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 903032,
    "num_markets": 131,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "JPN",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 9292000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "AGO",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 973.548861131521,
    "median_price_across_markets": 224333.33333333337,
    "price_spread_pct": 4141.6165458271325,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.45204430379746835,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 28203714
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 1356940.690158569,
      "active_destinations": 80,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 30.756312329021878
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 1421382.483783991,
      "active_destinations": 83,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.749050131136648
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 1564437.826945058,
      "active_destinations": 83,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.064521322946545
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 2430069.403153864,
      "active_destinations": 93,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 55.33179787011162
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 2418265.121657742,
      "active_destinations": 98,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.48575902732662013
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 2639341.220688622,
      "active_destinations": 93,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.14192976820218
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 3134663.2510649003,
      "active_destinations": 97,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.766881163135302
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 4326613.208373497,
      "active_destinations": 107,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 38.024816761534765
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 4397769.1721549155,
      "active_destinations": 100,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.6446111624609012
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 5187402.962123206,
      "active_destinations": 99,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 17.95532596317165
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 4931923.980389301,
      "active_destinations": 91,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.9249881607296135
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 6356110.6354746455,
      "active_destinations": 110,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 28.87689795601689
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 6706366.077885049,
      "active_destinations": 106,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.510530928388228
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 5816909.3238204,
      "active_destinations": 104,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.262872079079116
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 4352435.771456344,
      "active_destinations": 103,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -25.176145455233375
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}